What are the main achievements of Archimedes, Lorenz, Palizzi, Faber and Ding Zhaozhong?

Archimedes' study of machinery originated from his study in Alexandria. One day, after a long drought, Archimedes was walking along the Nile. He saw that it was quite difficult for farmers to carry water to irrigate their land. He thought about it, and invented a tool for rotating and absorbing water in the water pipe through spiral action, which was later called "Archimedes spiral water lifter".

In Egypt, this musical instrument is still in use in modern times after 2000. This tool became the ancestor of the propeller.

Archimedes invented a cross goniometer for astronomical measurement and made an instrument for measuring the angle between the sun and the earth.

Archimedes also made a planetarium by hydraulic power, with the sun, moon, stars and five planets on the sphere. According to records, this planetarium not only runs accurately, but also can predict when there will be a lunar eclipse or a solar eclipse.

Archimedes also thought that the earth might be round. In his later years, Archimedes began to doubt the geocentric theory and speculated that the earth might revolve around the sun. This conjecture was not discussed until Copernicus' time.

2. The main achievements of edward norton lorenz

The chaos theory put forward by Lorenz is considered as "having a far-reaching influence on basic science and earth-shaking changes in human's view of nature after Newton."

His theory is most praised as the "butterfly effect", that is, "a butterfly flapping its wings in Brazil will have some effects on the surrounding atmospheric system, and these effects will be continuously amplified, which may eventually lead to a tornado in Texas, USA." It refers to the long-term large-scale weather forecast, which often causes unpredictable and serious consequences because of a little tiny factor.

The "generalized butterfly effect" is not limited to weather forecast, but is synonymous with all complex systems that are extremely sensitive to initial values.

For all complex systems, under certain "threshold conditions", their long-term and large-scale future behaviors are extremely sensitive to small changes or deviations in initial conditions, that is, small changes or deviations in initial values will lead to huge differences in future prospects, which are often unpredictable or random.

3. Jean-Henri casimir Fables

1857, he published "Observation on the Habit of Ophiuchus argus", which corrected the wrong view of Leon dufour, the founder of entomology at that time, thus winning the praise of French research institute and being awarded the experimental physiology prize. During this period, Fabers also devoted himself to the study of natural dye madder or alizarin. At that time, the red color on French soldiers' trousers came from madder powder.

His talent was admired by scholars at that time, including British biologist Darwin, Belgian playwright maeterlinck, Nobel Prize in Literature winner of 19 1 1, German writer Jung, French philosopher Bergson, poet Malamei, Provence writer Roumani, and so on.

Because Fables' experiment was accurately recorded in Insect Tales, which revealed many secrets of insect life and habits, Darwin called Fables an "imitative observer".

4. Ding Zhaozhong

1959 obtained bachelor's degree in physics and bachelor's degree in mathematics from the University of Michigan; 1962 received a doctorate in physics from the university of Michigan; 1965, he discovered the deuterium; The electron radius is measured at 1967, and it is found that the electron has no volume, and the radius is less than 10e- 14cm.

1969, he measured the transformation between ordinary light and light with mass (that is, vector mesons), and proved that high-energy ordinary light can be transformed into vector mesons. In the same year, he was a professor in the physics department of MIT. 1975 was elected as an academician of the American Academy of Arts.

1974 discovered the bound state of the fourth quark j particle, so it contributed. 1975 was awarded the Lorenz Prize by the American government, and 1976 won the Nobel Prize in physics. 1977 was elected as a member of the National Academy of Sciences; Glue injection was found in1979; 1989 only identified three generations of neutrinos.

From 65438 to 0994, he led AMS experiments to find antimatter and dark matter in space. In the same year, he was elected as a foreign academician of China Academy of Sciences. 1998, it was first discovered in space that the spatial distribution of helium -4 and isotope helium -3 was different. In 20 15, it was first discovered that there were a large number of high-energy positrons in space, and the sources of these positrons were probably produced by dark matter collisions.

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