How should the elderly prevent cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases when the weather turns cold?

When the weather turns cold, the ward is obviously overcrowded, so why does it turn cold in winter and the number of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular patients will increase? How to prevent it?

1. Why does cold weather increase the number of patients with cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases? First, the temperature. Low temperature and large temperature difference between day and night lead to physiological reaction of human body, and regulate sympathetic nerve to enter excited state, which leads to accelerated heart rate and enhanced myocardial contractility, which is easy to cause myocardial ischemia. At the same time, the cold is accompanied by dry air, and the human body consumes a lot of water, which will also lead to the increase of blood viscosity and poor blood circulation, leading to blood vessel blockage, insufficient blood supply and oxygen supply to the cardiovascular and cerebrovascular systems, and serious blood spot rupture. The second is the change of living habits. When the weather is cold, people often eat a lot, love meat or greasy things, and are lazy to exercise in winter, which leads to hyperlipidemia and becomes a risk factor for cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases. The third is the influence of weather and environment. There will be haze in most areas in winter, and there will be haze weather in winter. People's emotions will be affected first, and it is easy to produce bad emotions, even anxiety and depression. Secondly, the low air pressure further pushes high blood pressure; Bad smells and particles first infect the respiratory system, then the virus destroys blood vessels and easily invades the heart, which may lead to viral myocarditis or decreased cardiac function, and may also invade coronary atherosclerotic plaques, resulting in plaque rupture and myocardial infarction. Second, how to prevent cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases First of all, the weather is getting cold, so we should pay attention to keeping warm. Especially middle-aged and elderly people, we should pay attention to keep warm, and pay attention to adding clothes when going out, paying special attention to keeping warm on the head, hands and face. The second is to quit smoking and drink less. Smoking is a risk factor for cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases. Compared with non-smokers, the morbidity and mortality of smokers increase by 2 ~ 6 times, which is directly proportional to the number of smokers every day. Patients who drink alcohol for a long time will increase blood viscosity and blood lipid, which will increase blood flow resistance and further aggravate the harm of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases. The third is "keep your mouth shut". Adhere to a low-salt and low-fat diet and try not to eat high-cholesterol foods such as animal offal, egg yolk and shellfish. For patients with hyperlipidemia, you can also eat some vegetables with lipid-lowering function, such as onions, garlic, mushrooms, fungus, celery and so on. And you should eat more soy products, because soybean is rich in phospholipids necessary for human body, which can prevent cardiovascular diseases by improving fat metabolism. The fourth is to "open your legs." Proper physical exercise can normalize vasodilation and contraction, which is beneficial to improve autonomic nerve and endocrine function. It is recommended to keep exercising 1 hour every day, not less than 5 days a week, and persevere. Exercise is based on feeling tired and relaxed. The fifth is to insist on taking medicine. For the special people who have been diagnosed with hypertension, hyperlipidemia and diabetes, besides developing the above living habits, they also need to actively take antihypertensive drugs, lipid-lowering drugs, hypoglycemic drugs or insulin therapy. Sixth, regular physical examination. Persisting in regular physical examination (one year or half a year) is conducive to early detection, early treatment and early recovery, especially for people over 35 years old with family history of cardiovascular disease, so as to achieve early prevention. Sharing knowledge and health, starting from the heart!

I am Dr. Liu skr, a physician who is committed to sharing knowledge and health. If you agree with my point of view, it will help you, please pay attention or like it. If you or your family and friends have any questions about this, please forward this article to them. Thank you!