?Northern Wei Dynasty royal general Yuanying: a famous general trained by Emperor Xiaowen's Sinicization

Yuanying (?—510.12.9), whose courtesy name was Hu'er, whose original name was Tuobaying, was the great-grandson of Emperor Taiwu Tuoba Tao, the grandson of Emperor Jingmu Tuoba Huang, and the son of King Tuoba Zhen of Nan'an. After Emperor Xiaowen's reform, he changed his surname to Yuan. He was a native of Dai (now Datong and Zuoyun, south of the Great Wall of Shanxi). He was a famous military general and musician during the Southern and Northern Dynasties. > During the reign of Emperor Xiaowen, Tuobaying was the general of Pingbei, the general of Wuchuan Town, and the fake Duke of Wei. Soon after he moved to Liang Yining, he was the governor of the military affairs of the three states, General Annan, the captain of Xirong, the general of Qiuchi Zhendu, and the governor of Liangzhou. > In the 19th year of Taihe (495), Emperor Xiaowen of Wei made an expedition to the south, and Tuobaying became the general of Hanzhong. When Emperor Xiaowen of Wei led his army to attack the Southern Qi Dynasty (now northeast of Fengyang, Anhui), he ordered Tuoba Ying to lead his army to defend the border area. Tuoba Ying believed that "the great force will move southeast, and there will be opportunities to take advantage of it in Hanzhong" ( "Book of Wei·Biography of Tuoba Ying"). In April, he requested to lead his troops to attack Hanzhong (today's Shaanxi Province) together with Pingnan General Liu Zao. This move was approved by Emperor Xiaowen. > When Tuoba Ying's army arrived at Ju River (located in present-day Ju River, a tributary of Luo River in Huangling, Shaanxi Province), Xiao Yi, the governor of Liangzhou in the Southern Qi Dynasty, sent his generals Yin Shaozu and Liang Jiqun to lead 20,000 troops to occupy the dangerous position. Set up a camp across the water to fight against the Wei army. Tuoba Ying believed: "That commander is a pariah and is arrogant. He cannot be subdued. He is supreme in numbers and does not know how to obey. If we select elite soldiers and attack a battalion together, and they do not save each other, I will defeat them. If we defeat an army, we will defeat them." , the four camps extricated themselves" ("Book of Wei·Biography of Tuoba Ying"). Immediately launched an attack, and as expected, the first camp of the Qi army was defeated, and the other four battalions did not come to rescue. The four battalions were defeated, and more than 700 people under Liang Jiqun were captured and more than 3,000 people were killed. Tuoba Ying took advantage of the victory and drove straight into the city of Nanzheng (now the eastern suburbs of Han Dynasty, Shaanxi Province). For a time, "the people of Hanchuan thought they were gods and followed them" ("Book of Wei: Biography of Tuoba Ying"). Li Tianqian and others from Liangzhou surrendered to the Wei army, and Tuoba Ying treated them with the courtesy of a national scholar. > After Xiao Yi heard about it, he sent his general Jiang Xiu to counterattack. At night, Tuoba Ying led his army to attack, which was quite lethal. Jiang Xiu was defeated repeatedly in battles, and all was captured by the Wei army. Jiang Xiu asked Xiao Yi for help again, but the enemy who was blocking the Wei army could not withstand the Qi army's attack, so he asked Tuoba Ying for help. Tuoba Ying led 1,000 cavalry to rescue them. Before arriving, the Qi army had already retreated. Tuoba Ying was worried that it would be difficult for the Qi army to annihilate the enemy after they returned to the city, so he ordered Yuanba, the commander of the army, to follow the Qi army, and led his army to intercept and rob the Qi army in front, encircling and annihilating the Qi army. > When the Wei army retreated, another unit sent by Xiao Yi arrived on the battlefield. The Wei army was all exhausted. Unexpectedly, the Qi army suddenly arrived, and the enemy was outnumbered. We were all frightened and prepared to flee. When Tuoba Ying saw the Qi army coming to attack, he deliberately relaxed his reins and drove his horse slowly, looking calm. Then he climbed up and looked around, pointing and arranging, as if setting up a formation, waiting for all the armies to arrive in line, and then ordered them to move forward. Xiao Yi suspected that the Wei army had set up an ambush and hesitated to advance. Tuobaying led the Wei army to take the opportunity to counterattack, defeated the Qi army, and then surrounded Nanzheng. At the same time, strict military discipline was enforced, and no violations were committed, so that people from far and near were happy to follow him, and they were all offered for rent. > Before Tuoba Ying arrived in Nanzheng, Xiao Zeng sent military leader Fan Jie to lead more than 3,000 men to attack the hordes. After Tuobaying surrounded Nanzheng, Xiao Yi held the city firmly. After hearing the news, Fan Jie wanted to return to the army for rescue. Tuobaying sent his commanders Li Pingdi, Li Tiequi and others to gather the natives from Brazil and Jinshou to cut off Fan Jie's retreat. Fan Jie fought to the death and defeated Li Ping's enemy army. Tuoba Ying waited for him to get close and attacked him with his surprise troops, capturing them all. The Wei army besieged it for dozens of days but failed to defeat it. At that time, the soldiers guarding the city were frightened. The Southern Qi Dynasty Recorder joined the army in Yuyu, sealed dozens of empty warehouses and pointed them out to the soldiers, saying, "They are all full of corn, enough to last for two years. You just have to worry about defending the city." Only then did the defenders in the city settle down. At this moment, Emperor Wei issued an edict to the class teacher. Tuoba Ying then ordered the old and weak soldiers to retreat first, led his elite troops to the rear, and also sent people to say goodbye to Xiao Yi. Xiao Yi thought there was a trick and did not dare to pursue him. One day after Tuoba Ying left, Xiao Yi still closed the door. Two days later, Xiao Yifang sent troops to pursue him. Tuoba Ying dismounted and fought with the soldiers, so that the Qi army did not dare to force each other. After four days and four nights, the Qi army returned and the Wei army was able to withdraw safely. When Tuoba Ying entered Xiegu, it was raining heavily and the march was extremely difficult. The Wei army cut bamboos to store rice and cooked it on their horses with torches. > In the Battle of Hanzhong, Tuobaying was extremely resourceful and outsmarted the Qi army several times to achieve the purpose of the battle. However, the Qi army suffered successive defeats due to insufficient troops, insufficient reinforcements, and improper command. > Previously, Xiao Yi had sent people to persuade the Di people to surrender in Qiuchi, so when Tuoba Ying withdrew his troops, Zhu Di sent troops to cut off Tuoba Ying's food route and return route. Tuoba Ying led his army to fight bravely, fighting and marching. Tuoba Ying's cheek was hit by a stray arrow. In order to stabilize the morale of the army, Tuoba Ying did not tell anyone and no one in the army knew about it. Only then did the Wei army return to Qiuchi. Then he sent troops to quell the Di. Tuoba Ying was promoted to General Annan due to his meritorious service and was given the title of Uncle Guangwu. > In the first month of the 20th year of Taihe (496), Emperor Xiaowen ordered that Tuoba's surname be changed to Yuan, the other Xianbei surnames were changed to Han surnames, and Tuoba Ying was renamed Yuanying. Yuanying stayed in Qiuchi for six years and was known as a powerful man. Later, his father died and Yuan Yingcai resigned. > After Emperor Xiaowen conquered Hanyang, he appointed Yuanying as the left guard general and the former general. Soon he was moved to Dazongzheng, and then transferred to Shangshu. He was still the general and guarded Jingzhou. > In the first month of the 23rd year of Taihe (499), Qi Taiwei Chen Xianda led Pingbei General Cui Huijing and others with 40,000 troops to attack Wei Jingzhou, hoping to regain the five counties of Yongzhou (which governs present-day Xiangfan, Hubei Province) lost in the previous year. Emperor Xiaowen ordered former general Yuanying to lead his troops to resist. In February, Yuan Ying fought against the Qi army, but was defeated in every battle. In March, Emperor Xiaowen set out from Luoyang (now northeast of Luoyang, Henan) and led his troops to personally conquer Chen Xianda.

After arriving in Nanyang, Yuanying was relieved of his official title. > In April, Emperor Xiaowen withdrew his troops and returned north to Luoyang due to illness. He died of illness on the way. Prince Yuan Ke ascended the throne and became Emperor Xuanwu of Wei. Emperor Xuanwu re-enabled Yuanying as Shangshu and Guangwu Bo. > In June of the first year of Jingming (500), Qi champion general Chen Bozhi led his troops to attack Shouyang again. In August, Wei Pengcheng Wang Yuanxie and Ruyin prefect Fu Yong led an army to defeat them. 9,000 people were killed and 10,000 were captured. The Huainan area was also occupied by the Wei army. Yuan Ying was ordered to go to the rescue, but before he arrived, the Wei army had won. That month, Wang Yuanxie of Pengcheng returned to Beijing, and Yuanying was ordered to conduct affairs in Yangzhou. > Soon, Yuanying returned to Beijing. In November of the second year of Jingming Dynasty (501), Yuan Ying petitioned for the southern expedition, saying: "I heard that it is the normal way of a country to cause chaos and insult the country. Chen Shi went to the brigade because of the opportunity. He stole a trivial treasure scroll. , disregarding the natural order, relying on mountains and rivers, and daring to resist China. Today, the demons have become more and more arrogant, insulting the five elements, neglecting the three righteousnesses, committing sexual acts, and killing innocent people. Going down the river, there is only an isolated city, and there is no heavy guard. This is the day that the emperor has given me, and it is easy to get lost in autumn. Qi Gong led 30,000 troops to attack Mianyin, occupying the city of Xiangyang and cutting off the Blackwater Road. I was in the upper reaches of the river, and I was very powerful. I drove southward and took the road to Jiangling. Now that it is close, if there is no surplus of five hundred, the land of Sanchu can be recovered in one day; the road to Minshu will be cut off on its own. He also ordered the two states of Xu to be promoted, and the Yuanjiang was burned down, leaving the ruins of the industry in ruins. , the fish swims in the cauldron. The master of military affairs is reborn, and Sun Hao's binding is heavy. The whole world is unified, and the world is unified. . This period is refreshing, and it will be conquered in the future" ("Book of Wei·Biography of Tuoba Ying"). But the matter was shelved. > Yuan Ying went to the table again and said: "I have heard that taking advantage of weakness to attack the weak is a matter of speed; attacking ignorance due to danger can lead to victory. Today's treasure scrolls are in chaos, flesh and blood are enemies of each other, and the tribes are garrisoned. I don't know where I'm going." The Yangtze River is isolated and far away from the sky, and there is no supply of food and supplies from the outside. This is a bird that is about to be burned, and it cannot be taken away. The land on the right side of the Yangtze River is the basis of the strategy. If it is removed, it will be difficult to move forward directly, or it may cause illness in peace. Today, Sima Yue, the governor of Yuzhou, has passed away, and Tian Yizong, the governor of East Yuzhou, is planning to guard it. "Three passes, please send military commanders to control them" ("Book of Wei: Biography of Tuoba Ying"). Emperor Xuanwu sent Zhi Xianyang Lingyin to be the military commander. Later Yuanying became the Minister of the Ministry of Civil Affairs for his military merits, and was promoted to the title of Changshan Marquis for his military merits. > Yuanying also once wrote in a memorial: "I would like to order students from all states and counties to pass the scriptures every three years. Because they are envoys, they will be listed, and then they will be sent to the counties to practice for the exam. I am a sage, and I respect the Tao and show my success." The style of uniformity embodies the beauty of light and glue. It is because the hall of Taixue has been placed in the country for a long time, and the teaching methods of the four schools have been established in Jingxian for many years. Que, those who do not want to reform should return to the people of Qi, and send them to the county to practice and test, and check the most important palace. The imperial capital has been moved, and the training in the hometown school will not be ignored, which will lead to the quality of the exam. , Junjiao Xueting; Lan Xiao's body, etc. are waiting for the teaching and literature department. Now that the imperial examination has been completed, I want to send four doctors who have mastered the Five Classics to say goodbye to the school and depose Zhi according to the order. He said: "His studies have been ruined for a long time. It cannot be persuaded by an envoy, but it is better to give him a farewell edict" ("Book of Wei: Biography of Tuoba Ying"). > In March of the fourth year of Jingming in the Northern Wei Dynasty (503), Xiao Baoyin, the original king of Poyang who surrendered to the Northern Wei Dynasty, and Chen Bozhi, the governor of Jiangzhou, requested the Northern Wei Dynasty to send troops to attack Liang. Emperor Xuanwu Yuan Ke agreed, and in April he ordered Xiao Baoyin to be the commander-in-chief of the military forces in Dongyangzhou and other three states to recruit heroes to cooperate with the southern attack; Chen Bozhi was appointed the commander-in-chief of the military forces in Huainan. In June, Emperor Xuanwu sent King Yuancheng of Rencheng to lead an army of 50,000, together with Xiao Baoyin, Chen Bozhi and others to attack Zhongli. > In August, Emperor Xuanwu ordered Yuan Ying to serve as envoy Chijie, pretend to be Zhennan general, and governor to conquer Yiyang's military forces, and lead the army to attack Yiyang (today's Xinyang, Henan). Cai Daogong, the governor of Liangsi Prefecture, heard that the Wei army was approaching, and sent the brave cavalry general Yang You to lead more than 3,000 residents outside the city to build a three-camp camp on the mountainside of Xianshou Mountain (today's southwest of Xinyang, Henan), ten miles southwest of the city, to serve as an internal and external barrier. > In October, Yuanying led troops to besiege Xianshou Mountain and burn the gate of the village. Yang Younai drove the buffaloes out of the camp, followed by troops. In order to avoid the buffalo followers, the Wei army had to retreat. Yuanying then divided his troops to surround and defend. That night, the villagers let Ma Ju kill Yang You and surrendered to the Northern Wei Dynasty. In November, Yuanying defeated Liang general Wu Ziyang in Baisha (southwest of today's Guangshan, Henan) and besieged Yiyang. > In February of the first year of Zhengshi (504), Emperor Liang Xiao Yan sent Pingxi General Cao Jingzong, Hou General Wang Senbing and others with 30,000 infantry and cavalry to reinforce Yiyang. Among them, Wang Sengbing led an army of 20,000 people and stationed in Zhuxian (now south of Xinyang, Henan Province), and Cao Jingzong led an army of 10,000 people to follow him. Yuanying sent champion general Yuan Cheng, Yang Lie general Cao Wenjing and others to garrison in Fancheng (now Xiangfan, Hubei) to fight against the Nanliang reinforcements. In March, Yuan Cheng led his troops to defeat Liang's reinforcements and captured more than 4,000 people. > The Wei army besieged Yiyang day and night, but due to the good command of Cai Daogong, Sizhou, the governor of Liang, the stalemate lasted for more than a hundred days, and the Wei army was quite damaged. Soon, Cai Daogong died of melancholy, and his younger brother, General Cai Lingen, conducted state affairs on his behalf. Seeing Cai Daogong's death, the Wei army stepped up their offensive and engaged in close combat. However, Liang general Cao Jingzong stayed in Chixian and spent all day hunting with his troops, not daring to reinforce Yiyang. > In July, Emperor Liang sent General Ningshuo Ma Xiandi to rescue Yiyang. Ma Xianju turned to fight and moved forward with a very strong force. Yuanying built fortifications at Shiya Mountain (now in Tongbai, Henan) to confront Jingzong. They also set up defensive formations to show their weakness, and then set up an ambush to lure Liang Jun.

Ma Xianpi didn't know what the plan was, so he led more than 10,000 troops to pursue Yiyang City and attacked Yuanying's camp. Yuanying pretended to be defeated. Ma Xianpi's troops pursued them until they reached the ground. Wei troops were ambushed everywhere. The commander, Fu Yong, wearing armor and holding a spear, rode in first. Only the leader, Cai Sanhu, assisted him and rushed across the formation. Liang Bing shot Fu Yong with an arrow, piercing his left buttock. Fu Yong drew the arrow and fought again. Ma Xianju was defeated and was killed at level 2300. Yulin Supervisor Deng Zhongnian and Ma Xianpi's son were also killed in the battle, and Ma Xianju retreated. When Yuan Ying saw that Fu Yong was injured, he said to him: "The public is injured, and he is still in the camp." Fu Yong said: "In the past, the ancestors of the Han Dynasty did not want others to know about it. Even though his official position was small, he was a general in the country, but how could he injure a thief? The name of the general!" Then he and the other troops pursued him and returned at night. At that time, Fu Yongnian was more than seventy years old, and everyone in the army was strong. Ma Xianpi led more than 10,000 troops to attack again, but Yuan Ying repelled them all, and killed Liang general Chen Xiuzhi. Cao Jingzong and Ma Xianju knew that Yiyang was in danger, so they led their elite troops to fight the Wei army. The two sides fought three times a day, and the Liang army was defeated. > In August, Cai Lingsi, the defender of Yiyang, surrendered to Wei after the reinforcements failed and the defenders were exhausted. After hearing about it, the guards at the three gates all abandoned the city and fled. After the Wei army occupied Yiyang, it was established as Yingzhou and Sima Yue was appointed as the governor. At the same time, Wei in the direction of Zhongli also made good progress, but in March, it withdrew to Shouyang due to the sudden rise of the Huai River. > In this battle, the Wei army had a clear main attack direction and timely reinforcements. Yuan Ying was even more flexible in tactics and repeatedly defeated the Liang army, allowing the Wei army to win the battle in the east and west directions in one fell swoop. However, Liang Jun went into battle passively and was unable to defend, leading to defeat. > Emperor Xuanwu issued an edict to commend Yuan Ying: "Knowing that the traitor city has been conquered, he regained control of the three passes, showed his power and opened up the territory, made a little public announcement, and praised himself both publicly and privately. He is a good man and is pleased. The general is determined internally, and loyal and loyal externally. After receiving Luyang's command, Keshen Temple calculated that although Uncle Fang controlled the wild thorns and summoned the tiger to sweep Huaipu, Pizzi was like this. At the beginning of Xinzhou, it was advisable to conduct a general strategy. If he wanted to do a good job in inspection, he would definitely order Zhou Gu. He was entrusted with something, and then returned triumphantly" ("Book of Wei: Biography of Tuoba Ying"). > After Yuanying's meritorious service in Ping Hanyang, Emperor Xiaowen promised to restore Yuanying to the throne, but because Yuanying was later defeated by Chen Xianda, the matter was shelved. The victory in the Battle of Yiyang made Emperor Xuanwu very happy, so he restored his title to the throne and changed it to the title of King of Zhongshan, with a settlement of 1,000 households. He sent the ambassador and Honglu Shaoqing to pay homage to Yanji. > Yuan Ying sent Cai Lingen and Liang Shangshulang Cai Senxie, former army general and Yiyang prefect Feng Daoyao, guerrilla general Bao Huaishen, Tianmen prefect Wang Chengbo, Pingbei Prefecture Sima Zongxiang, Pingbei Prefecture proposed to join the army Fucan, and gave the matter to Zhong, Cai Daoji, general Ningshuo, Pang Xiu, a Chinese soldier who joined the army, and dozens of others arrived in the capital. Emperor Xuanwu issued an edict: "When Jiangnan is leveled, these people can be released" ("Book of Wei: Biography of Tuoba Ying"). After Yuanying returned to Beijing, Emperor Xuanwu praised him greatly and added a thousand households to his fief. > In August of the second year of Zhengshi (505), Yuanying was ordered to attack Yongzhou again. In October, Emperor Liang Xiao Yan raised an army to attack the Northern Wei Dynasty. With his younger brother Xiao Hong as the commander, he led the army to Luokou (now Huaiyuan, Anhui). > In February of the third year of Zhengshi (506), Liang Xuzhou governor Chang Yizhi fought with Wei Pingnan general Chen Bo in Liangcheng (near Tianjia'an in Huainan, Anhui), and Chang Yizhi was defeated. In April, the Northern Wei Dynasty used Zhongshan Wang Yuanying as an envoy to hold the festival, and added casual cavalry and regular attendants to conquer the southern generals, governor Yang Xu and other military forces. He led an army of 100,000 to attack the Liang army. Emperor Xuanwu said to Yuan Ying: "The bandits are so strong that they surrounded Feiliang, and the frontier generals followed behind, which led to this. Therefore, if you do this, you will definitely win, but the army will be flooded and stagnant, and Feiliang has fallen. After hearing this, I'm sorry, this is a good picture. Now there are tens of thousands of troops gathered. If we are to make progress, we will be safe in the period of defeat. How many days will it take to reach the enemy? The rule of victory is certain. Who should go first? Therefore, Wang Yun, the captain of the infantry school and the leader of the bookstore, was sent to obtain the secrets" ("Book of Wei: Biography of Tuoba Ying"). Yuan Ying expressed the situation. > In July, Yuan Ying defeated Wang Boyao, the governor of Xuzhou in the south of Liang Dynasty, in Yinling (now northwest of Dingyuan, Anhui), and killed 25 Liang generals. The Liang army lost more than 5,000 people. In September, Yuan Ying and Xing Luan joined forces. The commander of the Liang army, Xiao Hong, was cowardly and foolish. After learning the news that the Wei army had joined forces to attack Liang, he was very frightened and decided to withdraw his troops. Wei General Xi Kangsheng sent Yang Dayan to Yuan Ying and said: "The Liang people have not marched for a long time since they defeated Liang City. Their power is obvious and they must be afraid of me. If the king advances to occupy Luoshui, he will be defeated." Yuan Ying. Said: "Although Xiao Linchuan is idle, there are good generals Wei and Pei under him, so he should not take it lightly. It is better to wait and see the situation and not to fight" ("Zizhi Tongjian·Volume 146"). > When the weather in Luokou suddenly changed and there was a violent storm all night, Xiao Hong ignored the opposition of Chang Yi and other generals, abandoned the army and fled with several cavalry. The Liang army officers and soldiers in Luokou then dispersed and returned, and the Wei army pursued them. The Liang army lost nearly 50,000 people, killed 42 Liang generals, and gained 300,000 shi of grain and rice. And forced Chang Yizhi to abandon Liangcheng and move his army to guard Zhongli. > At that time, Emperor Xuanwu had the ambition to destroy the Liang Dynasty, and said in his condolences to the Yuan Dynasty: "Knowing that the great destroyer of the whale bandits is powerful in the South China Sea, Jiangpu is dustless, and the three Chus are in chaos, their voices are in the wilderness, and they are on the same track. Public and private celebrations, good things. I am pregnant. I will take advantage of my power to drive away the Wuhui. I will pull the ashes and intercept them in the southeast." ("Book of Wei·Biography of Tuoba Ying"). Yuan Ying then led his army to attack south, captured Ma Tou (located in the west of Zhongli, south of Huaiyuan, Anhui today), and transported all the grain stored in the city north. > In October, Yuanying and Zhendong General Xiao Baoyin led their troops to besiege Zhongli. In November, Emperor Liang ordered General Cao Jingzong of the right guard to command 200,000 troops to rescue Zhongli and camp in Renzhou (now in the Huaihe River northeast of Fengyang, Anhui) until all the troops were gathered and advance together. > In the first month of the fourth year of Zhengshi (507), Yuanying and Pingdong General Yang Dayan led hundreds of thousands of troops to attack Zhongli, and built bridges and tree gates on both sides of Shaoyangzhou (located in the west of Daorenzhou) as a passage across the Huaihe River.

Yuan Ying occupied the south bank and attacked the city, while Yang Dayan occupied the north bank and built a city to support it to connect the grain road. There were only 3,000 people left in the city, and the governor of Changyi led the soldiers of the Liang Army to fight hard. The water in the Zhongli city trench was deep, so the Wei army used vehicles and people to transport earth to fill the trench, and set up flying towers to rush and hit the city wall with their chariots. Liang Shoujun used soil to repair the damage. The Wei army attacked hard day and night, taking turns to attack. There were dozens of civil wars in one day, and tens of thousands of people were killed and wounded by the Liang army. Still not overcome. > In February, Emperor Xuanwu ordered Yuanying to return the army because the land there was steaming wet and the offensive force was exhausted for a long time. It was not suitable to fight again. The edict said: "The teacher has been on the road for a long time, the soldiers and horses are tired, the enemy's city is dangerous and solid, and it is difficult for the soldiers to attack and slaughter. At the turn of winter and spring, if there is a slight chance of victory, there will be a hundred thousand people, and the daily expenses will be exhausted. The plan will be developed later, and it will not wait until now. Xu Yan can be deployed secretly, in order to consolidate the territory and launch a military strategy. The left and right barbarians should flee, or flee to the mountains and lakes, or if the cunning party is in trouble, If there are those who need to be cut off, they can be swept away to clear the border. If they are strong and cunning, and they are not easy to exert their efforts, they will not be bothered by the delay." Yuan Ying asked for an extension of time. : "I have resigned to attack the criminals, and I am determined to kill the bandits. I hope that the enemy will attack by the end of February and the beginning of March. It is certain that they will be defeated. But since the first day of this month, there have been continuous rains, which can be said to be contrary to nature. I wish. However, it is not easy for the king to do his job, and he cannot avoid being flooded. I also thought: if the weather is fine and the ground is dry after March, it will not continue to rain. As for the attackers, I have already built a higher bridge at Shaoyang to prevent it from overflowing due to unexpected floods. I am also worried that the bridge will be damaged. I have also partially built a ship and built a pontoon bridge at the narrow water in Zhongli City. By mid-March, the bridge will be completed. When the weather is clear, we will attack, and when it is raining, we will defend it. If we are to conquer the land and water, I really hope that the imperial court will take a long-distance approach and grant less lenient measures. I will use the sun and the moon to do nothing, but I will give up on the mountain." Emperor Xuanwu issued another edict: "The army has been working hard in the field for a long time, and the direction of attack and defense can be foreseen. Bipin Deqi will not be able to win in late spring, and the province will return to the end of Mengxia. The soil is steaming and muddy. It is not advisable to be flooded for a long time. Although the force must be taken, it is the general's deep plan. The army is exhausted for a long time, which is also a concern for the court. Therefore, the commander is sent to Cao Dao to observe the army's situation and send him back." Wait for Cao Dao to return. , Yuanying still said: "Keke" ("Book of Wei·Biography of Tuoba Ying"). Emperor Wei then sent Infantry Colonel Fan Shao to Yuanying Camp to discuss the matter of capture. > At that time, Emperor Liang had ordered Wei Rui, the governor of Yuzhou, to lead troops from Hefei (now part of Anhui) to reinforce Zhongli and be under the control of Cao Jingzong. The two armies of Cao and Wei entered Shaoyangzhou. At night, Wei Rui led his troops to dig a long moat 20 miles in front of Cao Jingzong's camp, tree antlers, and cut the island into a city. It was only a hundred steps away from the Wei army's castle. At dawn, Yuan Ying was shocked when he saw it. Cao Jingzong sent people to dive into the city to deliver the message. When Changyi learned that reinforcements had arrived, his courage doubled. Yuan Ying led his troops to fight again. They gathered together one day and attacked again at night, but they were all repulsed. > In March, the Huai River surged six to seven feet, and Wei Rui sent his navy to attack the Wei army on the island in fighting ships. Another boat was used to carry hay, filled with oil, and set fire to the bridge in the wind. At the same time, men who dared to die were sent to pull out the fence and cut down the bridge. The floods were particularly strong at that time, and all of a sudden, the bridge gates were all covered with trenches and trenches. The trenches at Yilu were completely exhausted. More than 100,000 people were prepared to cross the river. Yuan Ying escaped by chance, and Yang Dayan also burned the camp and left. Liang Jun took advantage of the victory to pursue and captured another 50,000 people. > The Battle of Zhongli was the first disastrous defeat after the founding of the Northern Wei Dynasty, with a loss of 250,000 people. After Yuanying arrived in Yangzhou, he sent people to send festivals, clothes, diaochan, and seals and ribbons. In August, a minister impeached Yuan Ying, believing that his army was the commander-in-chief, his command was unfavorable, and he should be executed. Emperor Xuanwu exempted Yuanying from death and demoted him to a commoner. >In August of the first year of Yongping (508), Wang Yuanyu of Jingzhao rebelled. In September, Emperor Xuanwu restored Yuan Ying's official position and granted him a thousand households in the city. In addition to the envoy Chijie, he pretended to be a general in the east and the governor of Jizhou's military, and led his troops to put down the rebellion. Before Yuan Ying set out, Yuan Yu's rebellion had been put down. > In this month, Sima Pengzhen and others in Yingzhou (governing Yiyang) in the Northern Wei Dynasty rebelled against Wei and secretly led the Liang army to attack Yiyang. At the same time, Hou Deng, the garrison leader of the three passes of the Northern Wei Dynasty (i.e. Wuyang Pass, Pingjing Pass, and Huangxian Pass, located in Luoshan and Xinyang South of present-day Henan), lowered the city to Liang. Lou Yue, the governor of Wei Yingzhou, defended Yiyang City. Emperor Xuanwu of the Wei Dynasty, Yuan Ke, ordered Zhongshan Wang Yuanying to serve as envoy Chijie, governor of the Southern Expedition, and pretend to be the general of the Southern Expedition. He led 30,000 infantry and cavalry from Runan (now part of Henan) to rescue. In October, Bai Zaosheng, a citizen of Xuanhu City, and others killed Sima Yue, the governor of Yuzhou, and rebelled in the south of the city. > Emperor Xuanwu said to Yuan Ying: "Lou Yuesui lost peace with the emperor, and Quanheng was secretly involved in Jian Shu, so the people of Ying led the invaders, and the garrison fled, leaving Yiyang alone and embarrassed. There is a danger of hanging upside down. King, the country calls for tigers. , The prestige has been strong, so Prince Qu is in charge of Yuan Rong to clear up the filth. In the past, Wei Huo lived in peace for the sake of the Huns. Now the southern border is not peaceful, so the king cannot excuse himself from working hard." Yuan Ying replied: "The minister is not Han Bai, but he knows Sun Wu secretly. He is the leader of the clan, and he frequently recommends the boss. The strategy is short-lived, and the law is lost. It is appropriate for Zhang Zi to kill him in order to thank the world. Your Majesty has thought deeply of you, I love to wait for Zhongniu, and I will join Xunbo and reborn in the Ming Dynasty. I vow to pursue the Meng family and take revenge for a period of time. How can I kill the Wei bandits in Guan Ying? The strategy for destroying the thieves is already in my eyes. I hope your majesty will not bother you. "Ye." Emperor Xuanwu said again: "Search to the southeast and follow Chu again. I hope you will see the general. Zhongli's death is not enough to harm your great virtue. I have no worries about the three armies of the king now." ("Book of Wei Tuoba" "Biography of England"). > In November, Emperor Xuanwu received frequent reports of success from Shangshu Xingluan in his campaign against the rebel general Bai Zaosheng, the leader of the Wei Xuanhu army, so he once again ordered Yuanying to quickly assist Yiyang. Due to insufficient troops, Yuanying kept asking for reinforcements, but Emperor Xuanwu refused to send more. Therefore, Yuanying transferred to Xuanhu (now Runan, Henan), joined forces with Xingluan, and joined forces to attack Xuanhu. > In December, Nanliang deputy general Qi Gouer and others opened the city gate and surrendered. The Wei army killed Bai Zaosheng and dozens of his party members. Subsequently, Yuanying led his army straight to Yiyang.

Zhang Daoning, the general of Ningshuo in Southern Liang, heard that Yuanying was coming and abandoned the Chu King's City (today's south of Runan, Henan) to escape. Yuanying pursued, beheaded Zhang Daoning and Huben Zhonglang Cao Kusheng, and captured all of them. The entire territory of Yingzhou returned to peace. > In the first month of the second year of Yongping (509), after Yuanying arrived in Yiyang, he would take three passes. Yuanying believed: "The three passes must be like the left and right hands. If one pass is overcome, the two passes will not be attacked. It is not as difficult to attack as It is easy to attack, and Dongguan is easy to attack, so it is better to take it first, which is what Huang Shigong said: "War is like the wind, attack is like the river" ("Book of Wei·Biography of Tuoba Ying"). Yuan Ying was worried that the enemy would concentrate its forces in Dongguan, so he sent Chief Shi Lihua to lead the Fifth Army to Xiguan, divide their forces, and then personally supervise the army to attack Dongguan. Previously, Ma Xianju sent Yunqi general Ma Guang and his troops to Changbo to defend the Wei army, while the military leader Hu Wenchao also stationed in Songxian. When Yuanying arrived at Changbo, Ma Guang fled into Wuyang at night, and Yuanying led his army to attack. When Yuan Ying heard that Emperor Liang sent the champion general Peng Wengsheng and the hussar general Xu Chaoxiu to reinforce Wuyang, he stopped his advance and said to the generals: "Even if you send troops to enter this city, I first observed its situation. It is easy to attack. I will take it." It's like picking up lost things" ("Book of Wei·Biography of Tuoba Ying"). But the generals didn't believe it. After Peng Wengsheng and others entered Wuyang, Yuan Yingcai besieged Wuyang. It only took six days for Ma Guang and others to surrender. So Yuan Ying attacked Huang Xian, and Prince Liang Zuowei led Li Yuanlu to abandon the city and flee. Yuan Ying went to attack Xiguan again, and Ma Xianjue also retreated. The course of the battle was exactly as Yuanying expected. In this battle, Yuanying's army captured 6 Liang Jun generals, 20 generals, 7,000 soldiers, 400,000 shi of rice, and considerable military resources. > Shi Yuanying pursued Ma Xianju in a hurry and put Zhongli to shame. Later, when he heard that Emperor Liang sent Wei Rui to come for reinforcements, he stopped his pursuit. At this time, Emperor Xuanwu ordered the troops to stop. After returning to the court, Yuan Ying was appointed as Minister of Public Affairs. > Yuan Ying passed away on Xinmao in October of the third year of Yongping (that is, December 9, 510 AD).

Give Dongyuan a secret weapon, a court robe, and 700 pieces of silk as a gift to Mr. Situ, with the posthumous title of King Xianwu