Impressions of South America. urgent! urgent! urgent! urgent! urgent!

The reporter learned yesterday that after the Central American country Cuba opened itself as a self-funded outbound travel destination for Chinese citizens, relevant departments are about to open some countries in South America as self-funded outbound travel destinations for Chinese citizens. On the 11th, my ambassador to Peru signed the "Agreement on Mutual Exchanges of Citizens between the Government of the People's Republic of China and the Government of the Republic of Peru" with the relevant persons in charge in Peru. Experts say that the signing of this agreement means that Peru will soon become the first South American country in my country to open its citizens to self-funded outbound travel destinations.

My country’s ambassador to Peru, Mai Guoyan, believes that the signing of the agreement will further promote various exchanges between the two peoples, strengthen economic and cultural exchanges between the two countries, and promote mutual tourism and trade. develop.

When talking about the prospects for tourism cooperation between China and Peru, Peruvian Foreign Minister Alan Wagner pointed out that China is a world economic power, the Chinese tourism market will provide Peru with huge opportunities, and the Peruvian government will provide Chinese tourists with Provide more convenience to entrepreneurs and others in order to strive for China to declare Peru as an official tourist destination for Chinese citizens in the near future.

However, experts believe that it is too early to open Peru as a destination country for Chinese citizens to travel abroad at their own expense. Because there is currently no economical means of transportation in our country that can reach South America in a relatively short time, opening up does not have much practical significance for travel agencies.

Brazil, the largest country in South America

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Brazil Tourism Overview

Brazil is the largest country in South America, with a land area of ??8,511,965 square kilometers, land area, population, economic strength and economic development level all rank first in South America. Due to its vast land area, abundant forests, minerals, and water resources, as well as government encouragement, Brazil has become an ideal target for foreign investment. For many years, Brazil has been one of the most successful countries in the world in attracting foreign investment.

Brazil is a multi-ethnic and colorful country, famous for its many festivals. Spring and autumn are the best times to travel to Brazil. There are many interesting things in this magical land. In addition to football, samba, and various programs, you can also visit the three famous cities in Brazil - Brasilia, Sao Paulo, and Rio de Janeiro. For those who like nature, the Amazon Forest and Iguazu Falls , Amazon Tide is also a must-experience.

Business Etiquette

During a business visit, it is advisable to wear a conservative dark suit. Always remember to be warm and friendly in your words and deeds. Regardless of whether you are visiting a government agency or a private institution, you must make an appointment in advance. St. Paul's commercial grain attaches great importance to punctuality and should not be careless. Brasilia is the new modern capital, but the commercial center is still the city of S?o Paulo. S?o Paulo is located in the large cliffs of the Mar Mountains in the southeastern part of the Brazilian Plateau. It has a population of more than 8.63 million. It is the largest city in Brazil and the capital of S?o Paulo. It is 63 kilometers southeast from the outer port of Santos. It is now Brazil's largest industrial center, accounting for about half of the country's industrial production. Trade in coffee, frozen meat, sugar, cotton and other industries is booming. Brazil ranks fourth in the world in arms exports.

In Brazil, the color is brown, purple represents sadness, and yellow represents despair. They believe that death is like a yellow leaf falling, so they taboo against brown color. People have a superstitious belief that purple will bring sadness to people. In addition, dark brown color is also believed to bring bad luck. So, I really hate this color. In Brazil, there has been an example of such a failure. The clocks exported from Japan to Brazil were not popular because they were equipped with purple ribbons on the clock boxes. Purple was considered an unlucky color. In Brazil, it is more convenient and friendly to speak and write in the local language. Business cards should have common local characters, and product descriptions should be in local characters.

Brazilians are not shy about showing affection. People hug each other warmly when they meet on the street. Both men and women shake hands when meeting and parting. When the women meet, their faces are close to each other and they make kissing sounds with their mouths, but their mouths do not touch their faces.

When conducting business negotiations with Brazilian businessmen, be sure to attend appointments on time. If the other party is late, even if it is 1-2 hours, we should understand. Like most Latin Americans, Brazilians have a relaxed attitude toward time and work. When dealing with Brazilians, don't talk about work first when the host doesn't mention work. When talking, be affectionate and close, but don't make mistakes. No matter how hot the weather is there, it is appropriate to wear dark clothing. Brazilians particularly love children and can praise their children during conversations. Brazilian men love to laugh, but guests shy away from jokes involving local ethnic groups. It is best to keep silent about local political issues.

On the second day after being a guest in a Brazilian home, you should ask someone to send the hostess a bouquet of flowers or a note of thanks. Never send purple flowers as purple is a symbol of death.

Food Habits

Brazil is a country composed of Europeans, Africans, Indians, Arabs and Orientals, but the core is Brazilians of Portuguese origin. In addition, since immigrants from southern European countries such as Spain and Italy account for an overwhelming majority in Brazil, Brazilian customs are very similar to those of Portugal and southern Europe. In terms of diet, Brazilians are characterized by taking rice as their staple food. They like to sprinkle potato flour similar to potato flour on fried rice, and eat it with beans similar to cauliflower beans.

In the past, Brazilians did not like edible vegetables. Since immigrants planted a large number of high-quality vegetables, Brazilians’ tables have become richer. Eating fish is not yet completely popular among Brazilians, and is usually only eaten on Fridays and Easter. However, they all like to eat shrimp, but the price is very expensive. For a happy weekend meal, Brazilians like to grill large chunks of meat over the fire.

"Ash Wednesday" is the last day of Carnival, Brazil's most famous carnival. In fact, business activity in Brazil almost completely stops for a week before and after this date, and travel should be avoided during this period. The local "summer vacation" is from December to February of the following year, and it is recommended to visit during other times. Brazil’s public holidays: January 1st, April 21st, May 1st, September 7th, November 15th, December 25th. In addition, although January 6, February 17-18, June 24 and 29 are not public holidays, there is insufficient labor. Brazil has a seasonal period from September to February of the following year, and about 90% of the annual rainfall is concentrated in the seasonal period.

Note that Brazilian dinner starts at 8 or 9 o'clock in the morning and 12 o'clock in the evening. Drinking water is not safe. Only boiled water or bottled drinks are allowed.

In addition, the Indians in Brazil have an interesting custom. Bathing and eating are the most important things in their lives. If someone comes to their home as a guest, they invite the guest to jump into the river and take a bath together, again and again, sometimes more than ten times a day. It is said that this is the most respectful etiquette they show to their guests, and the more times they bathe, the more polite and respectful they are to their guests.

Travel souvenirs

Most tourists who come to Brazil cannot resist the temptation of gems. Brazil has a wide variety of gemstones, including amethyst, opal, topaz, diamond, jade, ruby, sapphire, etc. 65% of the world's colored gemstones are produced in Brazil.

Today, Brazil is the world's leading jewelry center. Since these gemstones are mined, cut, set, and designed all in Brazil, the prices are low and attractive. The value of a gemstone is determined by its color and texture. When choosing gemstones, you should pay attention to four points: color, cut, purity and price. The stronger the colored light, the higher the price.

Another thing worth buying in Brazil is leather goods, such as leather shoes, slippers, leather bags, wallets, etc. Some of the finest leather goods come from southern Brazil, and handmade leather goods can also be purchased at street craft markets. There are also handicrafts, such as pottery, handmade lace and embroidery from the Northeast. Most of the tempting Indian handicrafts come from the northern Amazon. Beautiful woodware, straw ornaments, etc. can be found everywhere across the country.

Don’t forget Brazil’s famous coffee. Buy a few bottles and give them away, they will definitely be popular. Supermarkets and bakeries sell roasted and finely ground coffee, which is vacuum-packed to keep it fresh, or you can buy coffee in easy-to-handle paper bags at the airport.

Colorful Festivals

When talking about Brazil, people always think of Carnival. During the Carnival, the whole country in Brazil, from toddlers to gray-haired old people, housewives from slums to ladies and gentlemen, will flock to the streets to enjoy the carnival. Carnival originated in medieval Europe and was most popular in Catholic Latin countries such as Italy, Spain, France, and Portugal. The official festival is the first three days of Lent. Because the church prohibits eating meat and entertainment during Lent, people sing and dance for several days before entering Lent in order to have fun. Over time, it has evolved into a fixed festival. Mass carnival.

In addition to Carnival, there are many festivals in Brazil.

Poseidon’s Day: January 1st. This is a festival to bid farewell to the old year and welcome the new year, worship the God of the Sea, and pray for the safety of the family in the coming year. It has a history of more than 200 years.

Holy Spirit: Early June. A folk festival originated in Portugal. It was first held in Brazil in 1819 and starts in early June every year and lasts for ten days.

New Year Festival: late June. It is a traditional festival in northeastern Brazil. The main form of the celebration is parades and performances. The content of the program is rich and colorful. Most of the programs express love and hate for today's society through the experiences of cows, and express people's custom of respecting and loving cows.

Brazilian music is renowned for its sophistication, beauty and diversity. The most typical and charming rhythm of music and dance is samba.

According to the definition of the World Ecotourism Association, ecotourism is a tourism activity that utilizes natural and cultural heritage in a sustainable manner, provides economic support for environmental protection, and obtains economic benefits for local people. Ecotourism sometimes also involves adventure. and characteristics of rural tourism.

In recent years, Brazil's eco-tourism has been booming, with the number of tourists increasing at a rate of 20% every year. According to statistics from the Brazilian Tourism Corporation, the number of people participating in eco-tourism in Brazil reaches 500,000 every year. Eco-tourism with the whole family is also very common in some areas. Foreign tourists to Brazil mainly come from South American countries, reaching 3.78 million in 2002. 30,000 people are employed in eco-tourism, 5,000 enterprises or institutions are linked to eco-tourism, and there are 250 tourism companies nationwide engaged in eco-tourism special services. This is mainly because people are more and more concerned about the ecological environment and stay away from the hustle and bustle of the city.

The rapid development of eco-tourism in Brazil benefits from Brazil’s rich eco-tourism resources.

Brazil has a land area of ??8.547 million square kilometers, with the majestic Iguazu Falls in the south, the roaring Amazon River in the north, beautiful Atlantic beaches in the east, and the endless Pantanal swamps in the west.

In August 1503, when the navigator Amerigo was in Fernando? As he docked on the main island of De Noronha, he was mesmerized by the scenery around him. In his letter to the King of Portugal, he said that he had reached heaven. Exactly 500 years have passed, Fernando? De Noronha still retains the title awarded by Amerigo today and has become a world cultural heritage and a tourist destination that Brazilians and foreign tourists yearn for.

Fernando? De Noronha can be said to be the most beautiful and best preserved scenic spot in Brazil. It is 545 kilometers away from the mainland of Brazil and is a group of islands growing out of the Atlantic Ocean 4,000 meters away. It covers an area of ??17 square kilometers and is mainly composed of 21 small islands. There are 16 beaches on the island with crystal clear water and visibility up to 40 meters deep.

The Pantanal in southern Brazil is a different story. It combines the scenery of western grassland and Amazon forest. 650 species of birds and 95 species of mammals live in the 140,000 hectares of swamp. The Paraná River and its tributaries transformed this meadow into a swamp. During the wet season, various fishes feed on tree fruits. During the dry season, piranhas become extremely ferocious, but the crocodiles that can be seen everywhere appear docile. Various creatures live under completely natural conditions, which has also become a hot spot for people's eco-tourism.

Protecting the environment is the key to maintaining the long-term development of eco-tourism. To this end, the Brazilian government has formulated a series of eco-tourism laws and regulations to ensure the healthy and orderly development of eco-tourism.

The development of Fei Island has always been cautious, striving to seek a balance between man and nature, and always taking environmental protection as the criterion for the development of Fei Island. Tourists receive education on ecology and environmental protection while on the plane. Each person must fill in personal information and length of stay, and the maximum is not allowed to exceed 7 days. Each tourist must also pay an environmental protection fee of approximately US$8. If some tourists stay for more than 10 days due to special circumstances, the environmental protection fee will be greatly increased.

In the process of developing eco-tourism on Fei Island, the local government limits the number of people entering the island and does not build high-rise buildings. Everything is based on the principle of nature. The maximum reception capacity of Fei Island is 400 people per day. There are 110 family hotels on the island with simple conditions. But the best hotels charge $450 a day. 2,300 residents live concentratedly in 30% of the archipelago's area. The rest is completely in a primitive state, and the government does not encourage new immigrants. At Kasbah Beach, it is only open to 100 tourists in the morning, with no more than 25 people in each group, and the stay time is not allowed to exceed 30 minutes.

It is worth mentioning that Brazil’s ecotourism has become a classroom for educating the public. Agencies engaged in organizing ecotourism require tourists to respect local residents, contribute to local economic development, respect natural conditions and protect the environment. Brazilians who have participated in ecotourism not only appreciate the beautiful natural and ecological landscapes, but also actively receive education on environmental protection.

Tipping

Most restaurants usually add a 10% service charge to the bill. If the service is particularly good, tip the waiter a little more. Maybe the waiter is giving you a "face" for not tipping more than 10% of the bill, so ignore him because you are not obligated to tip them extra.

The hotel will also add a 10% service fee to your bill, but the service fee does not necessarily have to be paid to the person who helped you. At the airport, you should tip the baggage handlers and drivers who help carry your luggage. The cost is about US$0.50.

Barber shops and beauty salons require a tip of 10%-20%. The boy who guards your car on the roadside will ask you for $0.50 when you come back to pick up the car. If you park outside a busy nightclub or theater, these car-watching teenagers will ask for $1 or $1.5 in advance, so it's best to pay it.

Travel Alert

Currency

The currency of Brazil is called the "Reais". There are currently six face values ??of coins in circulation: 10, 20 and 50 cents, and 1, 5 and 10 yuan. Major Brazilian newspapers list the latest exchange rates between the US dollar and the Brazilian currency every day. Barber shops and beauty salons require a tip of 10% to 20%. The teenager who guards your car on the roadside will ask you for $0.50 when you come back to pick up the car. If you park outside a busy nightclub or theater, these car-watching teenagers will ask for $1 or $1.5 in advance, so it's best to pay it.

Entry

Brazil does not require incoming travelers to present a health or quarantine certificate, nor is a quarantine certificate required to travel from Brazil to another country. However, if tourists plan to go to the Amazon region or the swamps of Mato Grosso, it is best to get a yellow fever vaccination for safety reasons. Passengers must fill out a declaration form at the airport before entering Brazil.

Customs

When you arrive at the airport, customs officers will randomly check passengers who declare "no valuables". Brazil, like most countries, prohibits the bringing of meat, plants, fruits and seeds, otherwise they will be confiscated. Passengers can purchase items worth less than US$300 at airport duty-free shops and bring them into Brazil - there are no restrictions on the quantity, type or year of the product. In addition, travelers are also allowed to bring in items worth less than US$300 purchased abroad. There are no restrictions except that only one bottle of wine and one bottle of spirits can be brought in.

[Mexican Food] Mexican Food Culture

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[Mexican Food] Mexican Food Culture

Mexico is a Chinese As an ancient civilization in America, in addition to its many monuments, its beautiful scenery of the Caribbean Sea is even more attractive, and its food is rich. Because it was once ruled by Spain and influenced by ancient Indian culture, the dishes are mainly hot and sour. Chili peppers have become an indispensable food for Mexicans. There are estimated to be over a hundred types of chili peppers produced in Mexico, with colors ranging from fiery red to dark brown. As for spiciness, the thinner they are, the spicier they are. You can use this as a criterion when choosing.

Mexican breakfast can be described as "sober". All kinds of food are mainly spicy. Even waffles are baked with chili peppers. Authentic Mexican dishes mostly use chili peppers and tomatoes. The main dish has sweet, spicy and sour flavors, and more than 90% of the sauce is made from chili peppers and tomatoes.

Mexican food is divided into appetizers, soups, main dishes and desserts. Among them, soups are lighter and are used to highlight the hot and sour characteristics of the main dishes. Mexican food does not adhere to table etiquette. You can eat with just The hand fully reflects the cheerful and heroic characteristics of its nation. Corn is one of the staple foods of Mexicans and an indispensable ingredient in Mexican cuisine. There are countless non-staple foods made from corn, such as Taco (corn bag cake), Nachos (corn crispy cake) and so on. For dishes that take corn as the second priority and focus on fresh fish, the fish fillets dipped in butter-based sauce are smooth and delicious, while the large grains of corn are refreshingly sweet.

The Mexican salad is very unique. It uses ingredients such as cactus and mixed vegetables that have a similar taste to cucumber. The orange-flavored sauce is refreshing in the mouth. It is paired with a Mexican cocktail. It feels good in my heart.

There are new options for traveling in South America: Uruguay has become a tourist destination for Chinese people

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In addition to Brazil and Argentina, Chinese citizens who want to travel to South America have There will be a new choice in the future - Uruguay.

Yesterday, reporters learned that the Chinese government has approved Uruguay as a tourist destination for Chinese citizens. The tourism authorities of both countries will be in contact. Uruguay is located in the southeastern part of South America, covering an area of ??more than 176,000 square kilometers. It is known as the "Little Switzerland of South America". The country's La Plata River is a famous summer resort. The reporter learned from some travel agencies that in the future, travel to Uruguay will be "bundled" with Brazil or Argentina, and the price may be between 20,000 and 30,000 yuan.

Impressions of Medellin, a famous Colombian city

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Medellin was famous for its notorious Medellin drug trafficking in the 1980s and 1990s. Groups and high crime rates have made it the "most unsafe" city in the world. However, "Today, fear no longer exists, and Medellin is a city full of hope. Now is the time for us to work together to turn our dreams into reality." - This is the nearly 50-year-old Mayor of Medellin. Hado's most common saying. Medellin began to embark on the road of "reform" after this tie-less "people-friendly" mayor was elected in 2003.

The Fajardo government

focuses on education, culture and social development. In an interview with reporters, Humberto, director of the Cultural Bureau of Medellin City, said that taking the Santo Domingo community as an example, Santo Domingo was the most dangerous place in Medellin 15 years ago. Frequent vicious crime incidents made this place even more dangerous. It once became a "forbidden area" for ordinary citizens.

But things changed a few years ago. In the past three and a half years, the government has invested approximately the equivalent of 80 million euros to help build schools, gymnasiums, hospitals, libraries, and carry out housing renovation and infrastructure repairs. Community soft and Hardware conditions have been improved. Residents' satisfaction with the government has also greatly improved, and Santo Domingo is no longer the most dangerous corner.

The changes in Santo Domingo can be said to be the epitome of the development of Medellin. The only Colombian city with a metro is attracting the world's attention with a new look.

Walking on Maishi Street, you will find that although there are still graffiti stains on the street corners, more and more exquisite murals appear and decorate the city; parks, sculptures, libraries... more and more More and more people, especially the poor, can find good places to relax and study without having to travel far; construction workers can be seen busy on roads, commercial centers and residential construction sites everywhere, and they are a beautiful sight in urban construction; buildings specially built for the poor The cable car solves the travel difficulties of residents in the Santo Domingo community and also increases communication between different communities.

What touches you even more is the simplicity, friendliness and enthusiasm of Medellin people. Everyone in this city has a sincere smile on their face and is ready to solve problems for others anytime and anywhere. They are willing to say out loud that they are proud of the city's development, even though the government still needs to do more to create jobs and maintain law and order.

The hospitality and intelligence shown by the citizens of Medellin at the cultural activities of the Association of Spanish Language Colleges Conference are equally impressive: the "Little Spanish Language Conference" asked the children to select the 10 most beautiful ones Spanish vocabulary, "Literary Walk" brings together 60 Latin American writers to hold 24 symposiums, "Talking Tree" plays recordings of recitations of masterpieces by literary masters on campus, and "Urban Traces" are hand-drawn by teachers and students of the school in their own hearts. Medellin...

These activities lasted for more than a month, attracting a large number of Medellin citizens to participate, filling the green city of Medellin with a festive atmosphere. In order to create a new international image of this modern industrial city, the Medellin city government has also launched slogans such as "Medellin: City of Education" and "Medellin: City of Literature."

During the interview process, the reporter met Elena, a volunteer at the Spanish Language Conference, Laura, a reporter from the "Digital City" website, and Diego, who works in the education department of Medellin City. They are all The young generation who were born and grew up in this city have a strong sense of belonging and self-identity in the city, because Medellin is now a city full of confidence, smiles, harmony and hope.

Global Scenery Tourism - Countries in Western South America

Information Editor's Note

Western South America is located from Trinidad in the north to Tierra del Fuego in the south. The Andes Mountains cover an area of ??approximately 5.46 million square kilometers and include the six countries of Venezuela, Colombia, Ecuador, Peru, Bolivia and Chile. The population is approximately 105 million. Mainly Indo-Europeans and Indians. The population is mainly concentrated in Bolivian plateaus, river valleys and cities.

1. Peru

Peru is located in the west of South America, with the vast Pacific Ocean to the southwest. The territory is roughly between the equator and 18° south latitude, all in the tropics. The coastline is about 2,800 kilometers long. With an area of ??128.5 square kilometers, it is the third largest country in South America. The population is approximately 22.33 million (1990).

Peru’s terrain is characterized by high central part, with the Andes Mountains running through it, and low east and west sides. Mountainous areas account for about 1/2 of the country’s area, and there are many intermountain plateaus and basins. The country can be clearly divided into three natural geographical regions. One is the dry west coast plain. It is located on the Pacific coast in the shape of a long and narrow strip. Due to the control of the South Pacific subtropical high, the prevailing offshore southeast trade winds and the Peruvian cold current offshore, there is very little precipitation (annual precipitation is less than 50 mm), and it is a typical tropical desert climate. But the summer temperatures are not very high and the winters are mild and pleasant. The second is the cool central mountainous area. There are high mountains on its east and west sides. Huascaran Mountain in the Occidental Cordillera is 6,768 meters above sea level and is the highest peak in Peru. The southern area between the east and west mountains is an intermountain plateau, on which the famous active volcano Misti is distributed. This area has a cool climate due to its relatively high altitude and relatively low temperatures. At an altitude of 2,000 to 4,000 meters, the population is relatively dense. It was an important area of ??the Inca Empire in history, and its capital was located here in Cusco. The third is the eastern tropical rain forest area. Located east of the Andes, it includes the Ucayali Valley in the upper reaches of the Amazon River and the floodplains in the lower reaches of the Maragnon River. The hot and humid air flow from the Atlantic Ocean is blocked by the Andes Mountains here, forming abundant orographic rain. The terrain is relatively low, so the climate is humid and hot, covering large areas of forest.

(1) Tourism resources

Peru is a country in South America with rich tourism resources and a relatively developed tourism industry. The Inca ruins are especially attractive to foreign tourists. Most of the country's tourist spots and attractions are located along a tourist route. Usually tourists first go to the capital Lima, and then go to the historical city of Cusco, the beautiful Lake Titicaca, Arequipa, Chimbote, City of Truth, the ancient castle of Machupicchu, and the Nazca Valley Waiting places. Lima is the country's capital, the country's political, economic, cultural and transportation center, and an important tourist city. It is located in the desert of the West Coast Plain, connected to the Pacific port city of Callao to the west. It was first built in 1535. During the colonial period, it was the Spanish colonial base in South America. The city was severely damaged by earthquakes in 1764 and 1970, but was later rebuilt and developed. It became the capital when the country became independent in 1821. The climate here is dry and there is almost no rain throughout the year, but due to the high groundwater level, many trees still grow. The city is divided into two parts: the Old Town and the New Town. There are still many colonial buildings left in the old city. The houses are shorter and the streets are narrow, but there are many squares. Located in the center is the "Armed Square", to the east is the Catholic Church built in the 17th century, which maintains the Spanish architectural style, and is surrounded by tall buildings such as the Lima Municipal Building built in 1938. Not far to the northeast of the square, there is the beautiful Alameda Park. Another famous square is San Martin Square. Here stands the statue of General San Martin, the national hero in the American War of Independence. The third important square is the Plaza de Mayo. There is a marble monument built to commemorate the victory over the Spanish fleet in 1866. Nearby is the University of San Marcos, one of the most important institutions of higher learning in Latin America. In the city's new town, there is Plaza Bolivar, surrounded by a museum built in the early 19th century with a collection of precious works of art, as well as the Museum of Ethnography and Archaeology (which houses pre-Inca stone tools, earthenware and mummies). and the Inquisition Exhibition Hall, among others.

In addition, there is the National Art Museum and the "Gold Museum", which houses more than 6,500 gold artifacts from the Inca era.

▲ Callao is the outer port of Lima. It is located in Callao Bay west of Lima. It is both a commercial port, a fishing port and a military port. The port has the largest fleet of fishing vessels in the country, with a large annual catch, and is also the largest fishmeal processing center in the world. There are also quite a few tourists visiting here. Cusco, a historical city in southern Peru and the capital of the ancient Inca Empire, is the country's most important tourist attraction. It is located in the Andean intermountain basin. The climate is cool and the landscape is spectacular. The Inca people established the Inca Empire around this center and created the Inca culture as the highest peak of civilization on the South American continent. Later, the Spanish invaded and suffered many earthquakes, causing great damage. But there are still many palaces, temples and other buildings from the Inca era left. These ancient buildings, combined with the large number of buildings later built by Spanish colonists, formed the city's unique architectural style. There is the Plaza of the Armed Forces in the city center, with the Temple of the Sun, the Temple of the Moon and the Temple of the Stars in the northeast, the Sun Goddess Building and the remains of the Serpent Temple in the southeast, and the "Celebration Plaza" where the Incas celebrated the triumphant return of the imperial army in the southwest. 1.5 kilometers away from the city of Cusco, there is the world-famous Sacsayhuaman Round Castle, which is where the ancient Indians held the "Sun Festival". To the east of the castle are the ruins of Kenko, where the amphitheater and temple still exist. In addition, 9 kilometers away from the city, there are also natural scenery such as hot springs and waterfalls. There are generally more than 100,000 tourists visiting here every year.