Beijing Dust Weather Statistics

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April 10, Beijing weather: sand and dust. On this day, the expected bright sunshine still did not appear, and the smog continued to cover the capital, with visibility only two or three kilometers.

On the morning of 10, the Central Meteorological Observatory issued a sandstorm weather warning again: it is estimated that from 10 to 10, the southern Xinjiang basin, central and western Gansu, Ningxia, central and southeastern Inner Mongolia, northwestern Shaanxi, northwestern Shanxi, central and northern Hebei, and western Liaoning.

The dust is frequent, and the "blue sky" is in a hurry.

Experts believe that less precipitation and more winds are the reasons for frequent dust storms in northern China this spring.

The sky in Beijing has been gray since April. According to the statistics of China National Environmental Monitoring Center, on the 9th, Beijing's air pollution index reached 500, the hourly concentration of inhalable particles reached 500 micrograms per cubic meter, and the air quality dropped to the most serious level 5 heavy pollution.

It is reported that as of April 10, the number of "blue sky" days in Beijing is only 53 days; Grade 4 and 5 moderately and severely polluted weather 13 days, far exceeding the sum of 9 days last year. This figure means that this year has become the year with the most moderate and severe polluted weather in Beijing in the past five years. The "culprit" of this situation is dust.

According to Qiao Lin, a senior engineer of the Central Meteorological Observatory, there were five sandstorm weather processes in northern China in March, including two strong sandstorms and three sand blowing processes. In the first half of April alone, there were three sandstorm weather processes "patronizing" the northern part of China in 10 days. Judging from the current situation, the frequency of sandstorm weather this spring is lower than normal, but higher than last year and the year before.

Why is there so much dusty weather in the north this spring? According to experts' analysis, since the beginning of this year, the temperature in most parts of northern China has been higher than normal, and the precipitation is the second least since the 1950s. High temperature leads to a large amount of evaporation, which makes the surface sand unable to be fixed and the ground condition is poor. At the same time, cold and warm air is more active, windy weather is more, wind blows sand, and dust naturally appears frequently.

Prevention and control should treat people and sand.

The key point is to lock the source of sandstorms and reduce the impact of human beings on the ecological environment in areas with fragile ecological conditions such as northwest China.

Contrary to the impression of ordinary people, experts told reporters that the dusty weather in northern China is generally decreasing.

Zhang Qiang, director of the Climate Impact Assessment Office of the National Climate Center, explained to reporters that at present, the wind conditions conducive to the formation of dusty weather are changing. Usually, where the temperature is low, the air pressure is high, and where the temperature is high, the air pressure is low, and the air pressure difference produces wind. Under the background of global warming, the temperature in the north of China is rising faster than that in the south, the pressure difference between the north and the south is smaller, the gale is correspondingly reduced, and the dusty weather is also reduced.

Relevant monitoring results also verify the same conclusion: the frequency of sandstorm weather is obviously lower than that in the 1950s.

Although the wind conditions have improved, the existence of sand sources still provides the possibility for the occurrence of sandstorms, as evidenced by the recent frequent sandstorms. Experts say that desertification and sandstorms are the products of natural conditions and human activities. Surface desertification is largely related to human activities. It is important to control sand and dust.

Specifically, on the one hand, we should plant trees and grass scientifically, especially in the source areas of sandstorms. Take Beijing as an example. Most of the dust that affects Beijing is dust from other places. Planting trees around Beijing and other cities can't stop dust. It is important to lock in the source of dust. On the other hand, in areas with fragile ecological conditions, such as the northwest, it is necessary to implement reasonable agricultural production methods, consolidate the achievements of returning farmland to forests, and reduce the impact of human beings on the ecological environment. Only by gradually restoring the fragile surface environment can the occurrence of sandstorms be reduced.

Reduce the adverse effects of dust

It is necessary to improve the early warning means, strengthen the cooperation of relevant departments and raise the public's awareness of self-protection.

Since the middle and late 1990s, in order to reduce the impact of sandstorm weather, China's meteorological departments have started satellite remote sensing monitoring while strengthening ground monitoring, and used the numerical forecasting model of sandstorm weather to forecast the source and path of sandstorm weather 48 hours or 72 hours in advance. At the same time, the sandstorm weather warning system has been continuously improved, and the sandstorm warning symbol has been activated, so that the public can receive the forecast information at the fastest speed and to the greatest extent.

It is understood that at present, the environmental protection department in Beijing has established a "control plan for dust pollution caused by strong winds and dust", which will automatically start when encountering strong winds and dust. At that time, municipal, public security, transportation, construction, urban management and other departments will work together to minimize the harm of floating dust pollution.

The data show that when the inhalable particulate matter is above 150 μ g/m3, the air will be polluted to varying degrees, and the respiratory tract of sensitive people will obviously feel uncomfortable. Therefore, in dusty weather, individuals should protect themselves. Minimize going out and close the doors and windows in time. If you must be outdoors, it is best to use a dust-proof and dust-filtering mask to reduce the inhalation of dust particles; Wet towel, gauze towel, etc. Can be used to protect eyes, mouth and nose; You can also wear glasses, dust gloves, shoes and socks, clothes and other measures to protect your eyes and skin.