Green tourism system is green in development, operation, publicity and management.

At this moment, on the shores of Qiandao Lake with blue sky and clear water, green mountains and green waters, academic colleagues on both sides of the Taiwan Strait get together to discuss the century-old and worldwide topic of tourism and environment and call for the arrival of the green century. This is a timely and grand move that conforms to the people's hearts and trends.

Tourism is a service industry based on specific resources. Like any industry, it also consumes certain resources. However, compared with the secondary industries such as industry and mining, compared with traditional agriculture such as cutting down trees for land reclamation, destroying grass for ploughing, grazing, fishing and hunting, the consumption of resources and the damage to the environment are much smaller. The author once saw a warning in the world's first national park on the other side of the ocean in a remote mountain tourist destination in western Hubei: "Don't leave anything except footprints, and don't take anything away except photos". The "commodity" that tourists spend money to "buy" when they leave home is a kind of appreciation, experience and experience, rather than "buying back" a flower, a tree, a mountain, a water, a scene or a thing there.

Many sample surveys of Chinese and foreign tourists have reached the same conclusion: the primary factor in choosing a destination is excellent environmental quality. Environment has become the first primer of tourism and the first factor of tourism productivity. In this sense, tourism and environmental protection are naturally coupled. Tourism should and can become a pioneer industry of social sustainable development.

However, any development must pay a certain price. Whether at home or abroad, developed countries or developing countries, it is also an indisputable fact that disorderly and excessive tourism development has caused more or less damage or destruction to the natural and human environment, either explicitly or implicitly. Tourism is a smokeless industry, but it is not a pollution-free industry.

At the opening ceremony of the World Tourism Promotion Conference in Berlin in March 2006, Mr. Francisco Frangi Alley, Secretary-General of the World Tourism Organization (WTO), looked forward to the development prospect of the world tourism in the next 20 years with mixed feelings: "1During the period from 995 to 2020, the number of European tourists will double, while the world will triple. It is not difficult to imagine the potential and positive and negative effects brought about by such amazing development. On the one hand, it has created employment opportunities and a lot of activities, but on the other hand, the cultural, social and environmental influences can not be ignored. This prospect requires us to think deeply. What kind of economic and social security do we hope to establish for ourselves and future generations through the development of tourism? " His own answer is: "We hope to build a sustainable, balanced, responsible and environmentally friendly tourism industry. At the same time, it is conducive to trade liberalization and technological innovation, and is conducive to humanities exchanges. "

Weighing the advantages and disadvantages, the advantages of developing tourism undoubtedly outweigh the disadvantages, especially in areas with fragile ecological environment and precious tourism resources. Compared with other industries, the advantages of developing tourism outweigh the disadvantages. Whether we can seek advantages and avoid disadvantages depends on whether we can carry out scientific tourism development, consumption, management and management according to ecological laws and tourism laws, properly handle the relationship between tourism development and environmental protection, maximize its advantages, minimize its disadvantages, and realize the unity of economic benefits, social benefits and ecological and environmental benefits.

Establishing a green tourism development, management, publicity and management system, adhering to scientific tourism development management, reducing extensive development, preventing low-level development and putting an end to destructive development are the keys to realizing the unity of development and protection and the harmonious and sustainable development of tourism, economy, culture and environment.

Green development

Taking sustainable development as the fundamental guiding principle, we should make scientific planning and design for tourism development, organically combine resource development with environmental protection, and realize orderly and reasonable development and construction.

The construction of scenic spots, hotels, transportation facilities and other service facilities must carry out environmental impact assessment, formulate greening and ecological protection plans, and implement various environmental protection measures.

The volume, density, material, style and color of various service entities such as hotels, restaurants and reception centers should be coordinated with the local geographical environment, cultural background and functional purposes. The buildings in natural scenic tourist areas are generally "small, not big, low, not high, not dense, not hidden, not obvious and not foreign."

In the construction of ropeways, cable cars, slides and other artificial facilities that may damage the landscape and environment in key landscape areas such as nature reserves and scenic spots, it should be repeatedly demonstrated and the advantages and disadvantages should be carefully weighed.

In nature reserves, scenic spots, cultural relics protection areas, historical and cultural cities, national cultural protection areas, traditional villages, core areas, sensitive areas or elite areas of historical and cultural blocks, "traveling in the area and living outside the area" will be implemented. In the core tourist routes and sections where environmental resources are easy to be lost, it is necessary to control the flow of tourists and take fixed-line, fixed-time and quantitative tours.

In areas where the natural ecological environment is sensitive and fragile, it is necessary to take turns to fallow and conserve the ecology.

Calculate the social environment capacity (or carrying capacity), ecological environment capacity and reception facilities capacity of each tourist destination, and determine the boundary between the maximum capacity and the optimal capacity, so as to minimize the consumption of resources and environment by tourism activities and ensure the simultaneous improvement of tourism quality and environmental quality.

green product

Guided by the psychological, physiological, conceptual and aesthetic needs of all kinds of tourists at home and abroad (mainly urban residents of all groups), and based on the local ecological resources, we will seek the best connection between supply and demand and launch marketable eco-tourism products.

Vigorously develop forest tourism, bird watching tourism, agricultural tourism, grassland tourism, marine tourism, river and lake tourism, skiing, rafting, mountain climbing, rock climbing, exploration and desert tourism, and build natural tourism products, green tourism products and eco-tourism products such as botanical gardens, zoos, marine parks, nature reserves and geological parks, so as to guide tourists to go to nature extensively and smoothly, feel and experience nature, and at the same time know and experience nature.

Green management

All kinds of tourism enterprises, especially hotels, promote water-saving and electricity-saving technologies, reduce waste, set up smoke-free rooms, restaurants and conference rooms, and implement green management.

All kinds of tourist destinations should be decorated in a green way, without polluting paint, equipment and furniture, and using less plastic tableware and plastic bags. Try to use natural energy, ecological energy (biogas), clean energy and fluorine-free refrigeration. Provide tourists with ecological food, green food, pollution-free and pollution-free food.

Develop green tourism commodities, and do not produce or sell tourism foods, articles and souvenirs made of protected animals and plants.

Carry out healthy and distinctive local, ethnic and local cultural, entertainment, sports and competitive activities.

Develop green transportation, advocate pollution-free vehicles such as battery cars (boats), animal-drawn cars and rickshaws (boats), and control the exhaust emissions of automobiles and yachts. Construction of environmental protection parking lot, green parking lot, using pollution-free ecological materials, such as slate, pebbles, sand, etc., paving roads in natural scenic spots.

Advocate clean toilets, water-saving toilets, set up environmentally friendly toilets, and promote ecological and biogas toilets.

In tourism enterprises, ISO 14000 environmental management system certification is widely popularized to realize the integration of environmental management with international standards.

green consumption

Vigorously advocate civilized tourism, environmental protection tourism, rational tourism, intellectual tourism, responsible tourism, low-impact tourism, hard tourism, self-help tourism, backpacking tourism and steep slope tourism, advocate tourists to pay attention to hygiene, recycle garbage, protect animals and plants, do not buy, eat or harm animals and plants, respect the folk customs and religious beliefs of tourist destinations, and be civilized tourists.

Green propaganda

Extensively and persistently carry out publicity and education activities on the sustainable development of tourism, strengthen the popularization of ecological environmental protection, and improve the environmental awareness, ecological awareness and green tourism awareness of tourism managers, operators, tourists and residents of tourist destinations.

All kinds of tourist destinations, mainly natural eco-tourism destinations and cultural tourism destinations, set up tourism publicity and education centers and build classrooms to publicize and popularize cultural and scientific knowledge to tourists.

Carefully compile informative, scientific, popular and interesting tour guide words, so that tourists can be educated and enlightened unconsciously.

In scenic spots, forest parks, nature reserves, historical relics protection units, historical and cultural blocks, celebrities' former residences, places of interest, etc. , set up a scientific explanation tablet (card).

Through books, newspapers, radio, television, websites and other publicity information media, extensive and in-depth publicity of environmental protection knowledge, improve the environmental awareness of the whole people.

In areas and famous tourist cities where tourism is an important or pillar industry, tourism knowledge and environmental protection knowledge should be listed as the teaching contents of primary and secondary schools to enhance the tourism awareness and ecological environment awareness of the whole people.

Green training

For tourism development and design personnel, managers, managers, service personnel, logistics personnel, tour guides, etc., ecological education and green training are generally carried out, so that they have both tourism professional knowledge and skills and ecological environmental protection professional knowledge.

To train managers, the first thing is to train directors and cadres at all levels who are in charge of tourism.

We must never let "ecological blindness" manage, develop and manage tourism.

Tourism colleges and training institutions should take tourism environment and ecological protection as compulsory courses.

Green management

Formulate green hotel standards, green restaurant standards and other green tourism product quality standards, green tourism service standards and green tourism management standards that meet the requirements of sustainable development of tourism, so as to institutionalize, standardize and standardize the development, operation, consumption and management of green tourism.

Strengthen the construction of environmental protection institutions at all levels, improve the province's environmental monitoring network, and all tourist areas (spots) should have full-time or part-time personnel responsible for tourism resources and environmental protection.

Tourism authorities shall commend, reward and give preferential treatment to green enterprises and green scenic spots.

By using market mechanism and economic means, the behavior of tour operators and tourists can be influenced by means of taxation (such as tourism resource tax), environmental compensation (environmental protection fee), fines and compensation, so as to achieve the purpose of tourism resources and environmental protection.

Correctly handle the relationship between the number of tourists and tourism quality, the relationship between the number of tourists and per capita consumption, the relationship between the maximization of tourism income and the minimization of tourism resource consumption, the relationship between short-term growth and sustainable development, the relationship between extensive and intensive tourism economic development, extension and connotation, quantity and quality, speed and efficiency, and explore new ways of sustainable tourism.

Scientific and technological support

Make full use of modern scientific and technological achievements in tourism resources development and environmental protection, and adopt physical means, chemical means, biological means, engineering means and computer means to promote tourism resources and environmental protection; Strengthen the basic and applied research of tourism ecological environment protection, popularize advanced environmental protection technology, and increase scientific and technological investment in the sustainable development of tourism.

international cooperation

Carry out international exchanges and cooperation in various forms, fields and levels in education, training, planning, projects and financing of sustainable tourism development. Establish extensive contacts with international nature and cultural protection organizations such as UNESCO, UNDP, GEF, World Conservation Organization, IUCN, World Labor Committee, WWF, IUCN National Parks and Protected Areas Committee, East Asia Nature Conservation Research, Monitoring and Training Center, strengthen cooperation, establish an international cooperation mechanism for sustainable development, and establish a green tourism system in China with reference to international experience. In tourism enterprises, ISO 14000 environmental management system certification should be popularized to realize the integration of environmental management with international standards. "The road is long, Xiu Yuan, Xiu Yuan, and I will go up and down." . Judging from its long history, China's tourism industry has just started and has a long way to go. Establishing a green tourism system and taking the road of sustainable development has not really broken the problem. I want to teach my colleagues in the field of tourism and environmental protection on both sides of the strait with a single opinion.