Drought degree in Yunguichuan province, China.

The severe drought in southwest China, which lasted for more than five months, showed no signs of abating. Since mid-March, there has been no effective rainfall in most of the arid areas of the five southwestern provinces, and the drought has continued to develop. Among them, the drought in parts of Yunnan and Guangxi is extremely serious, and the drought in autumn and winter in Guizhou Province occurs once in a hundred years. At present, the National Flood Control and Drought Relief Headquarters of China, the Ministry of Water Resources and local governments are making the protection of people's drinking water safety the top priority of the current drought relief work, and making every effort to carry out drought relief work.

According to the latest statistics of the Office of the National Flood Control and Drought Relief Headquarters of China, as of March 23, the drought-affected area of cultivated land in China was 7.6 million hectares, 600,000 hectares more than the average in the same period of many years; The population with difficulty in drinking water due to drought is 22,765,438+100000, which is twice the average of the same period for many years. Among them, the five provinces in southwest China suffered the most, with 654.38+080.5 million people suffering from drinking water drought. Mr. Wan Qunzhi, deputy director of the Drought Relief Division II of the National Defense General Office, said: "At present, the five provinces and autonomous regions in southwest China account for 85% of the country's drought-stricken area and 79% of the population with drinking water difficulties. According to the weather forecast analysis, there is no effective rainfall process in southwest China in the near future. Recently, we (the General Defense Department) still need to increase the intensity of people's drinking to solve difficulties, strengthen the guidance of drought relief work in dry areas, and ensure the domestic water demand of people in dry areas before the rainy season. "

According to reports, since last autumn, the precipitation in the five southwestern provinces has been 50% less than that in the same period of many years, and the rainfall in some areas has been 70% to 90% less. The water in major rivers is the least in history. According to the latest data, since last autumn, the worst drought in a century has occurred in Yunnan, which has caused 7.42 million people in the province to have difficulty drinking water, and the direct economic loss of agriculture has exceeded 20 billion yuan.

In Fuyuan County, Qujing City, Yunnan Province, the continuous drought has caused more than 300,000 local people to have difficulty drinking water to varying degrees. On the basis of management and protection of existing water sources, Fuyuan County strives to find new water sources, and conducts quarantine and engineering treatment on new water sources to improve water storage capacity and reduce losses. At the same time, temporary water supply points will be set up to transfer water across towns and villages to ensure the basic living water for people who lack water. Ningde Gang, secretary of Fuyuan County Party Committee, said: "There is no water source. The government organizes water-pulling, vehicles and water-transporting tools, and organizes water-pulling and water-delivering to villages, and regularly and quantitatively supplies water. Every household has at least 50 kilograms of water every day. "

Up to now, Yunnan Province has dispatched more than 280,000 vehicles for people to transport water, drilled more than 400 wells and organized artificial precipitation enhancement 1.400 times. In addition, Yunnan Province invested more than 2.3 billion yuan in drought relief funds at all levels, organized more than 65.438+million people to invest in drought relief, and realized drought relief irrigation area of 65.438+0.3 million hectares.

Guizhou province is also one of the areas with the worst drought. Since July 2009, the continuous high temperature and lack of rainfall have caused the most serious summer and autumn droughts and winter and spring droughts in Guizhou, and the drought range and intensity have exceeded the meteorological historical extremes.

In southwest Guizhou Buyi and Miao Autonomous Prefecture, drought has caused drinking water difficulties for nearly 6.5438+0.8 million people. Fire officers and soldiers in this state delivered more than 2 100 tons of water to villages and towns with serious water shortage while carrying out forest fire prevention tasks, which partially alleviated the drinking water crisis.

In front of the cellar in Xinchang Village, Xingyi City, Southwest Guizhou Province, a fire truck of the State Fire Brigade pulled 3.5 tons of water. I heard that the fire brigade came to deliver water, and everyone took buckets to fetch water. Li Yongde, a villager, said happily after filling up with water: "I am very happy to have water to eat! Send water to your door, we welcome it! "

The national defense official said that five provinces (autonomous regions and municipalities) in southwest China are making every effort to ensure the drinking water safety of18.05 million people who are currently suffering from dry drinking water. Among them, nearly120,000 people were solved by measures such as pulling water to deliver water, carrying livestock and finding new water sources, and more than 6 million people were solved by using reservoir water supply, emergency water transfer and drilling wells to exploit groundwater.

The drought in the southwest arid area will last for 10 days, and there is still no rainfall.

The continuous high temperature and lack of rain have aggravated the drought in Yunnan, Sichuan, Guizhou, Guangxi and Chongqing. Among them, the drought in parts of Yunnan and Guangxi has reached the level of special drought, and the drought in autumn and winter in Guizhou Province occurs once in 80 years, and even once in a hundred years in some areas.

According to the statistics of the National Defense General Administration, as of March 16, the drought-affected area of cultivated land in China reached 6.45 million hectares, exceeding the average of10.8 million hectares for many years, and more than 20 million people had difficulty drinking water due to drought. Among them, Yunnan, Guangxi, Guizhou, Sichuan and Chongqing are the hardest hit areas, accounting for 83% of the country's drought-affected area.

The Central Meteorological Observatory released the weather trend forecast of southwest arid area on March 18, saying: It is predicted that cold air will affect China more frequently in the next 10 day, and the weather in the northern region will be changeable and the temperature will fluctuate greatly; The south-central part of the south of the Yangtze River is dominated by process rainfall. However, there is no obvious rainfall in most parts of Yunnan, southern Sichuan, southwestern Guizhou and northwestern Guangxi, and the meteorological drought will continue.

Some provinces and cities have introduced measures to limit electricity.

Most of Yunnan, Guangxi and Guizhou have been suffering from drought for more than five months, and the drought is still developing. Severe drought has brought serious impact on people's lives and industrial and agricultural production.

Sichuan media reported that the severe drought in southwest China made the supply of thermal coal continuously tight, and some provinces and cities were blacked out.

At present, the inventory of some power plants in Sichuan has fallen below the 7-day warning line. The main reason for this phenomenon is the severe drought in southwest China, and the decline of hydropower efficiency also leads to thermal power still being the main power source in Sichuan. The relevant person in charge of the Sichuan Economic and Information Committee said on 18 that there are more than 0.4 million tons of thermal coal in Sichuan Province, which can burn 12 days. "From the current situation, Sichuan will not limit electricity."

Because the vast majority of southwest China rely on hydropower, these enterprises are gradually affected by the lack of hydropower resources during this long drought. According to china securities journal news, so far, some provinces have introduced measures to limit electricity, mainly targeting high-energy smelting enterprises. The once-in-a-century drought in Yunnan caused the Da Die Waterfall to be almost cut off.

The comprehensive evaluation of the current drought in Yunnan Province by the meteorological department is that the recurrence period of comprehensive meteorological drought in Yunnan Province is more than 80 years, and most areas in central Yunnan, eastern Yunnan and eastern Yunnan are more than 100 years. Due to the long-term drought, the upstream of the world-famous Shilin Dadieshui Waterfall is almost cut off, and the beauty of the waterfall no longer exists.

Up to now, Yunnan Province has invested 2.3 billion yuan in drought relief funds at all levels, organized/kloc-0.0 million people to invest in drought relief, and realized drought relief irrigation area of 20.44 million mu. The meteorological departments of Dali, Baoshan, Dehong, Lincang, Pu 'er, Zhaotong and other six counties (cities) and 15 counties have also carried out artificial precipitation enhancement operations, which have appropriately alleviated the severe drought in some areas, reduced the forest fire risk level and promoted spring ploughing and spring planting.

The drought in Guangxi has affected 13 city, and 2180,000 people have difficulty drinking water.

In Guangxi, the Flood Control and Drought Relief Headquarters of Guangxi Autonomous Region released a message on March 18, saying that the drought in Guangxi has expanded to 13 cities, and the drought relief fund invested by Guangxi is nearly 1 100 million yuan, which temporarily solved the drinking water problem of 22,238+00,000 people.

According to the statistics of the Flood Control and Drought Relief Headquarters Office of Guangxi Autonomous Region as of March 18, the drought-stricken prefecture-level cities in Guangxi have expanded from the original 12 to 13, and the drought-affected area of crops is 1 1263800 mu. The number of people who have difficulty drinking water due to drought continues to climb, reaching 218.10.2 million, and there are still11.7 million large livestock who have difficulty drinking water.

In addition, Guangxi also seized the opportunity to carry out artificial precipitation enhancement under favorable weather conditions in most parts of the region, with a cumulative precipitation increase of nearly 200 million tons.

More than 8 million people in Sichuan are affected by the drought.

According to the statistics of Sichuan Provincial Civil Affairs Department, as of March 18, the continuous severe drought has caused 7 cities/states/counties/cities/districts in Sichuan/kloc-0, with 8.288 million people affected and 8.49 million people having difficulty drinking water. 2.229 million large livestock have difficulty drinking water; The affected area of crops is 5 1. 1 10,000 hectares; Causing 654.38+0.382 million people in the province to need assistance; The direct economic loss was 654.38+38 million yuan.

Up to now, Sichuan Province has distributed 248 million yuan of winter and spring disaster relief funds, 65.859 million yuan of drought relief funds, 297,000 drought-resistant irrigation equipment (times) and 3 1 18 vehicles (times) of artificial water delivery, thus alleviating the drinking water difficulties of 778,000 people and 849,000 large livestock.

Guizhou/kloc-the emergency response of more than 0/0 million people to disaster relief and drought relief rose to level I.

Since July last year, there has been a continuous drought and little rain in Guizhou Province, and severe drought occurred in summer, autumn and winter, which lasted for a long time, affected a wide range and was deeply affected. At present, Guizhou's emergency response to drought has been upgraded to Grade I. As of March 18, the drought-affected area of crops in Guizhou Province124.45 million mu, and the drinking water of the whole province103.68 million people and 4.26 million large livestock were affected to varying degrees.

According to preliminary statistics, by March 2008, the province had invested 2.66 million drought-resistant manpower and 300 million yuan in drought-resistant funds, dispatched 54,000 sets of drought-resistant machines and 39,000 vehicles, used 7.27 million kWh of drought-resistant electricity, used 0.285 tons of oil/kloc-0, and irrigated 3.32 million mu of drought-resistant land, which solved 3.538 million people and 650,000 people.

Emergency response of all departments to ensure production and life.

In the face of the once-in-a-century drought, all relevant departments responded urgently, strengthened dispatching and guidance, and strived to minimize the impact of drought on people's lives and industrial and agricultural production.

On March 18, Sichuan Electric Power Company of State Grid held an emergency video conference in Xichang, and decided to allocate100,000 yuan of emergency special funds for drought relief and power conservation in various places.

In addition, the State Grid has taken measures to ensure the power supply for farmers' lives and spring ploughing irrigation in rural areas. As of March 17, Sichuan Company, which belongs to State Grid, has set up 300 drought-resistant and power-saving service teams, dispatched 2,266 drought-resistant and power-saving personnel, eliminated 509 defects in rural power distribution networks, provided drought-resistant generators 19 /KVA 490, and added transformers for irrigation and drainage 12, which effectively guaranteed drought resistance.

On June 5438+07, the National Disaster Reduction Committee and the Ministry of Civil Affairs launched a national four-level emergency response to the recent drought in Sichuan, and sent a working group to the disaster area to check the disaster situation, express condolences to the affected people and assist in the drought relief work.

Recently, the National Defense General and the Ministry of Water Resources have held several drought-resistant meetings, focusing on helping the dry areas refine and improve the water supply plan, strengthening the unified management and dispatching of drought-resistant water sources, strengthening the guidance of people's drinking water classification, and adopting various measures such as reservoir water supply, emergency water transfer, and well drilling to pull water to solve the drinking water problem for people and livestock. The National Defense General also negotiated with the Ministry of Finance to issue drought relief funds of 654.38+0.55 billion yuan twice.

Recently, the Ministry of Agriculture also urgently sent an expert guidance group to the hardest hit areas in Guangxi and Yunnan to guide drought relief and spring ploughing. The Ministry of Agriculture deployed the agricultural machinery system to do a good job in drought-resistant and spring-protected farming, and fully organized agricultural machinery to invest in drought-resistant and spring-protected farming. At the same time, effective measures should be taken to strengthen the organization and scheduling of machinery, give full play to the role of agricultural machinery as the main force, reduce the losses caused by drought, and ensure the smooth development of spring ploughing production.

In addition, the China Meteorological Bureau also launched a Grade III emergency response to southwest drought, and strengthened weather and climate monitoring and forecasting services.