What is the length, width and height of the Great Wall?

The standard length of the Great Wall is 6,300 kilometers, with an average height of 7.8 meters, and some sections are as high as 14 meters. Where the mountain is steep, the building is low, and the flat place is high; The key places are higher, and the general places are lower.

The wall body is the main part of defending the enemy, with a relatively wide total thickness, a foundation width of 6.5 meters and an average floor width of 5.8 meters on the wall, so as to ensure that the two wagons run in parallel. The wall is composed of an outer eave wall and an inner eave wall, filled with soil and gravel.

Extended data:

The defense engineering building of the Great Wall has accumulated rich experience in the construction process of more than two thousand years.

First of all, in terms of layout, when Qin Shihuang built the Great Wall in Wan Li, he summarized the important experience of "blocking roads because of dangerous terrain", and then Sima Qian wrote in Historical Records. After that, every dynasty built the Great Wall according to this principle, which became an important basis for military protection.

All the passes in Guancheng are built between two high mountains and canyons, or at the bend of a river, or where they will pass through the plain, which can not only control the danger, but also save manpower and material resources, and achieve the effect of "one person guards it, and ten thousand people can't force it". Building castles or beacon towers in dangerous places is also an option.

As for building city walls, we should make full use of the terrain. For example, Juyongguan, Badaling and other Great Walls are all built along the back of the mountain. Some sections are steep from the outside of the city wall, but very gentle inside, which has the effect of "easy to defend but difficult to attack".

In Liaoning Province, the Great Wall in Liaodong Town in Ming Dynasty had a kind of dangerous mountain wall and split mountain wall, that is, a steep cliff was used to split the cliff slightly to form the Great Wall. Some places completely regard cliffs, rivers and lakes as natural barriers.

Based on the principle of "using local materials and teaching students in accordance with their aptitude", many structural methods have been created. There are rammed earth, rubble, masonry and other structures; In the desert, willow branches, reeds and sand grains are also used, and this section of the Great Wall of the Western Han Dynasty more than 2,000 years ago is still preserved in Yumenguan, Yangguan, Xinjiang and other places in Gansu.

With the progress of social productive forces and the continuous development of brick-making technology, the output of brick products in Ming Dynasty increased greatly, and they were no longer precious building materials. Therefore, the inner and outer eaves of the Great Wall in the Ming Dynasty were all made of huge bricks. Under the condition of manual construction and manual handling of building materials at that time, it was not only convenient to build the city wall with bricks with small weight and the same size, but also improved the construction rate and level.

Secondly, the gates of many passes are long-span arches made of blue bricks. Although some of these blue bricks have been severely weathered, the whole gate is still magnificent, showing the superb skills of building arches at that time. Judging from the architectural decoration of the Guanta Tower, many stone carvings and brick carvings are extremely complicated and elaborate, reflecting the artistic talent of craftsmen at that time.