Science popularization of Zika virus knowledge

Zika virus mainly depends on the bite of Aedes mosquitoes infected with the virus, but also through mother-to-child transmission and blood and sexual transmission. The following is what I compiled for your reference and understanding. I hope you like it!

What is Zika virus?

Zika is a Ugandan word "Zika", which means "weed". 1947, scientists caught some monkeys in Uganda and put them in cages for the study of yellow fever. One of the monkeys suddenly had a fever. Scientists isolated a virus from this monkey. Because these monkeys grow in weeds in Uganda, scientists named the virus "Zika virus". 1948, Zika virus was isolated from local Aedes africanus. Serological studies have confirmed that humans may also be infected. Zika virus belongs to flavivirus family and is closely related to Japanese encephalitis virus, dengue virus and West Nile virus. 1956 Animal experiments prove that Zika virus is transmitted through mosquito bites. Later investigation found that Zika virus was widely spread in animals, especially monkeys, in some countries and regions in Africa and South Asia.

What is the prevalence of Zika virus in humans?

65438-0954, three cases of human Zika virus infection were first diagnosed in Nigeria. However, this virus rarely infected humans before. From the discovery of the virus to 2007, only 14 cases of human infection were confirmed. From April to July, 2007, 185 patients in Yap Island, Micronesia in the western Pacific developed fever, headache, rash, conjunctivitis and joint pain. Among them, 49 cases were confirmed in the laboratory, and 59 cases were suspected cases of Zika virus infection, which was the largest Zika virus infection epidemic in human history, but no serious patients were hospitalized or died.

After 2007, Thailand, Cambodia, Indonesia and several countries in the Pacific often had sporadic cases, but there was no epidemic. Since 20 14, Zika virus has attracted people's attention again. Zika virus broke out in French Polynesia from 20 13 to 20 14, and it is estimated that it infected local residents 1 1%. Since then, Zika virus has spread in many countries outside Africa and Asia, causing many human infections. The recent epidemic mainly occurred in South America, Brazil, Colombia and other countries. 2065438+051October 0,165438, the World Health Organization reported 4 cases of Zika virus infection in Suriname.

What are the manifestations of Zika virus infection? How to treat after getting sick?

Zika virus is transmitted between humans and animals through mosquito bites, which is a zoonotic disease. The human disease caused by Zika virus is called "Zika fever". It takes about 3 ~ 12 days to get sick after mosquito bites. Zika fever is mainly characterized by mild fever, headache, fatigue, rash, joint pain and conjunctivitis, swelling of palms and soles, chapped lips and red tongue like strawberries. Its clinical manifestations are very similar to dengue fever and chikungunya fever, and both are spread by mosquito bites, and the epidemic areas are similar, which is easy to cause misdiagnosis and often requires laboratory serological examination to make a diagnosis.

Zika fever is a self-limiting disease, and there is no specific drug treatment. After the onset, we mainly rely on symptomatic treatment and rest. Symptoms usually improve by themselves in 2-7 days without hospitalization. People can obtain lasting lifelong immunity after infection, and there is no report of reinfection after infection.

How to prevent Zika virus infection?

The prevention of Zika virus infection is similar to dengue fever, mainly to eliminate mosquitoes and prevent mosquito bites. The mosquito that spreads Zika virus is Aedes aegypti, which likes to breed in pots, cans, tiles, cans or potholes in indoor and outdoor corners. Therefore, it is necessary to "rummage through the cabinets and remove stagnant water" to eliminate the breeding grounds of Aedes mosquitoes.

At present, there are no reports of Zika virus infection cases in China, but visitors to countries or regions where Zika virus is prevalent should pay attention to preventing mosquito bites. "People also: