What is the geographical environment of Changsha?

The geographical environment of Changsha:

1, location and area

Changsha is located in the northeast of Hunan Province, the lower reaches of Xiangjiang River and the western edge of Changsha Basin. Between east longitude11153 ′ ~1415 ′ and north latitude 27 51′. It is adjacent to Yichun and Pingxiang in Jiangxi in the east, Zhuzhou and Xiangtan in the south, Loudi and Yiyang in the west and Yueyang and Yiyang in the north.

2. Geological characteristics

The geological characteristics of Changsha are: the strata are completely exposed, the granite bodies are widely distributed and the geological structure is complex. Various geological and historical strata are exposed in Changsha, and the oldest stratum was formed about 1 100 million years ago.

3. Topography

The overall characteristics of Changsha landform are: large ups and downs, diverse landforms and developed surface water system. The northeast of Changsha is the northern section of the shogunate-Luo Xiao mountain system, the northwest is the eastern edge of Xuefeng Mountain, and the middle is the transition zone from Heng Chang hilly basin to Dongting Lake Plain.

4. Climate

Changsha has a subtropical monsoon climate with mild climate, abundant precipitation, simultaneous rain and heat, and distinct four seasons. The annual average temperature in Changsha is 17.2℃, the annual accumulated temperature in each county is 5457℃, the annual precipitation is 136 1.6 mm, and the annual precipitation in each county is 1358.6 ~ 65438.

5. Hydrology

Most rivers in Changsha belong to Xiangjiang River system. In addition to Xiangjiang River, there are 15 tributaries flowing into Xiangjiang River, mainly Liuyang River, Laodao River, Jinjiang River and Weishui River. There are 302 tributaries over 5 kilometers, including 289 in Xiangjiang River Basin.

Extended data:

The main natural resources of Changsha:

1, mineral resources

There are many kinds of minerals in Changsha, especially nonmetallic minerals. * * * More than 50 species of iron, manganese, vanadium, copper, lead, zinc, sulfur, phosphorus, sepiolite, barite, chrysanthemum stone and coal have been identified, including chrysanthemum stone unique to China, sepiolite with the largest reserves in China and Yonghe phosphate rock with the largest production scale in the whole province.

2. Plant resources

The vegetation in Changsha is mainly subtropical evergreen broad-leaved forest, and there are 977 species of trees 102 family that grow naturally and are introduced and cultivated, including 462 evergreen trees, 5 deciduous trees15, 457 trees, 4 shrubs14 and bamboo and rattan 106. The main tree species are pine, fir, oak, camphor tree, nanmu, Toona sinensis, tea, camellia oleifera, citrus and Phyllostachys pubescens.

3. Water resources

The average annual surface runoff in Changsha is 8.265 billion cubic meters, and the runoff depth is 550 ~ 850 mm. The Xiangjiang River flowing through Changsha has an average annual runoff of 69.25 billion cubic meters, which is navigable all the year round. The hydropower reserve in Changsha is 245,300 kilowatts, and the total groundwater reserve is 935 million cubic meters/year, only using 16.72%.

Baidu Encyclopedia-Changsha