Shenzhen bites small flying insects?

CERATOPOGONIDAE: Insecta, Diptera, CERATOPOGONIDAE. Commonly known as "bite", "mosquito" or "midge, cypress", mouthparts are piercing and sucking, and there are more than 400 kinds in the world. There are about 200 species of blood-sucking midges in China, among which Culex pipiens, midges and Eriocheir sinensis have a great relationship with people. The life history of midges can be divided into four stages: egg, larva, pupa and adult. Adults are about 1 ~ 4 mm small, black or brown. They often accumulate stagnant water in ponds, swamps, tree holes and caves, and shelter wet soil. Their life span is about 65438 0 months, and they overwinter as larvae or eggs.

Midges-living habits

In Malawi, Africa, midges gather on the lake.

Diptera midges, about 4 mm long and with wings, choose to fly in groups at low altitude at night. The habits of midges are somewhat similar to those of mosquitoes. Males feed on plant juices, while females feed on animal blood. Experts say that after a female midge bites a person, the bitten person may have allergic symptoms such as local fever and itching. Studies have proved that biting humans after sucking the blood of domestic animals will transmit germs from some animals to humans.

Insects fly in groups, looking for mates. Most midges broke out in July, and after one month, their numbers began to decrease until they disappeared, and reappeared the next year. Most midges lay eggs in low puddles and wet mud, and the incubation temperature is about 28℃. Generally, it only takes 5 days to hatch larvae. A while ago, heavy rain caused a lot of water accumulation, which created favorable conditions for midges to lay eggs. Experts predict that the midges that have appeared recently are only the first or second generation adults this year. Once all the eggs they laid in stagnant water developed into midges, the density would be much higher than now.

Rainy and humid weather is very suitable for the growth of midges, which is why the density of midges is so large. After being bitten by midges, toilet water and essential oil should be applied immediately, and alcohol can be used for disinfection if possible. If midges fly into the house, they can be sprayed with pesticides, and if there is a puddle near the house, they can also be sprinkled with insecticidal powder to kill the larvae. The staff member said that the "life span" of adults is only one month, and in more than 20 days, the worms will die.

Midges-health hazards

In hot summer, mosquitoes run rampant, and almost everyone has been bitten by mosquitoes. Sometimes, some mosquitoes are particularly "poisonous", not only swollen badly, but also itchy, and it takes several days to get better. In fact, most of this situation is not caused by mosquitoes, but by another kind of insect called midges.

Midges are similar to mosquitoes, but smaller, about the size of sesame seeds, with a dark brown appearance. Midges are most common in summer and autumn, and often fly in groups in wet places such as Woods, heaven and earth, lawns, etc. And it is most active in the morning and evening. Midges usually like to breed in dark places with dead leaves. Although midges are smaller than mosquitoes, they are more fierce than mosquitoes. Generally, a mosquito will bite one or two at a time, while midges will bite eight or ten at a time. Any exposed skin may be attacked, such as hands, feet, arms, legs and neck.

symptom

Midges, like mosquitoes, suck blood when they bite. After the bite, the wound will itch, then it will be red and swollen, and the itching will be more serious. Different from mosquitoes, the plaque caused by biting midges is larger, harder to feel and more obvious edema. Local pores become larger and become small points that sag downward, which look like orange peel, and sometimes inflammation and blisters appear. The bite of the midge is itchy, and neither ordinary toilet water nor wind-expelling oil can stop itching and reduce swelling. Redness often takes several days to subside, which is more difficult to heal than mosquito bites. There may be temporary pigmentation after dissipation, and then it will return to normal.

Midges-prevention method

* When entering damp and dark places such as Woods and lawns, it is best to wear trousers and long-sleeved clothes to prevent midges from entering.

* Keep the surroundings dry and sunny, because sunlight will kill them.

* Prune flowers and trees frequently, clean up dead leaves, and leave no breeding soil for midges.

Prevention and control measures of biting midges.

Symptoms and signs: when biting human blood, the bitten parts will have local reactions and itching, which can cause systemic allergy in severe cases. Midges can spread many parasitic diseases and viral diseases. Because midges don't fly high, they often bite bare parts such as calves, instep, forearms, ears, face, etc., and the rash is scattered and there is a feeling of itching. There are two kinds of injuries to the skin of the bitten area. One is the quick-acting wind mass, with a bite mark in the center, which reaches its peak within half an hour and disappears within 24 hours, leaving no trace. The other is delayed wheal, which appears edematous erythema within 24 hours after biting12 ~ 24 hours, and then becomes wheal, with petechiae or papules as big as mung beans in the center, and some can become blisters. In severe cases, vascular edema or systemic wheal and massive ecchymosis may occur. Scratching, scalding with hot water or field work, as well as the stimulation of weeds and sludge often lead to erosion, exudation or secondary infection, and eczema-like dermatitis may occur for a long time. Repeated occurrence of 2 ~ 3 years can produce immunity, even if bitten by midges again, it will not get sick. Therefore, dermatitis after biting by midges is more common in people who have no immunity to it. Most residents who grew up in midges or people in rural mountainous areas did not respond after being bitten by midges.

Etiology of disease: midges are most common in summer and autumn. They often fly in groups in the Woods, fields, grasslands, depressions and houses during the day or evening, generally less than one meter from the ground, and their range of activities is very small. April-May and 9- 10 are the breeding seasons of midges every year. Male midges don't suck blood, only female midges suck human, poultry and livestock blood, and some midges like to suck human blood.

Pathophysiology: sucking blood with beak, biting people and gluttony, but disturbing them, eating and not flying. Midges not only suck blood to damage the skin, but also spread many infectious diseases. Now it is known that it is the transmission vector of 18 kinds of human and animal parasites, and it also carries 22 kinds of viruses related to people and animals.

Treatment plan: When people are bitten, local redness and itching can be washed with 10% alkaline water or ammonia water or rubbed with cool oil. Apply 1% phenol or mint calamine lotion after dermatitis. If there is secondary infection, antibiotics should be given as soon as possible or washed with wild chrysanthemum dandelion soup. The nodules formed can be cured by injecting prednisolone or triamcinolone acetonide into the skin lesions once a week/kloc-0 times, usually 2 ~ 3 times. Those with severe reaction were given antihistamines or corticosteroids.

Prediction and prevention: spraying pesticides on the breeding grounds and habitats of midges. Wear long-sleeved clothes, shoes and socks, a mask and a towel around your neck to prevent biting by midges. Before working in the field, apply anti-midges to your skin.

Drugs related to midge bites: ammonia cooling oil mint calamine prednisone triamcinolone acetonide corticosteroids.

I suffer greatly from it, and I hope all of the above can help my classmates.