What are the functions of biological landscape in tourism?

First of all, in tourism, the role of biological landscape is mainly reflected in the "background". It is reflected in the extensive forests, grasslands and the animals and plants that inhabit them.

For example, there are more than 800 species of vascular plants in 92 families in Baihua Mountain in Beijing. More than 40 families 150 species of wild animals; There are 783 species and varieties of vascular plants 106 family, and 53 species and subspecies of wild animals 184 family. This just shows that these two nature reserves in Beijing are rich in species. People who come here for sightseeing can have the opportunity to see and discover these kinds of animals and plants and feel the breath, atmosphere and characteristics of nature reserves. However, you don't want to see so many kinds of animals and plants when you visit these two places. This is because plant species are widely distributed, and the same mountain range is from valley to top, from forest to gap; Each plant has its own flowering period and fruiting period, which are different from each other; All kinds of plants grow in a mixed state, which is difficult for ordinary tourists to identify. Animals are more mobile, such as swimming and migration. Visitors can't see everything at a certain time and place. Therefore, the richness of animal and plant resources is only appreciated as the background of the landscape, which is one of the reasons why people in ancient China seldom describe every animal and plant one by one. With the development of modern science, new tourists with modern scientific and cultural knowledge will realize unique and novel views in this field.

Second, although the biological landscape appears in the form of "big background", it is the most colorful, changeable and dynamic part of all background materials.

Landscape geology, landforms, water bodies, climate and astronomical phenomena in natural tourism resources are all inanimate substances. Although the landscape composed of them is dynamic and static, most of them belong to the natural evolution process of internal and external forces on the earth, so this kind of "dynamic" is lifeless. Only the existence of animals and plants can increase the vitality and aura of life in nature and become an ever-changing landscape complex full of vitality. If you travel to the countryside in Beijing, you will see many deciduous broad-leaved forests wherever you are. With the change of the seasons, their shapes and colors have undergone fascinating changes. In spring, trees and flowers grow new buds, leaves, flowers and fragrance; In summer, the earth is covered with green shade and the fields are full of green; In autumn, leaves turn yellow and red, and fruits are covered with branches, forming a colorful golden autumn world; In winter, the vegetation withers, and the spatial visibility is enhanced. When it rains and snows, the mountains are covered with silver and crystal clear, which is in sharp contrast with summer. In the summer months, all kinds of wild flowers bloom in batches in the meadow area of Beijing mountainous area, and some areas will change different scenes three or four times. In a word, the distinctive climate in Beijing all year round makes the landscape of this land change both regularly and wonderfully, giving people a variety of visual, intuitive and changeable aesthetic feelings. There are different rare birds and animals or ornamental insects living in the environmental space. This dynamic change of beauty is exactly the different gas fields that residents feel when they travel in the four seasons. It can be seen that the role of garden plants in tourism is enormous and countless. Animals are the dynamic carriers of landscapes. Thousands of animals, birds, bees and butterflies are running, flying or singing between the dense forest and the undulating Yuan Ye. Fish, shrimp and amphibians swim or jump in the sparkling water and fields, turning an inanimate world into a lively one. Therefore, from the perspective of tourism, all scenic creatures with ornamental significance are natural elements that decorate rivers and mountains, create landscapes and cultivate landscapes, and are the most dynamic and aesthetic.

Thirdly, landscape animals and plants have more tourism functions than other natural tourism resources.

This is because there are many species, genera and quantities of animals and plants, which can adapt to different environments. There are plants and animals everywhere on the ground, in the soil, underwater and in the air. Each creature has its own characteristics such as ecology, habits, color and shape, which can meet people's various ornamental mentality and functional needs such as entertainment, fitness, investigation and eating. For example, ornamental plants have the function of ornamental flowers, leaves, shapes and fruits; Ornamental animals have the functions of observing shape, color, posture and singing. Besides these sightseeing functions, plants can also be used to create secluded places, villas and small courtyards for human beings. Use animals for fishing, hunting, rounding up, gathering and other activities. In order to achieve various spiritual needs that are beneficial to people's physical and mental health, increase knowledge, broaden their horizons, cultivate sentiment, develop spiritual civilization and other social and economic purposes.

Fourthly, garden animals and plants are living organisms, which have the characteristics of adapting to the natural environment and maintaining their heredity, and have the possibility of being cultivated, raised, introduced and domesticated by human beings. Therefore, landscape animals and plants also have the possibility of moving and combining in tourism landscaping.

As we all know, any kind of animals and plants have their own process of occurrence and evolution, which is reflected in the biological characteristics of their ancestors in their lives. Therefore, in order to make it live and reproduce normally and give full play to its inherent advantages, people can only develop or create the inherent environment conducive to reproduction according to local conditions. For example, we can know the phenological characteristics of plants, such as bud stage, flowering stage, fruit stage, defoliation and its conditions, and the biological characteristics of animals, such as rest, activity, food addiction, estrus and reproduction, so as to achieve the purpose of introduction in different places. In addition, due to the plasticity of biological life and people's initiative to create the environment, it can also be introduced from local or slightly distant places according to the principle of timely adaptation and gradual adaptation to variation, so as to meet the broad and contrasting mentality of people in different regions. In fact, many garden trees and flowers we see today rely on artificial cultivation and introduction to play their tourism and ornamental roles; Many artificial zoos allow animals to survive and breed in artificially created environments or environments that simulate the ecological conditions of such animals to meet the requirements of tourism activities. Botanical gardens and zoos, for example, are the concrete manifestations of human beings' comprehensive beautification of these creatures, such as cultivation, feeding, introduction and domestication.

Therefore, the biological landscape may form an independent scenic spot. With a wide variety of vegetation types as the background stage, it will be a new topic with broad prospects in the future forest park tourism planning to open up special forests or rare tree species, ancient and famous trees, exotic flowers and rare plants and animals as independent attractions for tourists to visit.