What are the characteristics of climate types in China?

The characteristics of climate types in China are as follows:

Northwest China has a temperate continental climate, while Qinghai-Tibet Plateau has a unique plateau climate. The alpine region in the west shows obvious vertical climate characteristics.

The eastern half has a wide range of monsoon climate, which is divided into tropical monsoon climate, subtropical monsoon climate and temperate monsoon climate from south to north. China is one of the countries with the most climatic types in the world. There are three main types and five climate types in China:

1. temperate continental climate-western and northern Daxing' anling-Yinshan-Hengduan Mountain.

2. Plateau mountain climate-southern and western Kunlun Mountains-Qilian Mountains-Hengduan Mountains, and northern Himalayas.

Third, the monsoon climate:

1, tropical monsoon climate-generally south of the Tropic of Cancer.

2. Subtropical monsoon climate-roughly north of the Tropic of Cancer, east of Hengduan Mountains and south of Huaihe River in Qinling Mountains.

3. Temperate monsoon climate-Daxinganling-Yinshan-east of Wushaoling in Qinling and north of Huaihe River.

The temperate continental climate in China is vast, with remarkable monsoon climate and synchronized rain and heat.

Extended data:

The five climate types in China are temperate monsoon climate, subtropical monsoon climate, tropical monsoon climate, temperate continental climate and plateau alpine climate.

1, temperate monsoon climate

It appears on the east coast of Eurasia around 35 ~ 55 north latitude, including North China and Northeast China, most of Korea, northern Japan and parts of the Far East of the Soviet Union.

In winter, affected by the northerly winds in high latitudes inland, polar continental air masses prevail, which are cold and dry; In summer, influenced by polar ocean air mass or denatured tropical ocean air mass, southeast wind and southeast wind prevail, with warm, hot and rainy seasons. The annual precipitation is about 1000 mm, of which about two thirds is concentrated in summer. There are four distinct seasons throughout the year and the weather is changeable. With the increase of latitude, the temperature amplitude in winter and summer increases correspondingly, while the precipitation decreases gradually.

2. Subtropical monsoon climate

The subtropical monsoon climate is distributed on the east coast of subtropical continent at 25 ~ 35 north latitude, and it is a zone where tropical marine air masses and polar continental air masses alternately control and compete with each other. It is mainly distributed in the south of Huaihe River in Qinling Mountains in eastern China, north of tropical monsoon climate, south of Japan and south of Korean Peninsula.

It is not cold in winter, and the average temperature in 65438+ 10 is generally above 0℃. It is hot in summer, and the average temperature in July is generally around 25℃. The direction of Xia Feng changes obviously in winter, and the annual precipitation is generally above 1000 mm, which is mainly concentrated in summer and less in winter. This climate is most typical in the southeast of China. In other areas, because there is a considerable amount of precipitation in winter, there is little difference between winter and summer, so it is called subtropical monsoon humid climate.

3. Tropical monsoon climate

Latitude is 10 degrees to the tropic of cancer, the east coast of the mainland. Mainly distributed in southern Taiwan Province Province, Leizhou Peninsula, Hainan Island, Indochina Peninsula, most parts of Indian Peninsula and Philippine Islands; In addition, it is also distributed in the northern coastal zone of the Australian mainland.

The annual temperature is relatively high, with the annual average temperature above 20℃, and the highest in Leng Yue is generally above 18℃. The annual precipitation is large, concentrated in summer, which is due to more convective rainfall under the control of equatorial ocean air mass in summer and a large amount of precipitation brought by tropical cyclone transit, resulting in more rain in summer than in tropical dry and wet seasons; On some windward coasts, due to the influence of topography, the summer precipitation even exceeds that in the equatorial rainy climate zone. The annual precipitation is generally above 1500 ~ 2000mm. The tropical monsoon is developed in this area, and the dry and wet seasons are obvious, that is, the northeast wind blows in the northern hemisphere in winter, forming a dry season; In summer, the southwest wind from the Indian Ocean blows (northwest wind blows in the southern hemisphere), which is rich in water vapor and concentrated in precipitation, forming a warm season.

4. Temperate continental climate

Mainly distributed in 40 ~ 60 Eurasia and inland areas of North America. Most of the inland areas of China, north of latitude 30, have a temperate continental climate.

Because it is far away from the ocean and the humid climate is difficult to reach, it is dry and rainy, and the daily temperature difference is greater than the annual temperature difference. Moreover, the closer to the center of the mainland, the drier it is, the greater the annual and daily temperature difference, and the transition of vegetation from forest to grassland and desert. Winter is controlled by continental climate, with the average temperature below 0℃ in Leng Yue in the south and close to -40℃ in the north. In the hottest month, the average temperature in the south is 26-27℃, and it is close to 20℃ in the north. The growing season is about 200 days in the south and only 50-70 days in the north.

5. Plateau and alpine climate

The Qinghai-Tibet Plateau in China belongs to this type of climate. The annual accumulated temperature is lower than 2000℃, the daily average temperature is lower than 10℃, and the hottest temperature is also lower than 5℃ or even lower than 0℃. The daily temperature difference is large and the annual range is small, but the solar radiation is strong and the sunshine is sufficient.