What food does Chaoshan Tomb-Sweeping Day eat?

What food does Chaoshan Tomb-Sweeping Day eat?

Tomb-Sweeping Day is our traditional festival, and the food also has its traditional characteristics. So what food does Chaoshan Tomb-Sweeping Day eat? Let me explain to you what food Chaoshan Tomb-Sweeping Day eats!

1. Cake seed cake

Chaoshan people have the custom of "Tomb-Sweeping Day eats leaves and takes medicine during the Dragon Boat Festival"

"Eating leaves in Qingming Festival" means eating dregs and seeds in Qingming Festival.

The rice cakes steamed from Chaoshan unique rice cake leaves are green and fragrant, and have the effect of clearing away heat and removing fire.

On the one hand, people eat dregs and seeds to commemorate their ancestors.

On the other hand, the weather in spring is changeable and humid.

Edible seed cake also has the health-preserving function of preventing and treating diseases.

The cake is soft and suitable for all ages.

2. pancakes

The technology of burning batter into cooked dough as thin as paper in a hot pot is unique to Chaoshan.

Wrapped in sweet and salty cake stuffing

Diners can get what they want according to their favorite tastes.

This custom is inherited from the ancient Cold Food Festival.

Although it is gradually abandoned by the high-speed and fast-paced life.

Fortunately, during the Qingming period, this traditional custom was still preserved in some areas of Chaoshan.

It also makes this Chaoshan specialty snack still talked about.

3. Communist Youth League

The times are progressing, and the skills of Chaoshan people are constantly changing and innovating.

Eating reunion dinner in Tomb-Sweeping Day is a custom that has gradually become popular recently.

Squeeze wormwood into juice, mix with glutinous rice flour, mix well, wrap with red bean paste and steam.

The green ball is green as jade, and the fragrance is fragrant.

It tastes sweet but not greasy, fat but not fat.

At present, this kind of food is still popular in snack bars in Chaoshan.

At this time, wormwood grows just right, try it at home ~

4. Qingming snail

Snails are often delicious.

Tomb-Sweeping Day is the best season to eat snails.

At this time, the snails have not yet propagated, and they are the most plump.

There is even a folk song "A clear snail is worth a goose".

After washing snails, fry them with onion, ginger, soy sauce, sugar and other ingredients, and choose meat.

There is a poem that praises: "Snails are so interesting that good wine is not as good as good wine."

Hailufeng Tomb-Sweeping Day custom

First of all, Shanwei people crossed Tomb-Sweeping Day.

Shanwei people have passed Tomb-Sweeping Day, which is similar to the customs and activities all over the country, and even more similar to the customs in Chaoshan area, but it still has a strong local color.

Qingming is not only a solar term, but also a festival, and it is also a day to worship ancestors and sweep graves. Grave-sweeping is a concrete manifestation of pursuing the distance with caution, caring for relatives and families, and filial piety. There is a saying in Hai Lufeng that "there is no turning and no ancestors in the Qingming Festival"-it means that if Tomb-Sweeping Day doesn't go home, there will be no concept of ancestors and clans. In Hailufeng area, there are two ways for Tomb-Sweeping Day to worship his ancestors: one is tomb sacrifice, commonly known as "passing paper", "passing ancestors" and "passing money"; The second is "family sacrifice" and "shrine sacrifice".

The time of tomb sacrifice varies from place to place, and the customs vary from place to place. For example, it is stipulated in many places in Lufeng that graves can be swept together in early March of the lunar calendar; In Liuhe Hakka area, Haifeng Meilong and other places, Qingming reaches its peak from the vernal equinox and ends on the first day of the fourth lunar month. Haifeng Tang Ke and other places are scheduled for the Tomb Sweeping Festival ten days before and after the Qingming Festival; Generally speaking, the urban solar terms are within five days before and after Tomb-Sweeping Day.

When people go to the cemetery, they should first pull out the weeds in front of and on the grave, fill in the grave and clean it up. Then refresh the tombstone words, except the ancestors' names are painted with green oil, and all the other words are painted with red oil. After the sacrificial ceremony, press a paper cymbal on the top of the monument and the top of the grave respectively. If it is a new grave built after Tomb-Sweeping Day last year, twelve banquet coins will be pressed at the top of the stone tablet, and if it is a leap month, thirteen will be pressed as expenses for the dead. Five or seven layers of paper cymbals should also be pressed in front of the grave. As great as the pressure is this year, it will be next year, and it cannot be expanded or reduced. It is said that this is the scope of the deceased's "land rent". If it is a newly built grave last year, it will be called "new society" to sweep the grave this year, and it will be pressed with red and white paper, and white paper will be used every year thereafter.

There must be boiled clams in the offerings for sweeping graves. After eating the clams, the clams were pressed into paper bowls, which meant to be reserved for ancestors to use as money. Hailufeng is a famous hometown of overseas Chinese. Many overseas Chinese also often have the habit of Tomb-Sweeping Day's returning to his hometown to visit graves, to show that he does not forget his ancestors and homeland.

After liberation, grave-sweeping activities added new content, and the government advocated activities to commemorate heroes and heroes. During his stay in Tomb-Sweeping Day, government agencies, organizations and schools organized teams to visit the Martyrs Cemetery to cherish the memory of the martyrs' achievements, place their grief and inspire their aspirations.

Second, Tomb-Sweeping Day eats pancakes.

Eating pancakes on Qingming Festival is very popular in Hailufeng and Chaoshan, and almost every household is no exception. Pancakes are divided into skin and stuffing. The skin is made of flour and water and stirred into a thick paste, which is branded into a round cooked skin in hot soil and as thin as paper. The fillings are salty and sweet. Salty stuffing with bean sprouts, leeks mixed with shredded eggs, shredded pork and shredded mushrooms; Sweet stuffing, with "sugar onion" as stuffing, has a unique flavor. Sugar onion, also known as onion sugar, is made of white sugar and maltose through special processing. White and crisp, scattered in the mouth.

There is a saying that people in Shanwei eat pancakes on Qingming Festival, which evolved from the custom of ancient cold food festival.

There is also a folk legend in Shanwei: In the 14th year of Emperor Kangxi of the Qing Dynasty (1675), Zheng Jing, the son of Emperor Kangxi, led an army to besiege Zhangzhou City in southern Fujian, and Huang, the commander of the Qing army, sent troops to fight back. After months of siege, countless residents in the city starved to death and the survivors were buried by straw mats. During the period of 65438+ 10 in the same year, the Qing army surrendered. In order to mourn the dead relatives and friends, Zhangzhou people made pancakes, wrapped them in straw mats and offered sacrifices to the dead. This custom has been handed down from generation to generation in southern Fujian.

Third, be a tortoise shell.

Rat-shell tortoise shell is a kind of steamed tortoise shell commonly used by people sweeping graves in Hailufeng, Tomb-Sweeping Day. It uses a kind of tender cotton thread and rice flour called daffodil, which are fermented, mixed with sugar, ground fried peanuts, diced lard, chopped green onion, sesame and pork belly, steamed in a peach-shaped pottery seal or a small bowl, and then eaten. The product is light green and very sweet, and has the functions of clearing spleen and invigorating stomach. It is said that every year when there is a famine, our ancestors used cypress seeds and leaves to satisfy their hunger. In order not to forget the past, future generations will become this custom.

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Qingming custom in Chaoshan

1: sweeping the grave

In the process of sweeping graves, weeds, small trees and new soil around the cemetery should be removed first, and the graves should be cleaned. Then the lettering on the tombstone is filled with red and green paint (the name of the deceased is filled with green paint, and the name on the tombstone is filled with red paint), and paper strips are hung on the tombstone and the tomb pile (white paper strips are used in the cemetery of the deceased and red paper strips are used in the cemetery of the living).

Set fruit, three sacrifices, cakes and other sacrifices in front of the tomb, fill the glass, light incense candles, burn incense to the place where the mountain gods are in charge of the cemetery, bow down to their ancestors respectfully, offer flowers, then burn paper money, drink a libation (that is, sprinkle wine on the ground, meaning to toast their ancestors), and pay homage, usually kneeling three times and kowtowing three times. After the ceremony, you can leave after the candle is lit.

When you come back from sweeping the grave, you should clean your shoes, put the tips of your shoes inward and wash your clothes to dry. People still have some taboos on this day, for example, pregnant women, women who have their period, and girls aged 16 or 19 are not allowed to take part in mountain-opening sacrificial activities; Be vegetarian before sweeping the grave, dress neatly when you leave to sweep the grave, and don't wear red and purple clothes to show respect for your ancestors; In the cemetery, don't talk loudly, laugh and curse, run around and jump, and urinate and defecate everywhere. Don't trample on other graves or comment on the design of graves; Don't take pictures in the graves of ancestors, and so on.

2. Spring outing

During Tomb-Sweeping Day, the spring breeze was mild and warm, and people had the custom of spring outing since ancient times. Chenghai County Records recorded that the outing on March 3rd was called an outing, which was originally an ancient custom. Later, people moved this activity to Tomb-Sweeping Day. At that time, it was sunny and lush, and Chun Yan cut willow trees. After a cold winter, people shook off the chill and went out to ask for an outing in the spring.

Song Ouyang Xiu's Ruan Langgui. "Go for an outing" wrote: "When the South China goes for an outing in spring, the wind and the smell of Ma Si are like peas and willows, and butterflies are flying. Bring some drinks when you sweep the grave. Once the grave is swept, find a clean and flat place and eat on the ground with sacrifices and drinks, so there will be no fun.

Step 3 hang paper on the grave

"Hanging paper" means sweeping graves and offering sacrifices to ancestors. This is a very common folk activity in Chaoshan area. Tomb-Sweeping Day's ancestor worship originated from the ancient Cold Food Festival. According to the calendar, cold food should be in the first two days and the third day of Tomb-Sweeping Day. There is such a story in Nakano, written in the Jin Dynasty, that he returned to power after more than ten years in exile.

Jie Zhitui didn't want to be an official after returning to China and lived in seclusion in the mountains. Zhong Er burned the mountain and forced him out. Zitui would rather die than come out. Zhong Er mourned, so he banned smoking and cold food on the day of Jie Zhitui's death (March 5th) to commemorate him. Later, people also commemorated their ancestors on this day. In fact, cold food is something left over from ancient times and has nothing to do with reconciliation. As early as "Zhou Li Si Shi Mao", there was a system of "Mid-spring and Mu Duo repairing fire". "Lu Chunqiu Zhong Ji Chun" also said: "This is a day ... and there is no burning forest."

Chaoshan people call sweeping graves "hanging paper". When the grave sweeper arrives at the grave, he will uproot the weeds on the grave, fill up the place where there is little soil on the grave, then arrange three kinds of fruit cakes, fill small wine glasses with incense, and then insert colorful notes all over the grave. This unruly custom of hipsters is roughly the same as the ancient custom of the Central Plains. Bai Juyi's poem "Cold Food and Wild Hope" says: "The wind blows paper money in the wilderness, and the ancient tombs are full of spring grass." Because the paper money did not burn to ashes, there was a scene of "the wind blowing paper money in the wilderness".

Ouyang Xiu in the Northern Song Dynasty said in the History of the Five Dynasties Zhou Benji: "If you burn paper money and eat cold food for sacrifice, you will be punished with rites and music. The geometry is not bad? " It can be seen that burning paper money to sweep the grave is not in line with the etiquette at that time. The wind of sweeping graves without burning paper money may originate from the ancient custom of prohibiting smoking in cold food.

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