What is the altitude difference between Shijiazhuang and Zhangjiakou?

The landforms of Shijiazhuang and Zhangjiakou are relatively complex, and the height difference is relatively large. Calculated based on the so-called location of the city, the average altitude difference between the two is 400 meters to 700 meters.

1. Shijiazhuang

1. Geographical location

Shijiazhuang City is located in the central and southern part of Hebei Province, bordering Hengshui to the east, Xingtai to the south, and Shanxi to the west The province is adjacent to Baoding City in the north and is 270 kilometers away from the capital Beijing. The longest north-south direction is 246 kilometers, the longest east-west direction is 211 kilometers, and the perimeter is 898 kilometers long. The total area under its jurisdiction is 20,235 square kilometers, of which the urban area is 2,206 square kilometers.

2. Topography

Shijiazhuang City spans two major landform units, the Taihang Mountains and the North China Plain. The western part is located in the middle section of the Taihang Mountains, accounting for about 50% of the total area of ??Shijiazhuang City. The eastern part is the Hutuo River alluvial plain. The geological structure within the jurisdiction belongs to the border zone between the Shanxi platform and the Bohai Depression. The terrain is low in the southeast and high in the northwest, with a large gap, and the landform is complex. The Taihang Mountains in the west are about 1,000 meters above sea level and the terrain is high. To the east of the Beijing-Guangzhou Railway is part of the North China Plain. The eastern plain belongs to the Taihang Mountains piedmont alluvial plain according to its origin. The altitude is generally 30-100 meters. Among them, Beipang Village in Xinji City has an altitude of 28 meters, which is the lowest point in the jurisdiction.

3. Climate

Shijiazhuang City is located on the eastern edge of the Eurasian continent at mid- to low-latitudes, close to the Bohai Sea of ??the Pacific Ocean, and has a temperate monsoon climate. The seasonal changes in solar radiation are significant, the high and low pressure activities on the ground are frequent, the four seasons are distinct, cold and hot, and rainfall is concentrated in summer and autumn. The dry and wet periods are obvious, with long summer and winter and short spring and autumn. Spring is about 55 days long, summer is about 105 days long, autumn is about 60 days long, and winter is about 145 days long. The annual average air humidity is 65%. There is less precipitation in spring, and there are often level 4 northerly or southerly winds. The temperature rises quickly in March and April. In summer, affected by the ocean temperature and humidity airflow, the precipitation in June, July, August, and September accounts for the entire year's precipitation. The weather is relatively humid, with the air humidity reaching 100% during the dog days of July and August. In autumn, affected by the Mongolian high pressure, the weather is sunny with little rain, the temperature is moderate, and the climate is pleasant, with an average air humidity of 78%. In late autumn, there are frequent northeasterly winds, and cold wave weather occurs; in winter, affected by the cold high pressure in Siberia, northwest winds prevail, and the climate is cooler, with clear skies and few clouds, and snowfall often occurs.

2. Zhangjiakou

1. Location and realm

Zhangjiakou is located at 113°50′～116°30′ east longitude and 39°30′～42°10 north latitude. '. It borders Chengde City, Hebei Province to the east, Beijing City to the southeast, Baoding City, Hebei Province to the south, Shanxi Province to the west and southwest, and Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region to the north and northwest. Zhangjiakou City is 289.2 kilometers long from north to south and 216.2 kilometers wide from east to west. It covers an area of ??36,800 square kilometers.

2. Topography

The terrain of Zhangjiakou City is high in the northwest and low in the southeast. The Yinshan Mountains run across the central part, dividing Zhangjiakou City into two parts: Upper Basin and Lower Basin. The Yanghe River and Sanggan River in the territory traverse Zhangjiakou City from east to west and merge into Guanting Reservoir. Zhangjiakou City belongs to two first-level tectonic units, the Inner Mongolia-Daxinganling fold system and the Sino-Korean quasi-platform. The Inner Mongolia-Daxingan Mountains fold system is a geosynclinal area that has developed for a long time from the Proterozoic to the end of the Paleozoic. It is only distributed in Kangbaobei, with a very small scope and scattered stratigraphic exposures.

The tectonic development process of the China-North Korea quasi-platform can be clearly divided into three major stages, reflecting the development and evolution law of active-stable-active crust. Zhangjiakou City mainly has 2 deep faults and 7 large faults.

The magmatic rocks in Zhangjiakou City are relatively developed, distributed over a large area, and have a complete range of rock types. There are 9 cycles of magmatic rocks. Each cycle starts with extrusive rocks and ends with mid-to-deep intrusive rocks. There are ultrabasic, basic, neutral, alkaline and acidic rocks, and various occurrences of bedrock, dikes, rock strains, rock walls and rock covers are complete.

The strata in Zhangjiakou City include the Lower Paleozoic Upper Ordovician, Upper Paleozoic Silurian, Devonian, Carboniferous, Upper Permian, Mesozoic Triassic, and Upper Cretaceous. In addition, strata from the Archaean to the Cenozoic are exposed, with a total thickness of 35,978 to 51,866 meters. The strata exposed in Zhangjiakou City also include a wide range of rock types, including not only Archean metamorphic rocks, Proterozoic, Paleozoic and Cenozoic sedimentary rocks, but also contact metamorphic rocks around intrusive bodies and local dynamic metamorphism. rocks, and migmatites formed by ultra-metamorphism. The magmatic rocks are mainly Mesozoic and Cenozoic extrusive rocks, Luliang Period, Hercynian Period, Yanshan Period granites and dykes of different lithologies.

Zhangjiakou City is divided into two completely different landform units.

① Bashang Plateau Area: including Taolizhuang in Shangyi County, Langwogou in Zhangbei County, Guyuan, Kangbao, Shangyi and Zhangbei counties north of the Dushikou line in Chicheng County The area belongs to the southern edge of the Inner Mongolia Plateau, accounting for 1/3 of the total area of ??Zhangjiakou. The altitude is generally around 1,400 meters. The terrain is higher in the south and lower in the north, with a specific height of less than 50 meters. Gangliang, Hunao and beach are alternately distributed, presenting a typical wavy plateau landscape. The hilly belt to the north of Kangbao County is the remaining branch of the Yinshan Mountains. In the southern edge of the plateau, there are corrugated mountains distributed with slightly higher terrain, with an altitude of more than 1,500 meters.

②Low and middle mountain basin under the dam: the terrain is high in the northwest and low in the southeast, with undulating mountains and crisscrossing valleys, with an altitude between 1,000 and 2,000 meters.

The main peak of Xiaowutai Mountain in Yu County is 2,882 meters above sea level, ranking first among the mountains in Hebei Province. There are larger intermountain basins arranged in a string of beads between the mountains. They mainly include: Yanghe Basin, Huaizhou Basin, Yuxian Basin, and Yangyuan Basin, with an altitude of 500 to 1,000 meters. There are rivers passing through the basins, and fertile farmland is distributed on both sides.

3. Climate

Zhangjiakou has a temperate continental monsoon climate. Its climate characteristics are: four distinct seasons throughout the year, with cold and long winters; dry and sandy springs; short, hot and rainy summers; sunny and moderately warm autumns. The Bashang area is rich in light resources and has a large temperature difference between day and night; rain and heat occur in the same season, and the climate is cool during the growing season; there are few high temperatures, high humidity, and hot weather. The Basia Valley Basin is distributed in the central area of ??Zhangjiakou City. The runoff of the Sanggan River and the Yang River forms the Basia Valley Basin. The altitude is generally 500 to 800 meters, and the terrain is low. The annual precipitation is 330 to 400 mm.