Situation-Question-Response-Evaluative Writing Model for Environmental Protection

6 degrees Celsius that changes the world

The earth is facing a turning point.

Runaway global warming, although not yet, will soon be out of control. Dangerous symptoms are everywhere, brought about by the challenge of confronting climate change. How do we slow down global warming? What is the Earth if nothing is done about it? As global temperatures rise, every 1 degree increase will lead to serious impacts on the planet. A temperature rise of 1 degree, 2 degrees, 3 degrees, 4 degrees, 5 degrees, 6 degrees, the consequences will be catastrophic. Just imagine, if global warming intensifies in the 21st century, the global average temperature gradually rises, and then the next super storm, scorching heat wave, will come next time, one of the major natural disasters? The debate is over. Scientists unanimously point out that the earth's average temperature has indeed increased by nearly 1°C, and the world is ready. As warnings appear across the country, thousands of people from ships and tens of thousands of land-based stations, as well as satellites in outer space, jointly monitor the Earth for warning messages. Data scientists will have input from state-of-the-art computer models to estimate the problems our planet may face in the future.

The forecast is worrying. In four years, glaciers in the Himalayas that provide water for the survival of millions of people are likely to disappear. The melting Greenland ice sheet may be more than 50 years old. Currently, the Amazon rainforest accounts for half of the world's biological species, but this rain is likely to become a barren land within this century. Current data shows that global average temperatures have increased by 0.8°C, and Victoria Island, Australia's second-most populous population in history, has experienced a high incidence of bushfires. Many will see this temporary period of high fires as a warning. , naturally, alerting the world to the effects of climate change.

"Australia has been the driest continent on Earth, although global average temperatures have risen less than by degrees, and they have lost a lot of terrestrial sources. Australia is currently experiencing its worst drought in 10,000 years." Global warming does not just mean that the average global temperature will completely change the natural mechanism of the earth, not when droughts and floods occur there, and it may even be the same as when droughts and floods occur. "< /p>

National Geographic columnist Mark Rines collects long-term climate model data to understand the extent of the damage a warming planet will cause. "It's hard to imagine the future effects of global warming, and I want to help people see the truth because not everyone can fathom the conclusion that car exhaust emissions will be like Himalayan glaciers melting in 50 years." And experts estimate that in 50 years The earth's average temperature may rise to 14°C in the next 100 years, but the results are not irreversible. Changes in the earth's temperature, even just 6 degrees, can have serious consequences. "If there was a 6-degree change in the global average temperature, the 6-degree low would have been the Earth's temperature 10,008 years ago during the last glacial period, when Oxford was surrounded by ice, with ice sheets over a mile thick in some areas. A 6-degree temperature drop could Will the earth's ice age usher in again, and the temperature will change to 6 degrees?

Initially, the earth's atmosphere is a buffer zone, which will separate the greenhouse gases from the earth's surface and mix in the open space. Made of water, carbon dioxide, methane, argon, nitrogen oxides and a small portion of ozone, it acts like a small dome covering the earth to store enough energy from reflected sunlight to sustain the higher temperatures required for normal life on Earth. The greater the amount of greenhouse gases that store energy, this will lead to serious consequences for the global climate. Greenhouse Gas Network Emissions have increased dramatically over the past 250 years as humans continue to find new ways to consume energy. We don't realize that carbon dioxide is the price we pay for the various sources of energy that facilitate our modern lives, but the resulting carbon dioxide is emitted into the atmosphere and accumulates in the air we breathe. "Polycarbonate content increases." It will cause a global disaster. The dangerous content is white 50 parts per million, and now it is 383 parts per million. Let the average temperature of the earth rise to 1-2 degrees of global warming, which will lead to serious consequences.

With a temperature rise of 1 degree, some of the most fertile land in the United States will once again become a desert.

More than 6,000 years ago, the western half of the United States belonged to the American desert. Small changes in the earth's orbit would slightly weaken the summer sun, so the entire western United States underwent a drastic change. The desert is covered with a thin layer of topsoil, with dry sand hidden a few centimeters below the surface. As long as the temperature rises a degree or two, the surface will lose moisture. In the 1930s, it was a taste of how fragile our earth was. “Imagine a continuous torrential rain 20 times the force that would hit the western half of the United States. “With just one degree of climate change, you could bring this livestock back to town in the relentlessly hot, dry desert.” For now, topsoil remains a stable desert cover, but for how long? A 1 degree increase in the world's average global temperature would leave graduates. There will be a transfer of wealth. Changes in global climate patterns are causing major shifts in production areas for various crops. Global warming

The cause is much of humanity's need for energy. When you turn on a switch, plug it in, or push a button to start a device, there must be a power plant providing electricity, and almost nine of the world's energy comes from fossil fuels, including coal, oil and natural gas.

The burning of prehistoric fossil plants and animals will inevitably produce carbon dioxide, which is the biggest culprit of carbon dioxide emissions from the three fossil fuels. Fossil fuels have improved the quality of life for generations, and we imagine life without fossil fuels.

Product Inquiry From the perspective of looking at individual products, the energy consumption may not appear to be much, such as making a pair of sunglasses or a shiny logo, but the carbon dioxide produced by human activities accumulates in large amounts. If temperatures rise more than once, nature's fragile balance will be threatened. From the deep undersea tunnel, it is inevitable to reach the highest mountain in the world.

If the global average temperature rises by 2 degrees, this change will begin to increase the number of organisms. Greenland's glaciers will gradually disappear, large ice melts will threaten the survival of polar bears, and bugs will migrate to strange new places. As areas in the United States become more north temperate, the pine trees will be depleted of grazing pine beetles, and grizzly bears will lose an important food source for the fall. Canadian tundra melts, new forests emerge. The Pacific island nation of Tuvalu will be submerged as the global average temperature rises by 2 degrees Celsius, which is likely to happen.

"If temperatures rise by 2 degrees, marine ecosystems will face even more serious impacts as most of the world's tropical coral reefs are likely to disappear." This problem makes Overhog Gudbokai bottom of the night , a marine biologist at the University of Queensland in Australia, Overwatch has been watching changes in coral reefs. His lab is located on the Great Barrier Reef in the northeast of Australia, which is at the forefront of the fight against climate change. The Great Barrier Reef's second mass bleaching event occurred recently. When the water temperature exceeds the maximum temperature that coral reefs can tolerate of 3°C, the coral reefs will exclude the remaining deposited algae, causing coral death in large areas of the Great Barrier Reef. "You know exactly what global warming is doing to living things if you see coral bleaching."

"What if we woke up one morning and suddenly one-fifth of our most beloved forests were dead? , so what to do? This is the current state of coral reefs. “More than a million species of coral reefs house, feed and reproduce the organisms they need to survive on the reef. Recently, there have been more dangerous trends than coral bleaching in the sea.

The main natural mechanism by which oceans absorb carbon dioxide from the atmosphere is the largest collection of carbon on Earth, but there are recent signs that this mechanism is breaking down. Under normal circumstances, microscopic sea creatures including bacteria foraminifera and algae absorb carbon dioxide and use it to build their own shells and skeletons, but there are some limitations to this mechanism. When carbon dioxide levels are too high, water becomes acidic. Seawater acidification will melt the shells and skeletons of tiny marine organisms, preventing them from further absorbing carbon dioxide. Some small sea creatures are only a millimeter in length and are at the bottom of the food chain, but regardless of appearance and size, the fate of all sea creatures, even the largest ones, depends on all balancing mechanisms for their survival. When the chemical composition of seawater changes, the natural climate control mechanisms begin to break down. Across the planet, scientists share the same concerns

Elsewhere, they study the impact of global warming on the climate in the Arctic.

The Greenland ice sheet, which nature took 15 years to build, is melting into the sea and growing at an unprecedented rate. As the ice disappears, rising water levels will flood coastal cities around the world.

The fastest moving glacier in the Yaqab port of Greenland, based on the historical movement of the glacier, melts into the sea at a rate of every 40 meters. This rate is twice what it was 10 years ago. The glaciers melt in two days, producing an amount of water equal to that in the New York metropolitan area each year.

"The most serious possible consequences of global warming are the continued impact on ice stability, and dangerously, ice may soon appear." Swiss research institute, scientists detailed Here's climate change data for the Glacier family to set up camp. The research team led by Dr. Conrad Stephens

arrived in the spring. Stephens set up 23 well-equipped weather stations, and once they complete their climate measurements every 15 seconds, this data enables computer models of global warming to be updated worldwide. "This is a very old piece of ice, 15 years old, and if the ice starts to melt, it will start a process of human civilization that we have never seen before."

We have never seen Greenland disappear. In 1992, 5.6 kilometers of melted ice entered the sea and disappeared. After 10 years, the number of glaciers that disappeared has more than doubled, melting 15.5 kilometers per year. Stephens had no idea that climate warming is accelerating the melting of glaciers, until he made the bizarre discovery of one of the most dangerous terrains in the world. The penetration of melting ice water and the erosion of glaciers has formed a huge tunnel called a glacial lake pocket. The team put down fiber-optic cameras, and they believe that the ice-forming melt cut through the bedrock, seeped 0.25 miles underground, and became the lubricant that accelerated the glacier's melt into the sea. The discovery startled Stephens and his team. These glacial lake caves cut through the ice all the way and formed a new mechanism to accelerate the disappearance of the ice.

The glaciers are melting rapidly. Yes, 1 meter of sea level rise takes 100 years. When the consequences would be catastrophic.

“The Greenland ice sheet contains just the right amount of water to raise global sea levels by about 7 meters.

, London, Bangkok, New York and Shanghai, these cities will be submerged under the sea at that time. ”

Many scientists believe that if the temperature rises by another 2 degrees, the earth on which human beings live will be completely changed. When global warming will further intensify, the polar circles that accelerate the melting of ice will disappear and the ice will melt. The ripple effects of global warming will become difficult to estimate, and a combination of solutions to slow global warming may be able to avoid a runaway 2-degree temperature rise. .

People think a lot about nothing, and switching to energy-saving lamps to improve the efficiency of thermal power plants will be the second step in the world before we seem to combine these programs with irreversible changes in the Earth's climate. That would certainly go a long way toward improving the situation.

Scientists are stepping up their efforts to combat climate computer models and simulate them in a few years. The most difficult challenge is how to estimate a 3-degree temperature rise. Because of the impact of the Amazon rainforest. Oxygen around the world is produced by these two tropical rainforests. "We want to know the future impact of climate change on the tropical rainforest, especially the Amazon rainforest, because this is very important from the ecology of the environment. And the economic aspect is very important to see. ”

The results from climate prediction models are worrying. A 3-degree temperature rise could start a serious vicious cycle leading to increased global warming. The highest rainfall on Earth could put this land into a dry climate. Highland areas.

“Sometimes people in the Amazon rainforest need to be reminded that they are likely to disappear. "The Amazon suffered its worst drought combined with super dry weather in the summer of 2005. This article appears at the beginning of the world's largest river, an extremely rare occurrence for its main stem and tributaries. Not only did water levels drop , but not dripping left. "The drought in the Amazon in 2005 was of such unprecedented proportions that Brazilian army helicopters had to carry large amounts of water to the stems of the Amazon River tributaries to save those villagers who had to rely on these rivers. Living on the coast. ”

After the drought, fires followed. In the summer of 2005, when this major natural disaster began, more than 2,500 square kilometers of forest were burned. There were five trees from the Amazon rainforest. As more and more forest disappears, the Amazon rainforest also loses resources. “With every tree lost, the threat looms one step closer. Local droughts and fires therefore increase the probability. "

Amazon ecologist Daniel Nisida has been researching for more than 25 years and has witnessed global warming and forest retreat step by step, pushing the local deadlock.

"We believe that we will solve the problem as quickly as possible. In a so-called vicious cycle, the fires caused by the 20-year drought will make the drought worse. The rollout comes much earlier than climate model estimates. "With a 3-degree increase in global average temperatures under extreme conditions, most of the Amazon rainforest will disappear. Billions of tons of carbon that have accumulated will be released, and therefore, global average temperatures are likely to rise further.

< p>"Everyone in the world is connected to this ecosystem. Looking back, humans had a chance to protect it, but we blew it. ”

If the average global temperature rises by 4 degrees, rising sea levels will flood densely populated deltas and make a billion people homeless. Bangladesh will be destroyed, Egypt will be submerged in water, and Venice will completely Submerged by seawater, glaciers will disappear, blocking freshwater sources for another billion people, and Scandinavia's beaches could be the future of St. Tropez. The Great West Antarctic ice source will be completely melted, causing more sea levels to rise, which is the scene after the world's average temperature may rise by 4 degrees Celsius

"The temperature of the earth will rise by 4 degrees. different. Some of the world's largest rivers could dry up, endangering the existence of tens or even hundreds of millions of people. "If the global average temperature really rises by 4 degrees, it will make the Ganges River one of the world's largest areas of destruction. The upper mountain glaciers and the Indian Ocean will be destroyed, and the local residents of India are in the Ganges River Basin of India. Perhaps the most sacred river in the world, the river rises from the Himalayas and is the source of life for more than a billion people, and is the source of water supply for China, Nepal, and India. Weather experts predict that India will become a major contributor to global climate change. The country is the most affected by the impact of global warming. We must take immediate measures to slow down global warming, otherwise for more than forty years, the continuation of the Ganges will become a problem, and the Himalayan glaciers that maintain the vast Ganges go to war here. The Himalayan glaciers are disappearing faster than other glaciers in the world. Swami Sundar, the 80-year-old yoga guru, is probably the one who clicked the shutter. It has been five years since I photographed the glacier at the source of the Ganges. "I first photographed the glacier in 1956. The changes in the glacier began to worry me in 1962. In 1965, I walked into the glacier and reached the milk mountain forest. Underfoot, I will go back in 15 years. The ice has disappeared. When I saw the glaciers receding, I was so worried that I cried. If there is no sacred Ganges in the future, the world will become an orphan of the mother. "The Swami Collection of Snow Photos," this article documents 50 years of changes in the giant glacier. NASA's satellite image log also confirms that the glacier is in serious regression.

What technology produces different images tells us is that the same side of the planet is at risk and, based on current exchange rates, will become the Ganges in the next 100 years if the ice recedes. The watershed has been hit hard. Melting glaciers will lead to unprecedented floods and subsequent disappearance of glaciers, making seasonal water shortages and famine the norm. At the current rate of retreat, Himalayan glaciers are expected to disappear by 2035, significantly reducing the living space for freshwater resources for more than one billion people. 4 degrees, with climate warming, sea levels may rise by one meter, involving major coastal cities around the world, including the most densely populated metropolitan areas in the United States.

Using data from historical figures and climate predictions. Vulcan Barlow, professor of geophysics, and New York's financial district, where future graduates will be affected by floods, were identified. “Parts of New York City and Manhattan will experience major flooding, especially in low-lying areas that are on the front lines of flood protection, running through the three hurricanes that formed in New York during high tide.” Any hurricane can cause secondary or tertiary flooding of the world’s financial capital. disaster. If sea levels rise sharply in unprecedented damage parts of New York City

The superstorm will be flooded with 7.6 meters of water. The situation is crystal clear, and unless we can slow the effects of global warming, major coastal cities will have to spend billions to defend them. The Geshilanhong Dam has entered the design stage, including the ability to switch its massive sea gates when storms hit. New York must build three large maritime gates. The Veda-Bolzano Narrows Bridge blocks a doorway in New York Harbor, another blocks a third seat behind Staten Island, and Long Island Sound. There are heavy doors driven by thousands of tons of powerful hydraulic engines, blocking an altitude of nine meters, which can be reached within the time frame of a storm. Britain spent more than a billion dollars building the Thames Sea Gates, and they protected London from seawater intrusion for years.

If the global average temperature rises by 5 degrees, these two regions are unfit for human habitation and can extend to the temperate regions of the northern and southern hemispheres, such as Los Angeles, Cairo, Lima, Mumbai and other major snow and groundwater supply layers around the world. cities will dry up. Refugees will be as many as hundreds of millions of people affected by climate change, which is the scene after the world's average temperature could rise by 5 degrees Celsius.

“If the current average temperature of the earth is 5 degrees higher than the current average temperature of the earth, human civilization will not be able to withstand such a significant impact.” Global climate change will become significant, and life on earth will face a nightmare future.

If the global average temperature rises by 6 degrees, it will still appear to be a deep blue sea from a distance, but it is actually a marine wilderness. Desert-like methods, as the military spread across the continents, natural disasters became commonplace. Some world-class metropolises will become obsolete. This is a scenario after the world's average temperature could rise by 6 degrees Celsius.

"If the global temperature rises within 6 degrees for a long time, it will be destructive to mankind and can be the biggest disaster in history. Do you think that if the global temperature rises within 6 degrees for a century, mankind will Facing global devastation, 6 degrees is the end of the world” when temperatures rise. Human life will be changed forever. But the future doesn’t have to be ruined. Most experts believe we can escape this nightmare.

The global average temperature has now risen by 0.8 degrees Celsius, but we are running out of time. If temperatures rise by 2 degrees and we face runaway global warming, all areas of our lives will be affected. "Scientific evidence shows that we must do everything we can to prevent further increases in greenhouse gas emissions within ten years. The timetable is 2015. This timetable is very tight. The main form of human energy supply must change within 10 years." Finding solutions starts at home.

Abori Lovis Think about it, salvation is the answer, it is energy use that reduces CO2 emissions. "Once we discover the benefits of energy conservation, political resistance will disappear faster than ice.

See the little red light in the corner? What if all appliances, including TVs, VCRs, DVD players, etc. were on standby? Or willpower, that's what's called, reducing standby power consumption to 0.109 watts would cost $60 per year for standalone electricity. "If you eliminated the standby power consumption of all homes in the United States, that would eliminate at least 18 power plants running in the country."

Lovins is not just talking about theory. The house he designed for himself in Aspen, Colorado, has no heater and the winter temperature drops to minus 17 degrees Celsius. "At this altitude of 7,100 feet, temperatures can drop to minus 47 degrees Celsius, there will be morning frosts year-round, and there will be 39 consecutive days of cloudy weather in the middle of winter." Lovins' house combines high technology with common sense. The power produced on the roof far exceeds that of a standard home solar panel, utilizing only 120 watts of power throughout the house, with only power consumption a little higher than that of a light bulb. "Energy is the most important, fastest growing and cheapest way to solve the climate problem and save money and create a more secure, prosperous and just and better world."

Besides home use Electricity, the second largest source of greenhouse gas emissions when parked outside the home. Two of the best cars for global greenhouse gas emissions. Emissions from transportation are more serious in developing countries, especially China.

The economy took off, allowing people to enjoy a privileged middle-class life, including buying a car. China has an alarming number of cars and high greenhouse gas emissions. There is a wave of new cars added every 10,004 million yuan. "We cannot stop China from developing in order to protect the future of the planet. Rich countries must take the lead and set an example, and we must be more proactive to reduce greenhouse gas emissions, thereby giving poorer countries room for economic development."

To avoid a 2-degree rise in dangerous critical temperatures, annual greenhouse gas emissions must be reduced by 70 million tonnes to increase the average fuel efficiency of cars, doubling from 25 kilometers per gallon to 50 kilometers per gallon, thereby reducing a billion tons of waste gas emissions, but we have also reduced billions of tons of greenhouse gas emissions, preventing the global average temperature from rising by 2 degrees. It looks like a parade through a land of giant robot armies. Humans have used windmills and wind power for thousands of years, and with the help of modern technology, windmills can power three hundred homes. Wind is a completely clean, renewable energy source, but wind power is not a panacea. "The wind is free, but the maintenance costs will cause a lot of problems in using the windmill." But the face of God must be seen. The world needs to build more than 2 million windmills to replace all the world's coal-fired power plants, and Sky is perhaps the best solution.

An international team of physicists has begun work in the UK to try to harness the power of the most powerful high-tech weapon, which is nuclear change.

They imitate the construction of the most powerful solar fields, nuclear reactor variations. They want to imitate sunlight, using the same energy that can provide unlimited energy and order. And does not produce any greenhouse gases. "This provides the energy, the energy of stars that illuminates much of the universe.

We try to replicate this process on Earth and use this energy to create powerful nations." It's a monumental task. Using explosive gases, engineers are unable to enter the core. They need new robots to do the work, the world's smartest and most capable robots designed for extreme environments. The reactor core is nearly 10 times hotter than the sun, wrapped in a powerful magnetic field and ultra-high temperature plasma, which melts the reactor shell and prevents overflow. This success is uncertain, and even if the reactor does succeed in operating it, it will take at least three years to manufacture a commercial power supply. Although ambitious, nuclear change is not the only idea on the horizon. Imagine outer space being filled with mirrors. Research projects estimate that a mirror between a million and three feet wide could block enough solar heat to cool the Earth. "We can't wait for others to discover wonderful free new energy sources, or use mirrors to reflect sunlight to keep the Earth cool. The truth is, we have to solve current problems, but our goals must be reached within ten years." Global energy consumption continues to increase, and humanity If the greenhouse gas emissions are too high, once global warming accelerates, the destructiveness will also be greatly increased when climate change will be fully formed. Global warming will become a "runaway train." The only question is: now that we know this, what are we going to do about it, that even the worst-case temperature rise of 6 degrees won't destroy all life on Earth. But global warming is a serious global economic prospect that will be completely different from today's world. To what extent will the earth's environment deteriorate? To solve this problem, the world's leading scientists have come up with two ideas. They don't know the answer, and the hope of mankind will never find the answer.