What is the general idea and main content of the text "Building the Railway to Lhasa"?

Answer: The general meaning of the passage in the text "Building the Railway to Lhasa" is:

The first part (natural paragraphs 1~3) writes about the landmark project of the Western Development The start of the Qinghai-Tibet Railway.

The second part (natural paragraphs 4 to 10) writes about how the builders of the western region have overcome many of the world's problems and finally completed the entire 1,388-meter-long Fenghuoshuo Tunnel.

Part Three (Section 11) The completion of the entire Shaofenghuoshan Tunnel marks that the construction of the Qinghai-Tibet Railway is in sight.

The main content is: The article describes that in the face of high cold and hypoxia, harsh natural environment, fragile ecological environment, and extremely difficult construction conditions, the builders of the western region have overcome world-class problems with wisdom and strength. , overcame international technical difficulties and created a world railway construction miracle - Fenghuoshuo Tunnel.

Knowledge expansion:

1. Original text of "Build the Railway to Lhasa"

Build the Railway to Lhasa!

On October 18, 2001, under the blue sky and white clouds, Fengshan Mountain was covered in silver and looked particularly enchanting. Colorful flags were fluttering on the construction site, and hundreds of young commandos wearing orange-red uniforms and dozens of large construction machinery were standing ready.

Following the order, bursts of explosions resounded across the snowy plateau, and the Fenghuoshuo Tunnel was excavated. A long "iron dragon" starts from the new industrial city of Golmud deep in the Qaidam Basin, crosses the majestic Kunlun Mountains, and will pass through here, cross the "Roof of the World" Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, and reach the snowy holy city of Lhasa. This is the Qinghai-Tibet Railway, the landmark project of the western development, and this is the Qinghai-Tibet Railway that benefits the broad masses of people.

The Fenghuoshan Tunnel passes through a permafrost area, and various complex frozen soil layers are in front of it, making construction extremely difficult. After blasting again and again, what exploded was not rocks, but hard ice ballast. No wonder some Western media predicted that it would be impossible for the Chinese to build a tunnel in such unfavorable geology!

Building a railway to Lhasa is indeed not an easy task. What is being built is a plateau frozen soil railway with the highest altitude and longest line in the world. The key to Fenghuoshan tunnel construction is temperature control. The technicians directed the commandos to spray concrete on the walls of the newly dug tunnel. Because the temperature is too low, the concrete cannot set. They brought a heater to heat the tunnel, and the ice and rock on the tunnel wall melted due to the heat, causing the tunnel wall to collapse. Fenghuoshan, this ten-thousand-year-old iceberg showed its ferocious face, giving the road-building army a disincentive!

However, none of this can stop our road-building army. Scientific and technical personnel conducted field observations in the tunnel day and night and discovered the law of temperature changes in ice and rock. After repeated observations, analysis and experiments, they finally found the optimal temperature for sprayed concrete and subdued the violent frozen soil.

Build the railway to Lhasa! The road construction army has high morale and the tunnel is extending bit by bit.

Bad weather and extreme hypoxia took turns to attack this team. There are often strong winds in the Fengshan area. The 150-square-meter insulated greenhouse that had just been erected was torn to pieces by strong winds overnight. The iron tiles on the roof of the newly built generator room were missing. The sky was clear just a moment ago, but in the blink of an eye, dark clouds came over the sky, and hailstones of all sizes rained down on the face. Fenghuoshan is 4,905 meters above sea level, and the oxygen content of the air here is less than half that of the plains. The tunnel was dug deeper and deeper, and the air in the cave became thinner and thinner. Although they were prepared for the lack of oxygen, what happened during construction still caught them by surprise. The oxygen bottles carried by the workers provide only a drop in the bucket. The commandos all suffered from chest tightness, shortness of breath, headaches and sore legs. The wind gun used by two people can now be held by four people. Labor efficiency dropped rapidly. The lives of the road construction troops are facing serious threats.

The lights at the headquarters were on all night long. Can a large-scale oxygen production station be built? The headquarters and the University of Science and Technology Beijing formed a joint research team to attack this new problem. The scientific and technical personnel worked day and night to experiment and tackle key problems. After more than two hundred failures, the world's first large-scale plateau oxygen production station was built! Sufficient oxygen was continuously sent into the tunnel along the long pipeline. Fenghuoshan, this huge stumbling block lowered its proud head again and again!

Build the railway to Lhasa! Build the railway to Lhasa! The commandos and scientific and technical personnel shouted out the same wish again and again! . On October 19, 2002, the 1,338-meter-long Fenghuoshan Tunnel was finally successfully completed!

The "Iron Dragon" of the Qinghai-Tibet Railway is constantly moving forward, and moving forward, Lhasa is already in sight...< /p>

2. Word analysis

1. Silver-covered: plain, without dyeing. Wrap, wrap, wrap. There is no color at all from top to bottom, very plain. The article refers to the appearance of Fengshan Mountain covered with ice and snow.

2. Scattered: describes the scattered and sparse appearance. Specifically refers to the fact that things that used to be numerous and neat are now scattered. The article refers to the scene in which the thermal insulation greenhouse was damaged by strong winds and was in a state of disarray.

3. Missing: describes the sudden loss of something. The article points out that the weather on Fengshan Mountain is extremely bad, and strong winds can blow away the iron tiles on the roof.

4. Split the head and cover the face: Split and cover the head and face from the front. The article pointed out that the weather was harsh and without giving people any time to take precautions or escape, a hailstorm suddenly hit the road construction army.

5. A drop in the bucket: metaphor is of no help and cannot solve the problem. The article pointed out that Fengshan Mountain has a high altitude and the oxygen content is less than half that of the plains. The oxygen provided by oxygen bottles cannot meet people's normal physiological needs. The lives of the road construction troops are facing serious threats.

6. Forgetting to sleep and eat: forgetting to eat and forgetting to sleep. Describes diligence and concentration. The article refers to scientific and technological personnel who are experimenting and solving key problems day and night, working diligently to overcome world-class problems.

3. Brief analysis of the text

This is an article full of high-spirited spirit and heroic spirit. The article describes how, under conditions of extreme cold and hypoxia, harsh natural environment, fragile ecological environment, and extremely difficult construction conditions, the builders of the western region used their wisdom and strength to overcome world-class problems one after another, overcome international technical difficulties, and create world-class achievements. The miracle of railway construction is the completion of the Fenghuoshuo Tunnel, the highest tunnel in the world today. The article is clearly organized, with detailed data, and contains praise for the wisdom, strength, hard work and dedication of the builders of the western region.

4. Introduction to the author Zhang Jiankui

Zhang Jiankui: Director of the editorial department of People's Daily's "Tide of the Times" magazine.

Native Place: Shandong

Majors: Journalism, Law; Graduate Schools: Beijing Broadcasting Institute, Central Party School

Education: Undergraduate

Date of birth: October 10, 1982

Main works: "Touching Fenghuoshan"