How did Qin get this surname?

Origin one

Qin comes from the surname of Won and Yao. According to the records of surname writing, Qin surname is a direct descendant of Zhuan Xu Dilaiwen, and Qin surname comes from Won surname and Yao surname, and is a descendant of Yes, Zhuan Xu Dilaiwen and Yao surname. Descendants of Zhuan Xu and Shun Di: Boyi is a descendant of Zhuan Xu. Now, Boyi was given the name of Won by Shun for helping Yu to control water and domesticate birds and animals. The emergence of the won surname is because he gave the won surname to his son-in-law, Boyi, and married his daughter Yao to Boyi. The surname is Yao, and later generations take Yao as their surname. The fief of Fei Zi, a descendant of Boyi, belongs to the State of Qin.

The Qin Dynasty was founded in Yong (now Fengxiang, Shaanxi). Since then, he has moved the capital to make friends (now Luochuan, Shaanxi), Pingyang (now Baoji, Shaanxi), Yong (now Fengxiang, Shaanxi), Liyang County (now Lintong, Shaanxi) and other places. Later, Qin Mugong swept the twelve countries and initially established hegemony in Xirong. However, in the early Warring States period, due to the backward economy and frequent civil strife, the national strength gradually declined, and the Hexi area (now between Luoshui and the Yellow River in the north) was captured by Wei. When Qin Xiaogong appointed Shang Yang to carry out political reform, his national strength gradually increased, and he moved his capital to Xianyang (now Xianyang, Shaanxi), becoming the first of the Seven Heroes in the Warring States Period. Qin defeated Wei, regained his glory, and finally recovered Hexi.

Gate of Qinshi Temple in Yangji Village, Yuexiu District, Guangzhou

Open up territory, attack Bashu State, and seize Hanzhong, Chu State. Zhao Haoqi of Qin constantly attacked the city and plundered the land, which greatly weakened Wei, Han, Zhao, Chu and other countries. In 227 BC, the king of Qin ruled the world, annexed all directions, finally wiped out the six countries, unified the world, and established the first unified dynasty in the history of China. The king of Qin considered himself "three emperors and five emperors", so he called himself "the first emperor". The capital of Qin Shihuang was Xianyang, which further unified the southeast and southwest regions. The Qin dynasty has been passed down for two generations for twelve years. Due to its harsh management, it was overthrown by the rebels in 206 BC and replaced by the Western Han Dynasty. Zi Ying, king of Qin, was killed by Xiang Yu. After the Qin dynasty was destroyed, the descendants of the royal family took the country name as their surname, which was called Qin family. This is the Qin family in Shaanxi, and Boyi became the ancestor of the Qin family. [ 1]

Liu Yuan 2

Originated from Ji surname. Qin Gui is a fief of Zhou Wenwang's descendants, so it is named after its residence in the city. In Zhou Wuwang, his younger brother Zhou Gongdan was named Duke Lu (now Qufu). Duke Lu later stayed in Zhoudu for assisting King Zhou, and his son Boqin took over the state of Lu. Among his descendants, there is a food city in Qin (now the old city of Fan County, Henan Province). After taking the city as the surname. Qin surname originated from Ji surname, which was created by another son's indirect descendant. Its inheritance and connection are as follows:

Roof of Qin Temple in Yangji Village, Yuexiu District, Guangzhou

According to the history book Dialectics of Ancient and Modern Surnames, when he was in office, he gave the minibus (Hao) market in Qufu (now the northeast ancient city of Qufu City, Shandong Province) to his younger brother and named him Duke Lu. Later, when he died, he was still young and had no ability to govern the country independently. In order to help him become king, he sent his son Boqin (the father of birds) to Fenglu (now in the southwest of Shandong, with its capital Qufu). Before he left, the Duke of Zhou warned him: "Although I am the son of Zhou Wenwang, the brother of Zhou Wuwang and the uncle of Zhou Chengwang, I should be in a prominent position, but I am still afraid that I will fall into the world's sages, and I often grab my hair and have a full meal. When you go to Shandong, you must be careful, and you must not be arrogant just because you are a royal family. " After arriving in Shandong, under the guidance of Duke Zhou, he devoted himself to governing the country and played an important role in pacifying the "Three Prison Disorders". Lu presents a clean and peaceful scene. The descendants of Boqin took the male family as a doctor and ate in Qin Yi (now the ancient city of Fan County, Henan Province). Later generations took the city as their surname, and when they called Qin, they looked at Taiyuan County. Most historical records believe that the Qin surname given by Bochen's descendants is authentic. Qin Fei of Lu, Qin Kai of Yan and Qin Shang of Chu are all descendants of Qin people of Lu. This is the source of the Qin family in Henan or Shandong. According to Lu, father and son Qin Leather worshipped Confucius as a teacher. Qin Zhou, Qin Yi and Gaiqinzi. In addition, Qin Xun's wife is a Duke bird of Ji, a sister of the clan. According to the ceremony of not marrying the same surname at that time, Lu is the host country, so she is not surnamed Ji, but a doctor with a different surname.

Liu Yuan 3

Couplets of Qin Temple in Yangji Village, Yuexiu District, Guangzhou

Foreigners change their surnames. It originated from Muqide family of Mongolian in Hu Ba, belonging to China family. Muqide's ancestor, Muqide Lobaho, lives in Liaoyang and belongs to the Mongolian nationality in Huba Banner. The Mongols in Bahuqi originally lived in Gurkha, but because of the persecution of Grdan tribes, 10,000 Daubard Tigers went south and nomadic in today's Zhangjiakou area. In the thirty-first year of Kangxi (A.D. 1692), with the approval of the Qing court, the family moved to Shengjing (now the north of Shenyang, Liaoning Province), and some of them were stationed in Phoenix and Xiuyan, Dandong, and set up a single flag, which was called Mongolian Nine Flags. During the reign of Qing Qianlong, he settled in Getengyu, Fenghuang, and later moved to Fengcheng Town, taking the Chinese character "Qin" as his surname.

Mu Nianjia in Jin Dynasty, Qing Dynasty, and later Qin Family.

In addition, ethnic minorities intermarry with the Han nationality and become a branch of the Qin surname.

In addition, there are seven branches, Qin is not empty, and future generations continue to surname Qin, which belongs to the name of the ancestor; According to the historical book Fu Qun Lu, "one of the seven friends of Shun was not empty of Qin, but once traveled for it". According to "The Origin of Big Surname" and other related materials, all the seven branches of Shun have the name of Qin, and later generations continue to take the surname of Qin Wei. This shows that the Qin surname existed in the ancient Emperor Shun period. However, since there was no genealogical data to be tested after Qin Dynasty, genealogists in Tang and Song Dynasties used the country as their surname and the city as their surname.

Origin four

Originated in foreign countries. People from the Qin Dynasty (that is, the Roman Empire) came to China, which belonged to sinicization and changed their surnames to surname. According to the historical book "The History of the Later Han Dynasty", Daqin "encircles its country in the West Sea, but it is connected to Lu Dao in the northwest" and "is famous for thousands of miles in the east, west, north and south". There are more than 400 cities. There are many treasures in the soil, including luminous jade, bright moon pearls, scary chicken rhinoceros, fire-wrapped cloth, coral, amber, colored glass, Ji Lang, Dani, sapphire and rare things. ”。 In other geographical categories or unofficial history's miscellaneous notes, there are also many stories about Daqin's production of foreign objects. Daqin in China's historical records actually refers to the Roman Empire. Through the Silk Road, ancient China and Daqin strengthened economic and cultural exchanges. In the 9th year of the Eastern Han Dynasty (AD 97), Ban Chao was ordered to take Gan Ying to Daqin. Gan Ying and his party started from Kucha (now Kuqa, Xinjiang), passed through Tiaozhi (now Iraq), rest in peace (now Iran) and other countries, and finally rested in the Persian Gulf on the western border. It is difficult to sail to Daqin because of the drastic changes in the weather at sea. In A.D. 166, Emperor Daqin sent envoys to China with many gifts. During the period of Emperor Wu of Jin Dynasty, the Great Qin State once again sent envoys to China. In later generations, China had closer contacts with Daqin State, such as the discovery of China tablet, and Nestorianism prevailed in the Tang Dynasty. After Daqin people came to China for business or business, because China is rich in resources, beautiful mountains and rivers and highly developed culture, they are willing to stay in China and don't want to go back. These people follow the customs of the Han nationality and take "Qin" as their surname. From then on, children and grandchildren have multiplied in China from generation to generation. These people became one of the ancestors of Qin surname. Such as Qin Lun, a businessman from the Three Kingdoms. In ancient times, many western regions and Europe called China Qin, and later western countries called China zhina, that is, the change of Qin Yin.

Origin five

Originated from Mongols, it belongs to Chinese culture and changed its surname to surname. According to the historical records "Qing Shi Zhi Genealogy Mongolian Eight Banners Surname" and "Qing Shi Zhi Genealogy Attached Mongolian Eight Banners Surname", it is recorded that:

⑴. The Mongolian Qi Yan family is the oldest tribal name in Mongolia, and lives in the Nanhe River Basin of the Mongolian Plateau. Historically known as the core of the Mongolian Ministry, the representative of its tribal descendants is Genghis Khan. In the Yuan Dynasty, the Qi Yan family of Mongolians had surnames such as Qin, Qi, Qi and Chen.

(2) The Mongolian Qin E family lived in Yehe (now Lishu, Jilin). Later, Manchu was cited as the surname, Manchu as Eqinhara, and later Han surnames were Qin and Hubei.

(3) The Mongolian Muqide surname, also known as Muqide surname, originated from "Muliji surname" among 72 Mongolian surnames in Yuan Dynasty, followed by Hu Ba Mongolian surnames. The ancestor was Muqide Barrow, who lived in Zalute State and later moved to Liaoyang. The Mongolians in Bahuqi originally lived in Halka, but after being persecuted by Grdan tribes for many times, they led more than 10,000 Mongolians in Bahuqi to the south and nomadic in today's Zhangjiakou area. In the 31st year of Emperor Kangxi of Qing Dynasty (A.D. 1692), with the approval of the Manchu court, the family moved to Shengjing (now Shenyang, Liaoning Province), and some of them were stationed in Phoenix and Xiuyan, Dandong, and set up a single flag, calling themselves "Nine Banners of Mongolia". During the Qianlong period of the Qing Dynasty, people from the "Nine Banners of Mongolia" moved to Getengyu, Fenghuang, and then moved to Fengcheng Town. Many Han surnames are Qin, Mu and Meng.

(4) The Mocher Qin family of Mongolians, also known as the Moleqi family, lives in Han Tai (now Horqin Hanwula Gogol Taiwan Nature Reserve in Inner Mongolia). Later, if Manchu was taken as the surname, Manchu would be Morcin Hala. After the middle of Qing Dynasty, the Mohe Qin surnames of Mongolians and Manchu were Qin, Mo and Qi, respectively.

5]. Mongolian Zhalite, also known as Cha Park Jung Su, Zhalechute and Zhalachute, lives in Wulate (now Xing 'an League, Inner Mongolia). Later, Manchu and Daur were introduced as surnames, and Manchu was Jared Hara. The Zhalite nationality of Mongolian, Manchu and Daur nationality, after the middle of Qing Dynasty, was named Qin and Tao.

Liu Yuan

Originated from Manchu, it belongs to Han culture and changed its surname to surname. According to the Qing dynasty annals, imperial clan policy, Manchu Eight Banners surname records:

(1) Manchu Chu Kachin: also known as Chakaqin, Manchu is Cokcin Hala, and Chinese means "earth". They lived in Baikun and Chukeqin (both in present-day Arukerqin, Inner Mongolia) and took the land as their surname. After the mid-Qing Dynasty, the surnames of the Han nationality in Duoguan were Qin and Chu.

(2) Most Manchu people are Qin, also known as Doqinhala, who lives in Heilongjiang. After the middle of Qing Dynasty, the surnames of Duoguan Han nationality were Qin and Duo.

(3) The Manchu Hu Ding family, whose Manchu language is Hu Ding Hala, lives in Luoshanqin (now the south bank of the Russian Hall River Basin). After the late Qing Dynasty, there were people surnamed Qin and Hu.

(4) Mu Yan's family in Manchu Dynasty, also known as Mu Yan's family, originated from the Mohian Department, one of the five state departments in Liao Dynasty. The surname is Bu, and Manchu is Mu Yan Hara. It is one of the oldest surnames of Manchu and lives in Hunchun (now Hunchun, Jilin Province). After the middle of Qing Dynasty, the surnames of Han nationality were mostly Qin, Meng and Mu.

Origin seven

Originated from Daur nationality, it comes from Yin Ke tribe of Daur nationality in Qing Dynasty and belongs to Chinese-English surname. According to the Qing dynasty annals, imperial clan policy, Manchu Eight Banners surname records:

Yin Ke of Daur nationality is one of the most famous surnames of Daur nationality, and lives in Yin Ke, Heilongjiang Province (now Keqi River Basin in Russia on the right bank of the lower reaches of Heilongjiang Province) and Ji Qin (now Jiqin River in Zhalantun, Inner Mongolia). Later, Manchu was cited as the surname, and Manchu was Kein Hala. After the late Qing Dynasty, there were many Han surnames in Daur and Manchu, such as Qin and Yue. [2]

Yuanliuba

From Yao's family, from one of the seven friends, named after his ancestors. Shun, Yao, You Yu, China and Yu Shun in history. Shun Di has seven very close friends, known as "Seven Friends of Emperor Shun" in history, namely: Qin Xu Wei, Dong Buwei, Tao Xiong, Fang Hui, Xu Ya, Bai Yang and Fu Ling. According to the historical book Fu Qun Lu, "one of the seven friends of Shun was Xu Qin, who was once the governor." It is also recorded in the history books such as The Origin of the Big Surname: "Seven friends were accompanied by Qin, and later generations continued to surname Qin."

The Qin family existed during the reign of ancient Shun Di. However, due to the lack of genealogical data after Qin dynasty, genealogists in Tang and Song dynasties have different views on the origin of Qin family, that is, taking the country as the surname and the city as the surname.