Brief introduction of Wang Wei

Wang Wei (70 1-76 1, 699-76 1), a native of Zhou Pu, Hedong (now Yuncheng, Shanxi), was a famous poet and painter in the Tang Dynasty, with the word "Mosha" and the name "Mosha Jushi". There are now more than 400 poems, including Acacia and Autumn Night in the Mountain. Influenced by Zen Buddhism, he is proficient in Buddhism, poetry, books, painting, music and so on. Together with Meng Haoran, they are called "Wang Meng".

Su Shi commented: "Poetry is full of paintings; Look at the picture, there are poems in the picture. "

First of all, the profile of the character

Born in Zhou Pu (now Yuncheng yongji city) in 70 1 year. In the ninth year of Kaiyuan (72 1), Zhong Jinshi was appointed as Tai Lecheng, and was demoted as the treasurer of Jeju Army because of the involvement of actors who danced yellow lions. In the 23rd year of Kaiyuan, Zhang Jiuling was in power, and he was appointed as the right to collect remains. The following year, he was moved to the frontier and was ordered to serve as our envoy in Liangzhou Hexi. After that, I was half-official and half-hidden. After the Anshi Rebellion was arrested, he was forced to assume a false post, and after the war subsided, he was jailed. When he was captured, he wrote Ning Bichi to express the pain of national subjugation and the feeling of missing the imperial court, and because his brother Wang Jin made meritorious service and asked to cut books for his brother's atonement, he was pardoned and reduced to Prince Zhongyun. Later, he moved to Zhongshu and gave up his family. In the end, the minister was right.

His talent is very early. He is both a poet and a Zen master. Born into a devout Buddhist family, according to his book Please Make Shizhuang a Temple Watch, "My mother died, so Cui Shi, king of Boling County, was a teacher in his thirties." In Volume 25 of Notes on Wang Youcheng, there is an article "Ta Ming, a Buddhist monk in Dajianfu Temple", which describes the relationship between the poet and Daoguang Zen Master, a famous contemporary Buddhist monk: "Ten years later", it can be seen that Wang Wei really has an indissoluble bond with Buddhism and lived a monk-like life in his later years. According to "Old Tang Book", "In the capital, I spent quite a long time in Zhai, and I was taught not to wear clothes. I want to measure emptiness with tiny details, and I have nothing to do with it. I just want to focus on the relics. " More than a dozen monks, such as Cai, enjoy private conversations every day. They have nothing but a teapot and a mortar in the lent and are tied to the bed. After retiring from the DPRK, he burned incense and sat alone, taking Zen as his career. "This time, Wang Wei is like a monk.

As his younger brother, Kim, who is one year younger than him, has been very clever since childhood. At the age of fifteen, he went to Beijing to take an exam. Because he can write good poems, be good at calligraphy and painting, and have a talent for music, Wang Wei, a teenager, immediately became the darling of princes and nobles in Beijing. As for his talent in music, a supplement to Tang Shi once told a story: once, a man got a painting to play music, but he didn't know why he was named after it. Wang Wei looked at it and replied, "This is the first shot of the third colorful feather." Ask a musician to play, and it's exactly the same (according to the research of Shen Kuo's Meng Qian Bi Tan Volume 17 "Calligraphy and Painting", the third "colorful feather" is not a shot, but a Sanqu, and Bai Juyi's sentence "The middle sequence breaks into a shot" can also illustrate this point. Shen Kuo is proficient in temperament, and his words are credible. Wang Weigong's temperament is recorded in the official history, but this story is fabricated.

In the poem, there are written materials written by him at the age of fifteen, seventeen and eighteen. It can be seen that he was already a famous poet when he was a teenager. This is rare among poets. In the aristocratic hereditary society at that time, a versatile person would naturally be appreciated by Wei. So, at the age of twenty-one, he was admitted to Jinshi.

After becoming an official, Wang Wei used his leisure time in officialdom to build a villa at the foot of the South Blue Sky Mountain in Beijing to cultivate his self-cultivation. The owner of this villa is Song Wenzhi, a poet in the early Tang Dynasty. This is a very vast place, with mountains and lakes, Woods and valleys, and some houses scattered among them. At this time, Wang Wei and his intimate friends lived a leisurely life. This is his semi-official and semi-secluded life.

Wang Wei, who has been living a comfortable life, was involved in unexpected waves in his later years. An Shi Rebellion broke out in the 14th year of Tianbao in Xuanzong of Tang Dynasty (755). In the war, he was captured by the thief army and forced to be a fake official. However, this became a serious problem after the war subsided, so he was handed over to the company for trial. He defected to the rebels and deserved to be beheaded. Fortunately, in the chaos, he wrote a poem longing for the son of heaven. In addition, his younger brother, who was an assistant minister of punishments at that time (fled with the emperor), begged him to exchange his official position for his younger brother's life, so Wang was spared and was only demoted. Later, he was promoted to Shangshu Youcheng.

Wang Wei had positive political ambitions in his early years, hoping to make a great career. Later, the political situation changed, and he gradually became depressed, fasting and chanting Buddha. In his forties, he deliberately built a villa in Wangchuan, Lantian County, southeast of Chang 'an, and lived a semi-official and semi-secluded life on Zhong Nanshan Mountain. A Message from a Farewell to Wangchuan is a chapter in the poet's seclusion life. Its main content is "expressing ambition", which expresses the poet's desire to stay away from the secular and continue to live in seclusion. The scenery in the poem is not deliberately laid out, natural and fresh, as if it is handy, and the distant place is self-evident and has profound connotations.

Wang Wei's achievements in poetry are various, including frontier poems, landscape poems, metrical poems and quatrains.

Second, the main works

Most of Wang Wei's poems are idyllic, depicting natural beauty and revealing leisure interest in his leisure life. Wang Wei's landscape poems, usually in the form of five laws and five sentences, are short in length, delicate in language and soothing in syllables, which are especially suitable for expressing the tranquility of landscapes and the poet's leisurely mood. After middle age, Wang Wei became increasingly depressed and sought sustenance in Buddhism and landscapes. He claimed that "silence is joy, and there is much leisure in this life" ("Fanbu Busan Monk"). This state of mind has been fully reflected in his poetry creation. In the past, many people admired Wang Wei's poems, on the one hand, because of his high artistic skills, on the other hand, because of his leisure and negative thoughts. In the Ming Dynasty, Hu Yinglin called Wang Wei's five-line poem "Zen", and said that two poems, Bird-singing Creek and Wu Xinyi, "I forgot my life experience after reading them, and my thoughts were all silent" (poems), which is proof. Legend of Snow Scene is Wang Wei's farewell, travel and other works, and there are often some beautiful sentences describing the scenery, such as "Far trees lead, the sunset is red in the distant city" ("Money falls first") and "One night in Shan Yu, thousands of valleys fly to the Silk Waterfall" ("To Li Shi in Zizhou"). And the tide comes to the sky "("seeing Guizhou off ") and" Lonely Desert ".

Join the Army, Travel in Longxi, Yan Fenke, Hunting Observation, Frontier Conquest and Frontier Conquest are all magnificent works. "The Song of the Dragon's Head" and "The Journey of the Old General" express the sadness that the generals are not rewarded for their meritorious service, and reflect one aspect of the internal contradictions of the feudal ruling class. "Hunting" vividly describes the hunting scene. Yimenge

Praise the chivalrous spirit of historical figures. The four poems in A Boy's Journey show chivalry, boldness, vivid images and smooth brushwork. These works are generally believed to have been written by Wang Wei in his early years. There are also some poems, such as Fu on Four Sages, Fu on Allegory, Fu on Unfortunate Encounter, etc., which were written when eunuchs relegated to Jeju. The fifth of Six Chances, Zhao Nv Yan Ya, expressed indignation at the unreasonable phenomenon that the rich nobles dominated the official career and the talented people were frustrated, and reflected some dark sides of feudal politics in Kaiyuan and Tianbao periods. Luoyang Galand Ji, Xi Shi Yong and Zhuliguan express their feelings and satire on the dignitaries through comparison. Women's sufferings are described in Mrs Xi and Ban Jieyu. They are sad and have certain social significance. Some lyric poems that give gifts to relatives and friends and describe daily life, such as Farewell, Friend, I once watched you go down the mountain, Seeing Li off at Lingaotai, Seeing the Second Envoy of Yuan Anxi, Seeing Shen Zifu off to Hedong, Missing Shandong Brothers on the Mountain for the holidays, Acacia, Miscellaneous Poems, You from the Old Country, and so on, are thousands of. "Send Yuan 20 An Xi" and "Acacia" were broadcast as music at that time and were widely sung. These poems are all five-character quatrains or seven-character quatrains, with sincere feelings, beautiful and natural language and simple and profound beauty, which can be compared with Li Bai and Wang Changling and represent the highest achievement of quatrains in the prosperous Tang Dynasty.

Third, painting.

Landscape theory

Every painting of mountains and rivers is done on purpose. The foot of Zhangshan Mountain is a tree. Far people have no eyes and far trees have no branches. There are no stones in the distant mountains,

Wang Weihua

Faint as an eyebrow; Far water without waves, as high as a cloud. This is a tactic.

The mountain height is blocked by clouds, the stone wall is blocked by springs, and the road is blocked. Stones look at three sides, roads look at two ends, trees look at the head, and water looks at the foot of the wind. This is the law.

Where landscapes are painted, the top is flat, the cliffs are steep, the rocks are hanging, the mountains are round and the roads are clear. The one sandwiched between two mountains is called he ye, the one sandwiched between two mountains and water is called Sword Leaf, and the one as high as a mountain is called Ling Ye, which is extremely flat. According to this person, it seems to be rough.

The viewer looks at the weather first, and then distinguishes the turbidity. Set the direction of the two sides and list the prestige of the peaks. Too much is chaotic, too little is slow, and too little is far and near. The distant mountain shall not be connected with the near mountain, and the distant water shall not be connected with the near water. Built on the mountainside, the temple house can keep safe; Broken banks and dams, small bridges. Where there is a road, there are trees, where there is a shore, there are corners, there are ancient crossings, where there is no water, there are smoke trees, where there is water, there are sails, and where there is forest, there are houses. Ancient trees facing rocks, broken roots and tangled vines; Facing the stone embankment, it is strange and stained with water.

The place where the tree is painted is far flat and close, tender and soft with leaves and hard without leaves. Pine skin is like scales, and cypress skin covers it. People who live on soil have long roots and straight stems, while people who live on stones are bent and lonely. There are many ancient festivals, half-dead, cold forests and bleak.

Rain distinguishes between heaven and earth and things. There is wind and no rain, just look at the branches. Windless rain, low-pressure tree head, pedestrian's umbrella, fisherman's hemp fiber. When it rains, the sky is blue, the fog is light, the mountains are green and moist, and the sun is oblique.

Early in the morning, Qian Shan is early in the morning, with a slight mist, hazy waning moon and coma. In the evening scene, the mountains are covered with red sun, the sails in the river are rolling, pedestrians are in a hurry, and firewood is half covered.

In spring, the fog locks the smoke cage, the long smoke leads to the element, the water is like blue dye, and the mountains are gradually clear. Summer scenery is covered with ancient trees, green water without waves, passing through clouds and waterfalls, and close to the water tower. Autumn scenery, the sky is watery, there are dense forests, wild geese and autumn water, and the green island Sha Ting. In winter, the land is borrowed for snow, the woodcutter pays for it, the fishing boat docks, and the water is shallow and flat. To draw a landscape painting, you must press four points. Or smoke cage fog lock, or Chu return, or autumn dawn, or ancient burial broken monument, or Dongting spring scenery, or desolate and charming road. And so on, it is called painting.

The top of the mountain is different, and the head of the tree is different. The mountain is a clothing tree, and the tree is a bone mountain. Trees should not be numerous, but should see the beauty of mountains; The mountain must not be chaotic, and it must show the spirit of the mountain. What can do this is a landscape painting painted by famous artists.

Landscape strategy

Among Fu's paintings, ink painting is the best. The essence of nature is the work of nature. Or a painting in the distance, write a scene thousands of miles away. East, west, north and south, Waner is currently; Spring, summer, autumn and winter, born in pen. When the water is first laid, avoid floating mountains; Don't take a continuous road if there are different roads. The main peak should be towering, and the guest mountain should be rushing. Back to the monk's house, you can be safe, and people on land and water can buy it. Several trees are planted in the village to form a forest branch; Cliffs merge into water and waterfalls, but springs don't flow randomly. The ferry should only be silent, and pedestrians should be sparse. Boating bridge should be majestic; Fishing with a fisherman's boat can do no harm if it is lower. Between the steep cliffs, it's really strange; The road to cliffs and rocks. The cave in the distance meets the clouds, and the water in the sky shines in the distance. Mountain hook lock, the most out of its along the stream; When the road is in danger, the plank road can stay here. Flat terraces, preferring Gaoliu people; Famous mountains and temples, elegant pavilions, lined with strange trees. Vision smoke cage, deep rock cloud lock. The wine flag should be hung high on the road and the passenger sail should be hung low in the water. The mountains in the distance should be low, and the trees nearby should be pulled up. In addition to calligraphy inkstone, sometimes the game is samadhi. Time is long and quite subtle. Wise men don't talk much, but good scholars follow the rules.

The top of the tower is towering, so you don't need to see the temple. There seems to be nothing, either rising or falling. Party piled up mound, half exposed under the eaves; The thatched cottage and green pavilion are slightly lemon-shaped. The mountain has eight sides and the stone has three sides. Don't be like grass in idle clouds, the picture is only one inch long, and the pine and cypress are two feet long today.

draw

Su Shi once said: "There are paintings in poetry, which are fascinating; Look at the picture, there are poems in the picture. " (Dongpo's inscription, calligraphy and painting in Lantian) At the same time, Yin Kun commented on Wang Weizhi's poem in his "He Yueling Photo Collection": "A pearl is made in spring and a painting is made on the wall."

Wang Wei is not only outstanding in literary talent, but also an excellent painter who is good at music. His profound artistic accomplishment, love for nature and long-term experience of living in the mountains make him have a keen, unique and nuanced feeling for the beauty of nature. Therefore, the landscape scenery in his works is particularly full of charm, often slightly exaggerated, showing a deep and long artistic conception, which is intriguing. His poems are very picturesque, with bright colors and a combination of motion and static, especially good at showing the changes of light color and sound in nature in detail. For example, the torrent buzzes on the piled rocks, but the light becomes dim in the dense pine trees (Qingxi), the brook sings on the winding rocks, the sun is reconciled by pines (through Ji Xiang Temple), bird watching creek, Chai Lu, Mulan Village, etc. , all have exquisite works. The illustration of Wang Wei's "Mountain Holiday Thinking of Shandong Brothers" is selected from the famous prints of Guangxu in Qing Dynasty. He is also the author of "landscape theory" and "landscape tactics" and painting theory.

Third, characteristics

Key words of work style: painting shadows and shapes, vivid and vivid, with both form and spirit. "There is a picture in the poem, and there is a poem in the picture". With a fresh, simple and natural style, Wang Wei created the artistic conception of "painting in poetry, poetry in painting" and "Zen in poetry" and set an unshakable banner in poetry.

Poetry is like a picture scroll, beautiful.

Su Shi once said: "Poetry is like painting in charm, and painting is like poetry in charm" (Dongpo Zhi Lin). Wang Wei is versatile. He brought the essence of painting into the world of poetry and painted vivid works for us with spiritual language and beautiful brushwork. His landscape poems are about colors, such as "Egrets flying in the quiet wetland, mango birds singing in the trees in midsummer" ("My cabin in Wangchuan after a long rain") and "Grass in the rain".

The color is green, and the peach blossoms on the water are burning. "("Wangchuan Bie Ye ")" White water is outside the field, and the blue peak is behind the mountain "("New Sunny Wild Hope ")

Wang Wei's landscape poems pay attention to structural pictures, which make them rich in levels, from far to near, even both dynamic and static, with good sound and more dynamic and musical beauty, such as "songs contain sound in the wind, flowers reflect the pool" ("Lin Yuan is a matter of mourning for his younger brother") and "trees touch the sky on thousands of valleys, and cuckoos crow on thousands of peaks". After a night in Shan Yu, hundreds of silky waterfalls will appear on every mountain top. "(Bao Zizhou made Li)" Where people live, it is like a wave in the far sky. " (Looking at the Han River) "Autumn grass rings, cicadas in the mountains are sad. (Working in the mountains in early autumn) Another example is an autumn night in the mountains: an empty mountain after the rain, standing in the autumn evening. The bright moon shed clear light from the cracks and cleared the fountain on the rocks. The bamboo forest is sonorous, the washerwoman returns, and the lotus leaves are swaying to get on the canoe. Spring spring might as well give it a rest, and the autumn sun can stay on the hills for a long time. Have a vision, look up and down, cold.

Wang Wei's poetic realm

Warm colors and human voices fully combine the beauty of painting, music and poetry. Wang Shanshui's poems are characterized by quiet humanity. Ruzhulou: I am leaning alone in the dense bamboo, playing the pipa and humming a song. The voice is too low, and no one can hear me except my partner Mingyue. The quiet bamboo forest and the bright moonlight made the poet furious, screaming in the sky and depressed. But there are so many thoughts, only the bright moon knows each other.

The remoteness of verve is the soul of painting in Wang Wei's poems. Chai Lu said: "There seems to be no one on the empty mountain, but I think I heard a voice. The sun entered a forest and reflected from the green moss on me." In the poem, the author deliberately describes that he was alone in an empty mountain and deep forest, and saw a beam of oblique rays of the sunset shining through the gap in the forest and sprinkled on the moss in the forest. The poet captured the most fascinating moment in the vast and complex natural scenery, and painted a quiet and peaceful picture with simple pen and ink, which was far-reaching and fascinating.

The scene blends into one, and it is natural.

Wang Wei's landscape poems are picturesque, and many of them are full of affection. Many of Wang Wei's landscape poems are full of strong local flavor and life interest, showing his leisurely life and quiet state of mind. For example, the sixth sentence of "Seven Pastoral Songs" says: "Peach red, willow green is more smoky. The flowers fell at home, but the maids didn't sweep them, and the Ti Ying Shanke still slept. " My message to Pei Di from my cabin in Wangchuan said, "The mountain is cold and blue now, and the autumn water has been flowing all day. At the door of my thatched cottage, leaning on my cane, I listened to the cicadas singing in the evening breeze. Sunset lingers at the ferry, and the smoke from supper rises from the house. Oh, when will I make a wish to the great hermit again and sing a wild poem under five willows? Express your feelings of diluting idleness in the beautiful scenery and rich pastoral atmosphere. Another example is a farmhouse by the Wei River: "The sun shines obliquely in the countryside, and cattle and sheep go home along the path. A rugged old man in a thatched door leaned against a cane and thought about his son, the shepherd boy. There are whistling pheasants? Full ears of wheat, sleeping silkworms and peeled mulberry leaves. Jojo and Fu Tian greet each other cordially. No wonder I yearn for a simple life, and I am surprised to be' micro'. " Write from the details, capture the typical plot and express infinite affection.

Wang Wei's love writing also talks about the separation of lovesickness and the care and comfort between friends. In the poem "Qi Shang Farewell Zhao", I wrote: Laugh when we meet, and cry when we send each other. My grandfather confessed that I was already sad to leave, and I was more worried about the city. In the cold season, the distant mountains are clear and bright, and at dusk, the river inverts. Untie the rope. Go away and watch you. I'm still standing for a long time. Rich and affectionate, come to the front.

In Wang Wei's poems, scenery is used to express feelings, and scenery is used to set off feelings, which makes his scenery full of aftertaste and lyricism. For example, "Lin sent Li to pick up the skeleton": "What is Chuanyuan when sending Lin?" Birds are still flying and pedestrians are still walking in the sunset. "Write love without words, just copy the scenery." Send Yang Changshi to Zhou Guo: "Birds travel thousands of miles and apes crow at twelve o'clock. "It is not only a landscape language, but also a sentimental name. It combines the desolate scenery of the road with the sadness of travelers, which is natural and implicit and memorable.

Portrait of Wang Wei

In Wang Wei's poems, many people express their feelings directly, which often appears natural and smooth, with implicit meanings. Such as "Send Yuan 20 An Xi": Weicheng is rainy and dusty, and the guest house is green and willow. Sincerely advise friends to drink a glass of wine, and it is difficult to meet their loved ones when they go out to Yang Guan in the west. Care and consideration are beyond words.

The beauty of Wang Wei's love writing lies in his simple and popular description of the real scene, which contains deep and graceful feelings. One of his "Acacia", with a small red bean, is a classic of "Acacia".

Wang Wei writes about love with many metaphors. Such as "Two Miscellaneous Poems": I live by the river, with my door facing my mouth. There are often boats in Jiangnan. Do you send the book home? You have just come from our hometown, and we must understand the world. It's plum blossoms. When you pass my silk window, the cold plum blossoms. I have seen cold plum hair and heard birds singing. Looking forward to the spring grass, I am afraid of my previous life. The whole article does not have the word "acacia", which seems handy, but in fact, every sentence is profound. With the metaphor of "cold plum" and "spring grass", the feeling of lovesickness is vividly on the paper.

Poetry is full of Zen, elegant and ethereal.

On the contrary, many of Wang Wei's poems are cold and quiet, far from the world, full of Zen, and the artistic conception of mountains and rivers has gone beyond the ordinary plain natural aesthetics and entered a religious realm, which is the inevitable embodiment of Wang Wei's Buddhist cultivation. Wang Wei lived in an era when Buddhism flourished. Scholar-officials learning Buddhism is very popular. Several times of political dissatisfaction and seclusion in his life made Wang Wei concentrate on studying Buddhism in order to despise fame and fortune and get rid of his troubles.

Some poems can be traced back, such as Crossing Ji Xiang Temple: I don't know the way to Jixiang Temple, but I wander under the mountains and clouds for miles.

Portrait of Wang Wei

In the evening, come to the empty pool and meditate quietly to suppress the dragon. "Some poems are ethereal, without Zen, but also with Zen. Like a gazelle, there is no trace. For example, I will walk until the river blocks my way, then sit down and look at the rising clouds. One day, I met an old woodcutter, laughing and never coming back (I was in the seclusion of Zhongnanshan), and the wind blew my belt, and my pipa was as bright as the mountains and the moon. You ask me good or bad luck? Listen, there is a fisherman singing on the lake! (Answer to Deputy Governor Yin Zhang) It is full of Zen machines that are close to nature, body, materialization and fate. Another example: there seems to be no one on the empty mountain, but I think I heard a voice. Sunlight enters the grove and reflects to me from the green moss (Chai Lu); The hibiscus flowers at the end of the wood are full of red calyx, and flowers bloom and fall one after another. (Wu Xinyi); People are idle, osmanthus flowers fall, and the night is quiet and empty. When the moon comes out, the birds are startled, and the sound enters the spring stream. Everything is silent, illusory and impermanent, with no purpose, no consciousness, no joy of life, no sorrow of death, but everything is immortal and eternal, as Hu Yinglin's poems and Yao's Tang poetry "Expression" commented: "Reading makes people forget their life experiences, and all thoughts are silent, which does not mean that they are rhythmic. "

Fourth, the impact

Wang Wei's landscape poems are mostly written in the later period. Compared with his predecessors, he expanded the content of this kind of poetry and added its artistic style, which made the achievements of landscape poetry reach an unprecedented height. This is his outstanding contribution to China's classical poetry. Among them, the pastoral poems describing rural scenery and farm life are full of pastoral sentiment, showing his leisurely interest and calm and comfortable state of mind. Such as farmhouses on the Wei River and pastoral songs in spring. More works focus on the picturesque scenery of the countryside, "New Sunny Wild Hope": "The new sunny Yuan Ye is vast and has no atmosphere. There are no idle people on the farm and the home is in the south. " Autumn Night in the Deep Mountains describes the beautiful scenery of the mountain village when it rains at dusk. Those landscape poems in Wang's poems that depict the beauty of natural tranquility have high aesthetic value. Such as "Qingxi": I once drove the river of yellow flowers and chased Qingxi water first. 10,000 laps over the mountains. On a journey of less than thirty miles. The rapids buzzed on the piled rocks, but the light dimmed among the dense pine trees. There is no water in the water, and weeds are flourishing on the shore. Deep down in my heart, I have always been pure, Qingchuan Dansuo. Oh, stay on a wide flat rock and cast the fishing line forever! .

Throughout, the heart shines on the water, the heart is lined with the water, and things and I blend, which embodies an inherent pursuit of beauty. While some pastoral poems focus on rendering ethereal artistic conception and lonely feelings. For example, Zhuliguan and Wu Xinyi are all weak, and they are designed to be quiet and interesting. This will undoubtedly have a certain negative impact on later landscape poems.

Wang Wei is brilliant, and the infiltration of different arts has had a far-reaching impact on his poems. He put painting into poetry, which made his landscape poems poetic.

The language of Wang's poems is implicit, fresh and lively, with varied sentence patterns and rhythms, loud and harmonious phonology and musical beauty. In a word, Wang Wei's landscape poems have a far-reaching influence on later generations, both in subject matter and artistic style.

Historical evaluation of verb (abbreviation of verb)

There is a saying that "Li Bai is a genius, Du Fu is a native talent and Wang Wei is a talent", and later generations also call Wang Wei Shi Fo. This title not only expresses the Zen and religious inclination of Wang Wei's poems, but also affirms Wang Wei's lofty position in the Tang Dynasty. Wang Wei is not only recognized as Shi Fo, but also a master of Nanshan literati painting (Qian Zhongshu called him "the first painting in the prosperous Tang Dynasty"). He is also proficient in temperament, good at calligraphy and seal cutting, and is a rare all-rounder

Wang Weishi was famous both before and after his death. History says that "the famous people in Kaiyuan and Tianbao are waiting for you with lofty aspirations, and the two kings Ning and Xue are teachers and friends" (New Tang Book). Tang Daizong once called it "the literate sect in the world" (Answer to Wang Weiji in Wang Jin). Du Fu also called him "the most beautiful sentence in a full picture book" (the eighth of the twelve poems in Jieboredom). At the end of the Tang Dynasty, Si Kongtu praised it as "interesting and clear, if clear and deep" ("Comment on Poetry with Wang Jia"). In the past, people once praised Wang Wei as "Shi Fo" and compared him with poet Du Fu and poet Li Bai. As far as ideological content is concerned, Wang Wei's poems are far from comparable to those of Li and Du Fu. In terms of art, Wang Wei did have his unique achievements and contributions. In the Tang Dynasty, the poems of Liu Changqing, Ten Talents in Dali, Yao He and Jia Dao were all influenced by Wang Wei to varying degrees. Until the Qing Dynasty, Wang Shizhen admired verve, but actually regarded his poems as worship. However, this school of poetry is often sentimental and lacks social content.

Sixth, the commemoration of future generations.

According to Lantian County Records, Wang Wei's tomb is located 60 meters east of Baijiaping Village, Wangchuan Township, in front of the cemetery on the bank of Wangchuan River under Feiyun Mountain. The original cemetery is about 13.3 mu. Now it is in Xiangyang company's factory building 14. The stone tablet of Tang Gongwei's tomb was pressed into the water tunnel by Xiangyang CompanyNo. 14 as a stone. The relics in front of the tomb are two monuments erected by Du You Cheng Zhaosheng and Shaanxi Governor Bi Yuan in the forty-first year of Qing Qianlong (1776), which were destroyed during the Cultural Revolution. Wang Wei's mother is also buried here. Wang Chuan Highway was built in six places by the Ministry of Communications, and Wang Weimu's tomb tower was razed to the ground. The short-sighted behavior in the construction of that year caused irreparable defects in Lantian's cultural relics tourism resources.