What kind of flower is this

Hyacinthus orientalis (hyacinthus orientalis perennial herb)

Editor? [fěng xìn zǐ]

wind

gingkgo

hyacinth

Latin scientific name

hyacinth

Another name

Narcissus, western narcissus, five-color narcissus, seasonal brocade

boundary

plant kingdom

door

Vascular endothelial cell

summary

Monocotyledon class

eye

Asparagidae

The branch of academic or vocational research.

Hyacinthus orientalis branch

belong to

Hyacinthus orientalis.

Distribution area

around the world

Factory profile editor

In Greek mythology, Hyacinthus (κ ι ν θ ο), a beautiful boy loved by Apollo (α π λ ω ν), was killed by the god of the west wind because of throwing a discus. In a pool of blood in Hyacinthus, a beautiful flower grew, and Apollo named it after a teenager-hyacinthus orientalis (Hyacinths Orientalis).

Its origin is in southern Europe and the eastern Mediterranean coast of Asia Minor Peninsula, and it is the most fragrant flowering plant species found so far. There are many cultivated varieties, the Netherlands is the largest in the world now, and it is an extremely important foreign trade commodity like tulip. China is constantly being introduced as the flower of New Year's Eve. Light blue is the ancestor of all hyacinthus orientalis colors, so flower language is life.

Hyacinthus orientalis has more than 130 horticultural varieties in the world, which are mainly divided into "Dutch species" and "Roman species". The former is an authentic variety, and most of them are only 1 flower, which is strong and big. The latter are mostly mutant hybrids, and each plant can bear two or three flowers, which are weak and have fine flowers. Most consumers like to buy hyacinthus orientalis in the Netherlands. [ 1]

2 morphological feature editing

Hyacinthus orientalis grapes

Perennial herbaceous bulbous plants,

Bulbs are oval and membranous, and the color of the skin is positively correlated with the color. Before flowering, it looks like garlic. Leaves 4 ~ 9, narrowly lanceolate, fleshy, with grooves on them, green and shiny. Flowering stems are fleshy, long 15 ~ 45 cm, racemes.

The inflorescence is terminal, with 10 ~ 20 small flowers clustered in the upper part, horizontally or downward inclined, funnel-shaped, perianth tube-shaped, and the upper part is split and rolled back, with purple, rose, pink, yellow, white and blue colors, fragrance and capsules. Natural flowering period

March to April. There are two horticultural varieties.

More than 1,000 species can be roughly divided into eight strains according to their colors: blue, pink, white, goose yellow, purple, yellow, scarlet and red. Among them, white symbolizes sacredness, purple symbolizes Athenian nobility, and pink symbolizes love. [2]

3 ecological habits editor

Beautiful hyacinthus orientalis (13 photos)

The coastal areas of China and the origin of Asia Minor like sunny and humid environment, and require well-drained and fertile sandy loam. Cold-tolerant, it takes root in autumn in warm winter areas, unearthed new buds in early spring, blossomed in March, matured in late May, and partially withered on the ground and went into dormancy in early June.

Flower bud differentiation takes place in dormancy, the optimum temperature for differentiation is about 25℃, and the differentiation process is about 65438 0 months. From flower bud differentiation to elongation growth, there should be a low temperature stage of about two months, and the temperature should not exceed 65438 03℃. The flower buds of commercial bulbs have all differentiated. Nicknames: Narcissus, Narcissus, Five-color Narcissus, Seasonal Brocade.

Genus: hyacinthus orientalis (Asparagaceae), hyacinthus orientalis. Hyacinthus orientalis is native to Central Europe and other places. Like narcissus in China, it belongs to hyacinthus orientalis family. It is a perennial bulbous herb. Flowering in March-April, it can be planted in the ground, potted and watered.

Hyacinthus orientalis likes sunshine and is cold-resistant, so it is suitable to grow in a cool and humid environment and loose and fertile sandy soil to avoid water accumulation. I like warm and humid winter, cool and slightly dry summer, sunny or semi-cloudy environment. Like fertilizer, it should be fertile sandy loam with good drainage. During the growth of hyacinthus orientalis, bulbs grow best at the low temperature of 2 ~ 6℃. [ 1]

4 Distribution area editing

Hyacinthus orientalis was born in southern Europe and the Netherlands, and its scientific name comes from Hyacinthus, a beautiful boy who was loved by Apollo in Greek mythology and died of accidental injury from throwing discus. Now it can be found all over the world.

The three genera of hyacinthus orientalis are all native to limestone areas in West Asia and Central Asia with an altitude of over 2,600 meters.

5 Breeding classification editing

The main breeding method is sub-ball propagation. [3] Seed propagation can also be used for breeding. After 1 year planting, 1 ~ 2 bulbs are produced, and there are also varieties that can produce more than ten bulbs. It can be used for bulblet propagation, which takes 3 years to blossom. Seed propagation, autumn sowing, germination in February of the following year, and seedling flowering after 4-5 years of cultivation. [ 1]

Split sphere propagation

After digging the light bulb back in June, separate the big ball from the sub-ball. "After the big ball is planted in autumn, it will bloom in the early spring of the following year, and the sub-ball needs to be cultivated for 3 years to bloom. Due to the low natural ball matching rate in hyacinthus orientalis, the mother plant can only get 1 ~ 2 balls after planting for one year. In order to improve the reproductive coefficient, castration can be used to stimulate the big ball in the summer dormancy period. [4]

The method is that in August, when the flower buds have formed, a part of the stem disc at the bottom of the bulb is evenly dug to make the wound at the stem disc concave, and then one is cut vertically and horizontally from bottom to top.

The knife, cut horizontally, reaches the center of the bud of the bulb. At this time, mucus will flow out. It should be daubed and disinfected with 0. 1% mercuric chloride water first, then exposed to the sun for 1 ~ 2 hours, and then daubed evenly indoors. Keep room temperature first.

Callus was produced at about 265438 0℃. When the scales expand at the base, the temperature gradually rises to 30℃ and the relative humidity is 85%, and many small bulbs are formed in about three months. Bulbs induced by this method bloom after 3 ~ 4 years of culture.

Seed propagation

Mostly used to cultivate new varieties. Sow in the culture soil on a cold bed in autumn, covering 65438±0cm, and germinate at the end of June and early February of the following year. Bulbs cultured from seedlings will bloom after 4-5 years. The germination ability of seeds can be maintained for 3 years under general storage conditions.

6 cultivation management editor

Purchase cultivation

Selection and purchase

When buying seed heads, you should pay attention to choosing bright colors.

It is best to have a solid texture, no disease spots and no insect mouths. Usually, the color of the seed coat can basically tell what color flowers it opens. For example, if the skin is purple, there will be purple flowers; if the skin is white, there will be white flowers.

Flowers, but some cross-bred varieties are complex in color and sometimes unclear. You need to ask the operator before buying. Soak the seeds in carbendazim after buying them back and dry them. In order to break the dormancy period,

It should be placed in the lowest compartment of the refrigerator for about a month to facilitate the smooth flowering in the future. But when you take it out of the refrigerator, you'd better put it in a cool place for seven or eight days before sowing.

cultivate

Many people keep hyacinthus orientalis in a special glass bottle like a gourd. On it, you can see the flowers of hyacinthus orientalis, and at the bottom, you can see a bunch of stout white hyacinthus orientalis roots. Apart from orchids, flowers and plants in hyacinthus orientalis are hard to see. Hyacinthus orientalis is more resistant to low temperature, but afraid of heat. Hyacinthus orientalis likes a cool, humid and sunny environment. Hyacinthus orientalis is suitable for growing in sandy loam with good drainage, but not in cohesive soil.

During the growing period, it is necessary to water continuously. If you leave it in the soil, cut off the flower stems after the flowering period, let the leaves wither naturally, and topdressing every year. However, some varieties will have fewer and fewer flowers after several years of planting; If you want to store it after flowering, you need to unplug it. After the leaves are naturally dried, cut them off. It is best to put it in a breathable bag with sawdust and put it in a dry, ventilated and cool place.

Hyacinthus orientalis likes a cool, humid and sunny environment. It is more resistant to low temperature, but afraid of heat. It is suitable to grow in sandy loam with good drainage, but not in cohesive soil. Hyacinthus orientalis bulbs can only bloom when they grow to 19 cm. It blooms from March to April every year.

You can also water it like daffodils. Hydroponics in hyacinthus orientalis, 65438+ February, you can put the seed balls in a wide-mouthed glass bottle, and add a little charcoal to help prevent corrosion and disinfection. Its seed balls can only be soaked to the bottom of the ball, but they are placed in the dark and covered with black cloth, so that they germinate in a completely black environment for about 20 days, and then they are exposed to the sun outdoors. At first, they glow 1 ~ 2 hours a day, and then it gradually increases to 7 ~ 8 hours. Most of them can bloom when the weather is fine during the Spring Festival.

After flowering in hyacinthus orientalis, if the bulbs are well preserved, they can still bloom in the next year, but the flowers will become shorter and the scape will shrink, mainly because the bulbs have degenerated. Therefore, it is best to buy new bulbs in hyacinthus orientalis after planting for one year.

Scientific Cultivation of Grapes in hyacinthus orientalis

Grapes The flowers in hyacinthus orientalis are like a bunch of purple grapes, which are very beautiful. Strong cold tolerance, can overwinter in the open field in North China. Attention should be paid to in training:

Farming soil should be well drained, deep and fertile sandy loam.

Reproduce with particles. Dig the mother plant once every 2 ~ 3 years, and take the well-grown bulbs as propagation materials. The planting time can be from September to 10, and the flowers can bloom in April of the following year.

Sufficient base fertilizer should be applied before planting. Top-dressing liquid fertilizer with complete nutrients 1 ~ 2 times during the growth period, and paying attention to watering to promote growth. After the flowers wither, it is necessary to reduce watering and apply liquid fertilizer 1 ~ 2 times, which is beneficial to the growth of underground bulbs. In summer, grapes in hyacinthus orientalis are dormant, so it is necessary to stop fertilization and control watering to prevent root rot. In winter, the aboveground part should be cut off and watered enough to let it overwinter.

introduce

Many processing methods of cut flower production in hyacinthus orientalis are similar to those of potted hyacinthus orientalis. The following description of cut flower production in hyacinthus orientalis only discusses the differences between the two methods.

Move indoors

The biggest difference between potted hyacinthus orientalis and cut hyacinthus orientalis lies in the length of low temperature period. Cut flowers in hyacinthus orientalis need long stems, and it takes a long time to reach this standard at low temperature. Long-term low temperature will make the stem longer. Table 5 provides the required low temperature period of cut flower hyacinthus orientalis.

After the recommended cold treatment, the seed balls in the box should be taken out of the rooting room or outdoor soil. If seeds are taken out of outdoor soil, they must be covered with plastic film for 24 hours after planting. This will prevent the tip of the blade from drying up. Water immediately after planting.

greenhouse climate

During the whole cultivation period, the suitable cultivation temperature of cut flower hyacinthus orientalis in greenhouse is 18 ~ 20℃, so that the flower stems can grow longer. The period of greenhouse cultivation is about 20 days to 10 days, which mainly depends on the planting depth and the temperature in the substrate during greenhouse cultivation.

Water regularly during planting to keep the humidity of the culture medium at a normal level. If the cultivation substrate is completely or partially composed of sand, careful management can avoid drying, and don't forget to check the water content regularly.

Water overflow and hollow valve stem

When the inflorescence begins to color and the floret is separated from the stem, the cut flower hyacinthus orientalis can be harvested. Flowers and seeds are taken out of the box together. Then the most important thing is to send the wind letter as soon as possible

Put it in a cold storage with a constant temperature of 2℃ to keep the product at a low temperature level during packaging. The next step is to treat the seed ball, and the scales of the last layer near the stem should be peeled off. This work can be done manually or with the help of "wind power"

The alphabet seed granulator is finished mechanically. Leaving the root disc at the base of the stem can make the flowers bloom more brightly in the bottle and prolong the vase life. It is important that neither retailers nor customers should cut off the root disc at the base of the stem.

The important work after cutting the seed ball is to wash the stem with water to prevent the growth of bacteria and provide clean products. Then classify according to the stem length, so that the length of each bundle of stems is the same. Hyacinthus orientalis, unlike other flowers, can't be cut to a certain length, because doing so will cut off the root disc at the base. After grading, hyacinthus orientalis bundled them into bundles in groups of five.

Dry storage (up to 3 days). In order to make the quality better, they can also be inserted into clean water. If possible, a small piece of chloramine T can be added to every 4 liters of water. If flowers must be preserved, they can only be stored in a cold storage at 2℃ for a short period of time (up to 3 days). The last two points please pay attention to consumers: 1 Don't cut off the most basic root disk. Rinse the stems with clean water before putting them into a clean vase.