What are the characteristics of the weather in Guizhou?

(1) The climate in most parts of Guizhou Province is mild, with no severe cold in winter and no intense heat in summer, and four distinct seasons.

Plateau climate or warm climate is limited to a few areas with high altitude or low valleys. The territory covers most parts of the province, including the central, northern and southwestern regions, with an annual average temperature of 14 ~ 16℃. The remaining few areas include the low-lying valley areas in the southern margin of the province and the Chishui valley area in the northern part of the province, which is 18 ~ 19℃, and the low-lying valley areas in the eastern part of the province is/kloc-0. The highest monthly average temperature appeared in July and the lowest in 65438+ 10. As far as most parts of the province are concerned, the average temperature in July is 22 ~ 25℃, the average temperature in June is 5,438+10 is 4 ~ 6℃, the extreme maximum temperature in the whole year is 34.0 ~ 36.0℃, and the extreme minimum temperature is -6.0 ~-9.0℃, but it appears for a few days or only occasionally for many years. There are four distinct seasons in most parts of the province, and Guiyang in the middle is representative in the division of four seasons. Winter is the longest, about 105 days, followed by spring, about 102 days, summer is shorter, about 82 days, and autumn is the shortest, about 76 days.

(2) The annual rainfall is abundant and unevenly distributed in time and space. The average annual precipitation for many years in most parts of the province is between1100 ~1300mm, the maximum value is close to 1600mm, and the minimum value is about 850mm. The regional distribution trend of annual precipitation is more in the south and less in the north and less in the east and west. There are three rainy areas and three rainy areas in the province. The three rain areas are located in the southwest, southeast and northeast of the province, with the southwest rain area being the largest. The annual precipitation in Qinglong County in this area is 1588mm, which is the center with the most rainfall in the whole province. The three rainless areas are in Weining, Hezhang and Bijie, Daozhen, Zhengan and Tongzi in the northwest of Dalou Mountain, Shibing and Zhenyuan in Wuyang River Basin. The annual precipitation in each rainless area is between 850 ~ 1 100 mm, so for most parts of the province, the rainfall is abundant in most years. Judging from the seasonal distribution of precipitation, most of the precipitation in a year is concentrated in summer, but the annual variation of precipitation in summer is great, and droughts often occur.

(3) Poor lighting conditions, rainy days and high relative humidity. The annual sunshine hours in most parts of the province are between 1.200 ~ 1.600 hours. The regional distribution is characterized by more in the west and less in the east, that is, about 1.600 hours in the west and about 1.200 hours in the middle and east of the province. The annual sunshine hours in the eastern part of China at the same latitude are less than one third, which is one of the areas with the least sunshine in China. The annual rainy days in various places are generally between 160 ~ 220 days, and the eastern part of China has more than 40 days at the same latitude. The annual relative humidity in most parts of the province is as high as 82%, and the change is small in different seasons, and the humidity value in various places is large and stable during the year, which is rare in the eastern plain of China at the same latitude.

(4) Our province is located in a mountainous area with low latitude, and the terrain height difference is wide, the weather and climate characteristics are quite different in the vertical direction, and the three-dimensional climate is obvious. Because the altitude difference between the east and the west is more than 2500m, with the terrain gradually rising from east to west, there are obvious differences in various meteorological elements. For example, the altitude of Weining in the west is 1 163m higher than that of Guiyang in the middle, the annual solar radiation is 96mj m-2 higher than that of Guiyang, the annual average temperature is 4.8℃ lower, and the annual average absolute humidity is 4.0hPa lower, so the climate of Weining is extremely cold, while that of Guiyang is mild. Compared with Guiyang in the middle, Tongren in the east is 787m lower than Guiyang in the middle, the annual solar radiation is 234 MJ m-2 less than Guiyang, and the annual average temperature rises by 1.6℃, 3.7℃ in July and 65,438+10.3C So Tongren's climate is warm in winter and hot in summer, while Guiyang's is warm in winter and cool in summer. The three-dimensional climate characteristics are more obvious in areas with short horizontal distance but large slope. The popular saying that "there are four seasons in one mountain and different days in ten miles" fully explains the difference of vertical climate in Guizhou mountainous areas.