Meteorological characteristics of high temperature and strong thermal radiation operation

The meteorological characteristics of high temperature and strong thermal radiation operation are high temperature, high thermal radiation intensity and low relative humidity, forming a dry and hot environment.

Working in high temperature environment refers to working under abnormal working conditions such as high temperature, strong thermal radiation or high air humidity (relative humidity ≥80%RH) and wet bulb temperature index (WBGT index) exceeding the specified limit. Including high temperature weather operations and high temperature operations in the workplace.

High temperature weather refers to the weather where the daily maximum temperature is above 35℃ released to the public by the meteorological offices and stations affiliated to the competent meteorological departments at or above the prefecture level. Hot weather operation refers to the operation that the employer arranges workers to carry out in a high-temperature natural meteorological environment in hot weather. High temperature operation in the workplace refers to the operation in which the average WBGT index in the workplace is ≥25℃ in the process of production and labor.

Metallurgical industry, including steelmaking, ironmaking, steel rolling, coking, etc. Casting, forging and heat treatment in machinery manufacturing industry; Kiln workers, furnace workers, etc. In the glass and refractory industries. In addition, there are paper-making, sugar-making, brick and tile industries, power plants, boiler rooms and diving cabins for trains and ships. , all belong to high temperature operation.

From the point of view of prevention, it is very necessary to do a good job of physical examination for high temperature workers before employment and in summer. Those who have high temperature contraindications such as cardiovascular diseases, central nervous system diseases and digestive system diseases are generally not suitable for high temperature operation and should be given corresponding prevention and treatment.

Provide refreshing drinks, cooling products and supplementary nutrition for heatstroke prevention and cooling: Salt soda, mung bean soup, soybean milk and sour plum soup should be selected for high-temperature drinks, and the drinking method should be small and multiple times. Towels, essential balm, Huoxiang Zhengqi water, Ren Dan and other heatstroke prevention and cooling products can be prepared. In addition, to establish a reasonable dietary system, protein and calories, vitamins A, B 1, B2, C and calcium should be supplemented in the diet.

High-temperature workers consume a lot of calories and sweat a lot, and the physiological metabolism of the body often changes, such as the secretion of saliva and gastric juice decreases and the concentration of gastric acid decreases. People who work in high temperature sweat 5~7 times as much as ordinary people every day. Due to the evaporation of sweat, inorganic salts such as potassium, sodium and calcium and water-soluble vitamins needed by human body are also lost with sweat.

If the discharged water and salt are not replenished in time, it will cause water and salt metabolism disorder and a series of pathological phenomena will appear. In the early stage, there are phenomena such as loss of appetite, nausea, dizziness, fatigue, limb weakness and physical decline. In severe cases, it will cause blood concentration, even cramp or heatstroke and faint.