Non-engineering measures of flood control works?

Non-engineering measures of flood control projects are very important, and details determine success or failure. If you want to succeed, you can't just do what you are doing now, and the handling of each link is crucial. Zhong Da Consulting will introduce you to the non-engineering measures of flood control works.

Flood outbreaks in most rivers in Yili Prefecture have the following characteristics: strong suddenness, high peak, short flood duration and frequent natural disasters such as floods. Soil erosion and deterioration of ecological environment in the area where the river is located have seriously affected the living standards, economic development and agricultural production of urban residents along the river. Therefore, we should take Scientific Outlook on Development as the guide and adhere to the people-oriented principle. Therefore, all counties have taken remarkable flood control measures and achieved remarkable benefits. However, with global warming, extreme weather events increase, such as floods and natural disasters; Will be more frequent, the intensity will be significantly increased, and it will be obviously insufficient to deal with extreme weather events only by engineering measures. At the same time, non-engineering measures, as a comprehensive flood control measure, have attracted more and more attention. This paper mainly focuses on the content of non-engineering measures, and simply analyzes the role of non-engineering measures in flood control and flood prevention work.

1. Connotation of non-engineering measures

Non-engineering measures refer to measures that directly use economic, legal and administrative means and other means other than flood control projects to reduce the loss of natural disasters caused by floods. Non-engineering measures have the characteristics of low investment, quick effect and full benefit of flood control projects, and can be widely used in flood control work [1]. Non-engineering measures mainly include the following aspects: first, in accordance with relevant laws and regulations, strengthen the management of flood control projects, resolutely remove obstacles to flood storage in rivers and lakes, and ensure flood storage capacity; Second, establish flood control headquarters and improve flood control command system; The third is to improve the formulation of water laws and regulations, vigorously publicize and conscientiously implement them; The fourth is to formulate and improve flood control plans; Fifth, establish a flood and drought forecasting and early warning system; Sixth, establish a perfect flood control material reserve system.

2. The role of non-engineering measures

(1) To strengthen the management of river courses and flood control projects, it is necessary to make good preparations for flood control. Nip in the bud is an important prerequisite for flood control projects. It is not only an important link in flood control work, but also an important prerequisite for finding and solving problems. Therefore, the relevant departments of counties should make plans after the flood season and maintain flood control projects according to maintenance measures and methods. Local flood control headquarters at all levels, under the unified deployment of the State Flood Control General, carry out pre-flood inspections step by step, implement the flood control responsibility system, formulate detailed inspection plans, investigate flood control projects one by one, and deal with hidden dangers and problems found in time; At the same time, in accordance with the People's Republic of China (PRC) Flood Control Law, the Regulations on the Safety Management of Reservoir Dams and other relevant laws and regulations, we will strengthen river management, resolutely remove obstacles to flood discharge and water blocking in rivers, stop illegal activities of blindly reclaiming lakes, rivers and beaches, and ensure flood storage capacity. Flood control offices at all levels in the river basin strengthen the management of river courses and flood control projects, implement the flood control responsibility system, eliminate potential safety hazards in time, effectively implement rescue teams and materials, and consolidate the foundation of flood control projects.

(2) Improve the flood control command system and comprehensively enhance the flood control management ability. Floods often occur in our state, causing serious economic losses. Engineering measures alone are far from adapting to the ability of social development. Facing the development of flood control and disaster reduction in the future, the Ministry of Water Resources put forward "two changes" in flood control, that is, from flood control to flood management and from single to comprehensive. The promotion of the "two transformations" will comprehensively improve the disaster resistance level and ability of our state, and the establishment of the state flood control command system is an important measure and means to promote and promote the "two transformations". Since the 1998 southern catastrophic flood, China has increased its investment in the construction of the flood control command system, involving the Ministry of Water Resources, seven river basin institutions and 3/kloc-0 provinces (cities, districts) to better serve the local areas. Taking the Yili Prefecture Flood Control Headquarters as an example, under the correct leadership of the State Flood Control Headquarters and the Ministry of Water Resources, the Yili River Flood Control Headquarters has improved the unified command system for flood control of all units in the Yili River Basin. In late June 2009, the water level in the middle and lower reaches of the Yili River remained high, and water conservancy projects such as dikes and dams were soaked by high water level for a long time, and the flood control pressure increased significantly. Through the flood control command system, the Ili River flood control headquarters quickly collects and transmits information such as rain conditions and disasters, and predicts and analyzes its development trend. At the same time, through the consultation system, remote video monitoring system and program-controlled exchange system, data transmission and information exchange are carried out with the flood control headquarters of the autonomous region, and flood control dispatching schemes are formulated to give instructions quickly and accurately, which provides advanced and reliable decision support for flood control command and greatly improves the timeliness and scientificity of flood control dispatching.

(3) Improve the formulation of relevant laws and regulations, strengthen legal publicity and education, and promote administration according to law. Laws and regulations run through the whole process of flood control, which is a complete system of policies and regulations completely matched with other laws and policies, providing comprehensive policy and legal support for flood control. At present, China has formed a system of flood control laws and regulations with water law and flood control law as the core, flood control regulations, interim measures for compensation of flood storage and detention areas, river management regulations, etc., and various river basin management agencies and provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the Central Government have successively promulgated and implemented a large number of flood control supporting regulations. The autonomous region has successively revised and improved the Regulations on the Management and Protection of Water Projects in Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region and other laws and regulations, and strictly enforced flood control law enforcement procedures. With the deepening of flood control work, the construction of flood control policies and regulations in our region can no longer meet the flood control requirements. Focusing on improving laws and regulations, we will speed up the formulation of regulations on flood impact assessment and regulations on flood storage and detention areas, and bring flood control legislation into the legal track.

The formulation of laws needs the public's cognition, so it is necessary to strengthen legal publicity and improve the transparency and cognition of laws. In the annual World Water Day China Water Week, "12? "In the publicity activities of the National Legal Publicity Day, counties and cities have expanded their publicity influence by holding sports competitions, organizing questionnaires and legal knowledge competitions, and sending short messages on popularizing legal knowledge by mobile phones. , strengthen the publicity effect, improve the consciousness and initiative of the general public to learn, understand, use and abide by the law, promote administration according to law, and effectively safeguard the safety of water projects and flood control.

(4) Formulate and improve the flood control plan to improve the response and disposal capacity of flood disasters. In recent years, under the strong promotion and guidance of the flood control headquarters of the autonomous region, flood control headquarters at all levels have vigorously strengthened the construction of flood control emergency plans, and the plan system consisting of overall plans and special plans has been gradually improved, laying a good foundation for standardizing emergency management. Flood control planning itself is to formulate flood control countermeasures and measures under different conditions on the basis of summarizing the laws of regional flood occurrence and development, according to flood control objectives and dispatching principles, and on the basis of analyzing existing water sources and making full use of existing engineering facilities. According to the flood control plan of the Ili River approved by the General Defense Department of the Autonomous Region, the General Defense Department of the People's Republic of China actively promoted all counties and cities in the Ili River Basin to continue to strengthen the revision, improvement and dynamic management of the flood control plan. According to the economic and social development and engineering changes, the flood control plan of the Ili River Basin and other related plans were revised and improved, which greatly improved the response and disposal capacity of flood disasters.

(5) Strengthen the early warning and forecasting system of flood and drought to provide technical support for flood control and drought relief. In recent years, with the global warming, local rainstorms, super typhoons, extreme high temperature and drought in China have shown multiple and concurrent trends. The frequent occurrence of extreme disastrous weather puts forward higher requirements for improving the level of early warning and forecasting. The flood control early warning and forecasting system in Yili River Basin has a long span, a long front and a large amount of information, so the communication networking of the flood control early warning and forecasting system in Yili River Basin should adopt the mixed networking mode of satellite communication and ultrashort wave communication. Before the flood disaster occurs every year, the flood control headquarters of Yili Prefecture attaches great importance to early warning and forecasting, especially strengthening the monitoring of extreme disastrous weather events. First, for counties and cities with low flood control and drainage standards, strengthen short-duration and high-intensity disastrous weather forecasting, pay attention to improving the level of grassroots forecasting and enhance the timeliness of forecasting; Second, strengthen flood monitoring and forecasting, improve forecasting accuracy, extend forecasting period, and fully meet the requirements of flood control dispatching command and decision-making; Thirdly, the hydrological system is established, and the hydrological characteristic values related to flood disasters are determined by integrating relevant information such as rainfall and incoming water. The application of these measures provides technical support for flood control and disaster reduction in Yili River Basin.

(6) Establishing a perfect flood control material reserve system and a rapid response rescue team is the premise to win the flood control victory. The construction of flood control material reserve system is the basis for completing emergency rescue and disaster relief tasks and realizing safe flood control. The establishment of flood control material reserve system can overcome the shortcomings of slow allocation and misappropriation of flood control funds, meet the working requirements of "one-time need, call at any time", and is also a feasible active flood control measure. Yili Prefecture has always attached importance to the construction of flood control material reserves and increased investment in flood control materials and equipment. At the same time, flood control funds are included in the fiscal budget at the same level. In accordance with the principles of grading financing, grading reserve and grading management, flood control materials should be well stored, managed and used, so as to improve the emergency response ability to natural disasters and ensure the final victory of flood control.

While doing a good job in material reserves, we should also strengthen the construction of rescue teams. Most cities in the autonomous region have set up flood prevention and rescue teams at the county, township and village levels, registered them one by one, strengthened training, earnestly studied flood prevention and rescue knowledge, improved the flood prevention and rescue ability of the whole people, and conducted flood prevention and rescue drills according to their respective conditions to improve the emergency response level of rescue teams, so as to achieve "come as you come, you can fight and win the battle." It is the perfection of flood control material reserve and the guarantee of rescue team that successfully alleviated the flood in Yili River Basin.

3. Conclusion

Due to the geographical particularity, floods frequently occur in the Yili River basin, causing great losses to the lives and property of the country and people, seriously affecting the normal life and production order of the people in the basin and the development of the national economy, and causing serious soil erosion. The form of flood control engineering in this basin is severe, and the perfect combination of flood control engineering measures and non-engineering measures correctly, reasonably and scientifically will alleviate the flood disaster in this basin.

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