Traditional Culture Encyclopedia - Weather forecast - What's the difference between dry and hot wind and burning wind?
What's the difference between dry and hot wind and burning wind?
When the airflow passes through the ridge, dry and hot wind is easy to appear on the leeward side, which is called foehn. This kind of wind doesn't appear as often as mountain wind. It happens when the air pressure on both sides of the mountain is different.
When one side of the mountain is high pressure and the other side is low pressure, air will move from the high pressure area to the low pressure area. On the way of air movement, it is blocked by mountains and forced to rise, the air pressure decreases, the air expands and the temperature decreases. Every time the air rises 100 m, the temperature will drop by 0.6℃, and when the air rises to a certain height, it will condense when it meets cold water vapor, forming rain and snow. When the air reaches the ridge, it becomes thin and dry, then it crosses the ridge and descends along the slope. In the process of falling, the air becomes dense again and the temperature rises. Every time the air drops 100 meter, the temperature will increase by 65438 0 degrees Celsius. Therefore, when the air sinks to the foothills along the mountains, the temperature often rises sharply. Even if the air height on both sides of windward side and leeward side is the same, the air temperature on leeward side is always higher than that on windward side. Whenever dry hot air blows on the leeward hillside.
In early summer, a kind of high temperature and low humidity wind often appears in some parts of our country, which is dry and hot wind, also called "hot wind", "fire wind" and "dry wind". It is a specific weather phenomenon with a short duration (usually about 3 days).
Due to the different natural characteristics of different places, the causes of dry and hot wind are also different. In the early summer of each year, the climate in China's inland areas is hot, the rainfall is scarce, the temperature rises strongly, and the air pressure drops rapidly, forming a strong continental thermal depression. Around this hot low pressure, the pressure gradient increases with the increase of air mass temperature, so the dry-hot airflow rotates around the hot low pressure to form dry-hot wind, which is dry-hot wind. Strong dry and hot wind will do harm to local wheat, cotton and melons.
Mongolia with dry climate, west of Hetao in China, Xinjiang and Gansu are the areas that often produce continental thermal depression. After the heat and low pressure leave the source, it will become drier and drier along the way through the dry and hot Gobi desert, and the dry and hot wind will become stronger. The climate of Tarim Basin, located in the center of Eurasia, is extremely dry, and the "foehn wind" generated by the strong cold front crossing Tianshan and Pamirs often causes a wide range of dry and hot winds in the local area.
In the Huanghuai Plain, the main reason for the formation of dry-hot wind is based on the atmospheric drought in this area. The late spring and early summer is the season with the largest direct angle of the sun in the northern hemisphere, and it is also a sunny and rainy period before the rainy season in northern China. Under the control of dry air mass, it is sunny, dry and windy here, and the ground temperature rises rapidly (the average maximum temperature can reach 25-30℃), so there is less chance of rain caused by condensed clouds, and it is easy to form dry hot wind. This dry-hot wind is unfavorable to the later growth and development of wheat in this area.
In the Jianghuai Basin, the dry-hot wind is generated under the influence of the southwest airflow west of the Pacific subtropical high. The Pacific subtropical high is a deep warm and high pressure system, which consists of warm air from the ground to the sky. During spring and summer, this high pressure stayed over the Jianghuai Basin and then gradually moved northward. Because in the high pressure area, the wind direction is clockwise, so in the west of the subtropical high, the southwest wind is blowing. Located in the north and west of subtropical high, affected by this southwest wind, it produces dry and hot wind weather. In early summer, there is still a cold high pressure in the north, which continues to go south, weakening its power and degenerating; When it merged with the subtropical high, its power was strengthened, so that fine weather continued to be maintained and dry and hot winds became more obvious.
In short, the fan wind is due to the terrain, and the dry and hot wind is due to the climate.
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