When is the best time to visit Nanjing Jinghai Temple?

The best time for Jinghai Temple in Nanjing: Nanjing has a subtropical humid climate, with an annual average temperature of 15.3℃ and an annual precipitation of1106.5 mm. The rainy season is from mid-June to early July. Nanjing was once known as the "stove". The extreme maximum temperature in July and August is sometimes as high as 40℃, usually around 35℃. But in recent years, Nanjing has become an advanced city with a national greening rate of over 30%, so more and more people travel to Nanjing in summer. "Hot in summer and cold in winter" is a remarkable climate feature of Nanjing compared with other cities in the south of the Yangtze River. Usually 65438+2 In the snow has the most opportunities. If you happen to encounter heavy snow in Nanjing, it is also charming, and the snow scene in Jiangnan is even more charming.

Nanjing Jinghai Temple recommended by treaty of nanking in those days. With the completion of the expansion project of the ancient temple, the vicissitudes of Jinghai Temple will welcome the return of Hong Kong with a brand-new look.

Jinghai Temple is an ancient temple built by Hayes Jingbo, which is located at the southern foot of Lion Mountain outside Zhong Xing Gate in Shimonoseki, and the Jehol Road is beyond the building. Its construction originated from Zheng He's voyage to the West in the Ming Dynasty.

There are two opinions about when Jinghai Temple was built. One theory is that it was built for the ancestors of the Ming Dynasty. When Zheng He returned from his third voyage to the Western Ocean (the seventh year of Yongle1409) (141year), Judy, the founding emperor of the Ming Dynasty, showed that Zheng He had a strong national strength and made great contributions to "overseas clothing". At the same time, in order to worship the Luohan statue, Buddha's tooth and jade play brought back by Zheng He, rare tree species such as Xifu Haitang were planted and Jinghai Temple was built.

In recent years, Zhong Yan questioned this theory, arguing that Jinghai Temple was built when Zheng He was guarding Nanjing in the first year of Hongxi reign of Emperor Renzong of Ming Dynasty, and it was named Jinghai because Judy ordered Zheng He to sail and was a saint of Emperor Taizong of Zhao. Regarding the theory that "the ancestors built houses", Zhong Yan believed that it was caused by some local chroniclers' misunderstanding of the previous local chronicles since the late Qing Dynasty. Ming Chengzu died in 1424, when Zheng He returned from six voyages to the Western Ocean. After Zhu Gaochi, Emperor Renzong of Ming Dynasty, succeeded to the throne, the enthusiasm for sending ships to sail seemed to be inferior to that of his ancestors, so Zheng He was appointed as the garrison in Nanjing. Regardless of whether Jinghai Temple was built at this time, Zheng He lived in Jinghai Temple at this time.

When it was first built, Jinghai Temple was large in scale, including Daxiong Hall, Tianwang Hall, Buddha, Guanyin, Galand, Lunzang, Maitreya, Fangzheng, etc., surrounded by buildings and landscapes such as Bell Tower, Jingting Pavilion, Guanyin Pavilion, Huayan Building, Xianyan Pavilion and Sansuyan, with an area of more than 20,000 square meters. /kloc-In the middle of the 6th century, Li Shizhen compiled Compendium of Materia Medica and traveled all over the world. I have visited overseas medicinal materials such as frankincense, myrrh and dragon's blood in Jinghai Temple. Jinghai Temple, known as the "crown of Jinling Fa Temple", is famous in history at this time.

Jinghai Temple, as stipulated in treaty of nanking, had its glory, but when history entered the modern society of China, it suffered great shame. China's first unequal treaty, the treaty of nanking, was negotiated here.

1In June of 840, British colonists launched a war of aggression against China to protect dirty opium smuggling. Patriotic soldiers and civilians gave the invaders a head-on blow, while Daoguang was indecisive and made peace blindly. In order to meet the unreasonable demands of forcing China to cede territory, pay reparations and trade, the British army invaded the north from the coast of Zhejiang in June 1842. On August 10, more than 10,000 invading troops led by Henry Pottinger, the British Plenipotentiary, and Bhagat, the commander of the navy 1 0, invaded Caoxiexia area outside the throttle of Xiaguan instrument in Nanjing by more than 70 ships. The rumble of guns pierced the calm river, and Pu Dingcha used both force and negotiation. At the same time, soldiers were sent ashore to harass and rob the people, set up cannons and threatened to attack the emergency exit by Zhongshan. On the other hand, it means that the problem can be solved through consultation.

Under the pressure of the British invaders, Daoguang appointed Zhang Jian, general of Hangzhou, and Ilib, deputy commander of Zhapu, as imperial envoys to negotiate in Nanjing. The negotiations were conducted in two stages. The first stage is from August 12 to August 19, and the representatives of both parties participate in the negotiations at a lower level. On the morning of June 12, Chinese representative Sheng Jingzuo led Tafenbu and the British ship on the river to meet Chen Zhigang, who was greeted by the British side and Robert Yong. After they sat down in the boat, Ma Lixun proposed. There is a Jinghai Temple not far from here, so it is better to discuss it in the temple. Zhang Xi replied: "Jinghai Temple may not be clean." Rob Yong went on to say, "The temple is not clean, just dust. Just ask the monk to clean it. " So Tafenbu and others first went to Jinghai Temple to wait. After changing clothes, Ma Lixun and his party arrived at Jinghai Temple on 1 1 and held talks in the temple for three consecutive days.

The second stage of the negotiations is from August 20th to 29th. China and Britain held a high-level meeting. On August 29th, my husband and Niu Jian boarded the British warship "Cornwallis" anchored on the Shimonoseki River and signed the treaty of nanking, demanding reparations and humiliating the country. According to the treaty, Hong Kong was ceded to Britain, and China opened five ports in Guangzhou, Fuzhou, Xiamen, Ningbo and Shanghai, with an indemnity of 2 1 20,000 silver. On September 6th, Daoguang ratified the treaty. The arrogant Qing court wrote the words "granted by the Qing emperor" everywhere in the treaty, which really made people laugh and cry. Treaty of nanking, a heavy yoke imposed on the Chinese nation by foreign invaders. It seriously damaged China's independence and sovereignty, and opened the door for western capitalist powers to enslave China.

After the signing of the treaty, the husband and Ileb actually slaughtered pigs and sheep in Jinghai Temple, hosted a banquet for the British army, and sent wine and food to the British army guarding the warship. Jinghai Temple has become a historical witness of the great humiliation suffered by the Chinese nation.

After vicissitudes of life to welcome the return to China, Jinghai Temple has experienced vicissitudes. During the Xianfeng period of Qing Dynasty (1851-1861) and during the Japanese invasion of Nanjing in February 1937, the main hall building disappeared, leaving only ruins and several monk rooms. Its rise and fall silently tells the story of the humiliation of the Chinese nation for a hundred years.

1986, in order to preserve this historical relic, the Nanjing Municipal People's Government decided to rebuild the temple in imitation of the Ming Dynasty. A new temple and a hall of great heroes were built on the ruins, and a monk's room was restored, covering an area of 628 square meters. The restoration project was designed by Professor Pan, an ancient architecture expert from Southeast University.

The rebuilt Jinghai Temple is open to the public as a historical exhibition hall of treaty of nanking. 1992 was listed as a cultural relic protection unit in Nanjing and later became a patriotic education base. The content of the exhibition hall is divided into "smoke moves northward and invades the Yangtze River"; "Making peace and discussing peace, losing power and humiliating the country"; The history of the Opium War is described in three parts: "A hundred years of vicissitudes never forget national humiliation". The exhibition room * * * displays pictures, historical materials, photos and objects 173 pieces, with a line length of 50 meters, including photos of treaty signatures and the full text of treaty of nanking. 1996 On the occasion of the first anniversary of Hong Kong's return to China, people from all walks of life in Nanjing held commemorative activities in Jinghai Temple to wash away the century-old shame and celebrate the glorious future together. Before the China government resumed the exercise of sovereignty over Hong Kong, a countdown sign was erected in front of Jinghai Temple. 1996165438+10, the governments of Jiangsu province and Nanjing will invest 3.05 million yuan to expand the total construction area of Jinghai Temple to10/0 square meters, and set up five main and auxiliary exhibition halls behind the existing slant hall to build a number of three floors in Ming and Qing dynasties. We also made the model, sand table and wax figure of the warship "Kanghuali" where the Treaty was signed, which enriched the display of the historical materials of treaty of nanking by means of sound, light and electricity, and also showed the 1.842 to 1.949 which China was forced to sign. Surrounded by a veranda pavilion, the monuments of the Southern Song Dynasty, the cliff left by the famous anti-Jin scholar Yu and the palace monument, one of the only two Ming Dynasty monuments in Nanjing, are connected in series to form the Zheng He Memorial Hall, and the Yuejiang Building in Lion Mountain behind the temple is integrated with it, which makes the cultural relics of Jinghai Temple site more concentrated. The expansion work is still presided over by Professor Pan, and Jinghai Temple will welcome the return of Hong Kong with a brand-new look on 1 July, 19971day.

Zhongshan is speechless, and the Yangtze River testifies. Jinghai Temple, which has experienced vicissitudes, always reminds us: Never forget the national humiliation and revitalize China.

In the small courtyard of Jinghai Temple leading to the exit of treaty of nanking historical materials exhibition hall, an antique bronze clock hangs high. With the modern media, the rich and loud bells resounded all over the country, and the simple and elegant shapes attracted thousands of people's attention through the TV screen. This bronze bell, made with donations from primary and middle school students in Nanjing and people from all walks of life, aims to remind people not to forget the century-old national humiliation of the Qing government ceding Hong Kong and inspire people to create a brilliant future with bells. So it was named Jing Shi Zhong.

This clock is made of bronze and weighs 3.5 tons. The bell looks like Ming style, simple and dignified, consistent with the architectural style of Jinghai Temple and harmonious with the courtyard environment. The bell height1.842m is intended to remind the world that the first unequal treaty in China's modern history was humiliating and humiliating. In 65,438+0,842, the British treaty of nanking was coerced into agreeing at Jinghai Temple. There is a fireball 7. 1 cm high at the top of the bell, which means that Hong Kong will return to the motherland in July 1 year. There are 12 pigeons on the bell shoulder, which symbolizes that the people of China1200 million love peace forever. Above the bell skirt are two dragons, symbolizing the mother rivers of the Chinese nation, the Yangtze River and the Yellow River. All descendants of the Chinese people are descendants of dragons. Between the two dragons is the city flower of Nanjing-a blooming plum blossom, which is the impact point of the bell. When I hit here, the majestic bell echoed over Jinghai Temple for a long time; A palindrome surrounds the bell, symbolizing the blood connection between Hong Kong and the motherland, and describing the feelings of hundreds of millions of people celebrating the return of Hong Kong. On the back of the clock, there is an eternal motto inscribed by the famous calligrapher Wu Zhongqi, "Never forget the past and be a teacher in the future"; On the front of the bell, there are three Chinese characters inscribed by Chen Huanyou, secretary of jiangsu provincial party committee. There are 572 words of inscriptions by Wei Ti on both sides of the clock, describing the vicissitudes from being forced to sign treaty of nanking to 1997.