Hometown of Mudan Heze, Shandong Province

Heze was called Cao Zhou and Cao Nan in ancient times, and the peony planted by cutting in Heze is also called Cao Zhou Peony and Cao Nan Peony.

Heze is the largest peony production base, scientific research base, export base and ornamental base in the world. At present, the cultivated area is1.2000 mu, and there are 9 color systems 1.237 varieties, which are sold well in more than 0/.000 large and medium-sized cities such as Beijing, Tianjin, Shanghai, Guangzhou and Shenzhen, and exported to more than 20 countries and regions such as Japan, France and Canada. Heze peony is elegant, colorful and fragrant, and won the 8 1 prize at the 99' Kunming World Horticultural Exposition. As early as the Qing Dynasty, Heze Peony was shipped to Beijing as a tribute. After liberation, it was continuously introduced and dotted in key scenic spots such as the Forbidden City, Beihai, Temple of Heaven, Summer Palace, Zhongshan Park and Jingshan Park. Peony in Beijing, institutions, factories and colleges are all imported from Heze. According to incomplete statistics, there are as many as 654.38+02,000 plants and more than 200 varieties of Heze peony introduced into Beijing after liberation. Dozens of large and medium-sized cities such as Shanghai, Tianjin, Luoyang, Xi 'an, Hong Kong and Macao, and dozens of countries such as Japan, Canada, Britain, France, the United States, Australia and Russia have also introduced Heze Peony in large quantities. The annual sales volume of Heze Peony has also increased from nearly 654.38+10,000 plants in previous years to 1 10,000 plants. Heze peony has a long history. "The Tree of Peony in Cao Nan" says: "Only Cao Nan Peony is in the sea". Xie, a scholar in the thirty years of Wanli in the Ming Dynasty, wrote in Five Miscellanies: "I passed by all the way, and in the middle of a hundred miles, the fragrance was fragrant, and I planted it in every garden, just like planting vegetables." ..... Look at the peonies in a group of students' homes in Cao Nan. The garden can have more than 50 mu, and the flowers are blooming all over. There are not many places in the pavilion, and the clouds are dazzling. " In the eleventh year of Guangxu, this edition of Heze County Records said: "There are more than 100 kinds of peony, which are planted by natives and are more profitable than grains. Whenever spring flowers bloom, they go out of the city to the east and connect with strangers, which is gorgeous and steaming. " The above records truly and vividly describe the wonderful scene of "every family grows peony, every household floats flowers, the ground is covered with splendid flowers, and the sky falls with rosy clouds" in Heze story. Not only that, in the Ming Dynasty, Cao Zhou Peony Gardens with a long history of traditional Chinese opera were dotted all over the place. Such as Ningxiang Garden, Wanhua Village, Zhanghua Garden, Chaoyun Garden, Luxurious Garden, Hua Mao Garden, Zhaohuayuan Garden, Mulberry Garden and Tielizhai Garden. Description of the Ming dynasty: the owner of the garden "sings and throws pots, recognizing the guest's comfort." "... the night is bright, shining like day, cheering and stirring waves, and the great Dan returns it, and the clothes are fragrant, and it will last for days. In Strange Tales from a Lonely Studio in Qing Dynasty, Pu Songling also regarded the myths of Cao Zhou peony treasures "Jin Gezi" and "Jade Half White" as immortals and wrote the famous work "Jin Ge".

After the founding of New China, with the care of the Party and the government, Heze Peony gradually recovered and developed to more than 3,000 mu and more than 300 varieties. After the Third Plenary Session of the 11th CPC Central Committee, Cao Zhou Peony, which is rich in historical traditions, entered a brand-new stage of development. The construction of Cao Zhou Peony Garden started at 1982, which is a remarkable sign. Cao Zhou Peony Garden covers an area of 1600 mu, with more than 800,000 peony varieties 1237, making it the largest peony garden in the world. The two painted gatehouses in this courtyard are 8m high and10.5m wide. They are imitation Ming buildings with ten buckets, three eaves and two upturned faces, painted with eight-color peonies and gold-plated in the middle with five Chinese characters "Cao Zhou Peony Garden" inscribed by Shu Tong, former chairman of China Calligraphers Association. On both sides are the rest-hill houses, and the vermilion eight-character walls are arranged left and right, which is really spectacular, especially bringing a gorgeous crown to the peony. The city gate has become a landmark building in Heze. While building the Cao Zhou Peony Garden, the "Ancient and Modern Garden" featuring pine trees and animals was restored, and the "Hundred Flowers Garden" of new and old peony varieties in Caozhou was newly approved. The three gardens set each other off into interest and are beautiful, making them the crowning touch and a must-see place in Heze peony centralized viewing area. Every year, the Grain Rain Flower Festival attracts tourists from both inside and outside the park, with a sea of flowers and a sea of people. Large flowers, beautiful shapes and bright colors are the remarkable characteristics of Heze peony. The ancients used "flowers are big and full" to describe their size; "Thousands of pieces of red Xia Ying rotten, all kinds of skills bright" to describe its magnificent appearance. Heze peony can be divided into three categories: single debate, multi-debate and thousand-debate. There are nine kinds of flower patterns: single-debate type, chrysanthemum type, rose type, hanging type, gold ring type, pavilion type, yellow flower type, crown type and hydrangea type. The colors are yellow, red, blue, white, black, green, purple, pink and fuchsia. There are 10 or hundreds of varieties in various colors, which can be described as varied and charming. Red, such as "Brocade Red" and "Spring Red", can give off a haze-like light; Yellow ones, such as "Yao Huang" and "Jade", are dignified and elegant, and purple ones are peerless; White, such as "Curling Jade" and "Kunshan Night Bright", is pure and flawless, refreshing and attractive; Lan's works, such as lantian jade and Scenery after Rain, are quiet and elegant, with delicate appearance; Powder such as "Zhao Fen" and "drunken Yang Fei", delicate and charming, twice the color of the country; Purple ones, such as "Oolong holds Sheng" and "Purple Swallow wins Pearl", are of high quality and flashy but not vulgar; Green, black and colorful ones such as "Bean Green", "Best Jet" and "Er Qiao" are unique in color and charm. Heze Peony has also won awards in major flower exhibitions at home and abroad, enjoying a high reputation at home and abroad. At the first, second, third and fourth National Flower Expositions, Heze Peony won the gold, silver and bronze prizes, the first, second and third prizes, the scientific and technological progress prize and 26 high-quality exhibits prizes. Heze Peony caused a sensation in the three Hong Kong International Flower Expositions, winning the first prize 1 piece and three first prizes. At the Bordeaux International Flower Expo in France and the Pittsburgh International Invention Expo in the United States, they won the silver prize for the total score of the contest and the silver prize for dried peony flowers respectively. At the 4th National Flower Expo, Heze Peony won the only "Special Award for Attractions" and 6 individual awards.

On April 30th, 1999, the news of the first competition of China '99 Kunming World Horticultural Exposition spread like wildfire. In the newly produced l 19 Peony Individual Award, Heze Peony won the championship with an absolute overwhelming advantage, including 8 1. Among them, Heze "Cao Zhou Peony Garden" and "Qiao Zihong" peony each won L; 12 gold medal, Heze Peony "Black Flower" and "Caozhou Red" won l0; 36 silver medals, 26 Heze Peony "Hu Hong" and "lantian jade"; Among the 60 bronze medals, Heze Peony won 43 pieces, namely "Two Clever Flowers" and "Huang Huakui". Experts and judges unanimously commented that "Heze Peony is big, colorful and full of flowers, which is worthy of being a national beauty".

From September 20001year to June 20001year, Heze Peony won the favor of experts for its luxurious and elegant scenery at the Fifth National Flower Expo. There are 26 peony special prizes in the Flower Expo, including 3 gold prizes and 22 Heze Peony * * * prizes, including 3 gold prizes and 5 silver prizes, covering all the gold prizes of the special prizes, accounting for 85% of the total peony special prizes. Shandong Province won the first prize of the group in this flower fair, and Heze Peony accounted for more than one-third of the gold medals and nearly one-third of the awards.

At the beginning of February 2002, Heze Peony once again dominated the first National Peony Flower Exhibition, and * * * won 86 medals in 128, including 8 gold medals in 13, 22 silver medals in 38 and 56 tung medals in 77. The total number of medals won by Heze Peony is more than twice that of Luoyang Peony, which once again proves that "Cao Zhou Peony ranks first in the world".

Cao Zhou Peony Garden is the place with the most peonies in Heze. You must go to the Peony Garden when you come to Heze. In 2000, Heze was named "China Peony Town" by China Flower Association. In 2006, Heze was named "China Peony City". Shu Tong, honorary chairman of China Calligraphy Association and a famous calligrapher, once wrote an inscription for Heze Peony, "Cao Zhou Peony is the best in the world". Mr Pu Jie once left the best fragrance in the world to Heze Peony in Mo Bao. On March 201February 6, China Flower Association officially named Heze as "Peony Capital of China", which gave Heze a better development platform for peony. According to the Administrative Measures for Naming Permission of China Flower Association, with the declaration of Heze Municipal People's Government, China Flower Association organized experts to inspect and review, and decided to name Heze as "Peony Capital of China". The news documentary "Taishan North and South" praised: "Heze peony is the best in the world, and the peony in the world comes out of Heze." Every year in mid-April, when the peony flowers are in full bloom, Heze will hold the "Heze International Peony Fair". Pengzhou, also known as Tian Peng, is located in the northwest of Chengdu Plain, 34 kilometers away from Chengdu. The fertile soil in Sichuan is rich and rich. Known as the "Flower Country", it is one of the main producing areas of peony in China.

Tian Peng Peony is famous for its birthplace-Tianpengmen, where single crystal mountains and rivers enter the sea. Artificial planting and viewing began in the Tang Dynasty, and it was as famous as Luoyang Peony in the Song Dynasty. The great poet Lu You's "Tian Peng Peony Spectrum" said: "Peony is in Zhongzhou, and Luoyang is the first; In the middle, it is the first. " At that time, it enjoyed the reputation of "the hometown of peony". During the Southern Song Dynasty, Pengzhou became "the cultivation center of peony in China".

In the taxonomy of China peony varieties, Tian Peng peony belongs to the southwest peony variety group. Southwest peony variety group is one of the four famous peony variety groups in China. There are four major peony varieties in China, namely, Central Plains Peony Variety Group and Northwest Peony Variety Group in the north, Southwest Peony Variety Group and Jiangnan Peony Variety Group in the south. Pengzhou is the cultivation center of peony varieties in southwest China, and it is also cultivated in other areas such as Sichuan, Yunnan, Guizhou and Tibet.

Tian Peng is characterized by high degree of horticulture, high degree of pattern evolution and high degree of double petals. Some petals can reach more than 880 petals, and the flower diameter is even as large as 35 cm. The plant is tall, shallow-rooted, resistant to damp and heat, and suitable for planting in rainy and humid areas. As far as appreciation is concerned, chinese odyssey is a natural wilderness. Chen Zizhuang, a master of art, said, "Peony grows on the precipice of Danjing Mountain in Pengzhou, and Gu Teng is withered, with erect feet and drooping leaves ...". When the peony in Pengzhou was greatly developed, the peony of 1985 has been developed and constructed as the city flower of Pengzhou and the important resource of the single crystal scenic spot in Longmen Mountain Scenic Area, and it is the only scenic spot in China with peony as its feature. From 65438 to 0999, the Tian Peng Peony presented to the Single Crystal Expo won the international prize, making it more famous. Now Single Crystal has developed into the largest peony viewing center in western China.

1985 Up to now, Pengzhou has held the 17th Pengzhou Peony Fair, and now it has become one of the three largest and most influential peony fairs in China (Luoyang Peony Fair, Heze International Peony Fair and Pengzhou Peony Fair). Every spring, Pengzhou, especially Single Crystal, is full of peonies all over the mountains, full of wild interest, full of tourists, and praised by Chinese and foreign tourists. Dr. G. L. Austi, Vice President of the International Tree Association, visited Tian Peng Peony on the mountain and happily wrote an inscription praising it as "paradise on earth".