The battle of Kiev is called the biggest annihilation war in the world. What is the general process?

(Soviet equipment and vehicles destroyed in Kiev encirclement)

(guderian's armored cluster interspersed behind enemy lines in the battle of Kiev)

(Germans enter the center of Kiev)

(Soviet troops who surrendered to the Germans in the encirclement)

(A large group of Soviet prisoners of war went to the prison camp)

(No.4 tank belonging to Chrysler First Armored Cluster of Southern Army Group)

(General Kirponos, commander-in-chief of the Southwest Army)

(guderian inspects the front line in Kiev)

The strength comparison between the two sides is as follows:

General Kirponos, commander of the Southwest Army of the Soviet Union. It has jurisdiction over the Fifth Army, 12 Army, the Sixth Army, the 26th Army and the 37th Army. Later, the 2 1 Army was reinforced with more than 670,000 troops.

German Army: The Second Armored Cluster (General guderian) under the Central Army Group, the Second Army Group. The South Army Group belongs to the First Armored Cluster (General Chrysler), the Sixth Army (Nau, Reich) and the 17 Army (nagel, Stuch), with about 800,000 people.

At the beginning of August, 194 1, the offensive of the German army group in the south of the Soviet-German battlefield stopped after reaching the Dnieper River, and Kiev, the capital of Ukraine and the important town of Dnieper River, did not become the main target of the German army for the time being. The German army's target is the lower reaches of the Dnieper River in the south wing of the army group. In the middle of the Soviet-German battlefield, the 2nd Army Group in the southernmost wing of the Central Army Group pushed south, and then the 2nd Armored Group (guderian Armored Corps) also pushed south, attacking the heavily armed cluster Southwest Army in the southern line of the Soviet Union. Hitler hoped to take this opportunity to coordinate the central and southern army groups, complete the encirclement of the Soviet troops around Kiev and the rear, and annihilate the Soviet effective forces to the maximum extent. At the same time, due to the optimistic estimation of Stalin and the Soviet high command, the southwest army not only failed to receive the order to retreat in time, but also stuck to its original position and got a considerable number of troops, which was equivalent to stuffing a lot of fat into the teeth of the German hungry wolf that had not been closed.

At the end of August, the Second Army belonging to the Central Army Group crossed the Jessner River, fought fiercely with the Soviet Fifth Army located in the northwest of Kiev and belonging to the Southwest Army Group, and established a solid bridgehead near Novgorod-Cherwell, which laid a good foundation for the Central Army Group to attack south and form an encirclement with the South Army Group. Guderian's armored cluster government is prepared to lead the south with 46 motorized troops and 24 motorized troops. At this time, Stalin made an unusually wrong decision. He believes that since the Germans did not take marching into Moscow as the primary task at this time, the southwest army should stick to its original position. On the Jasna River and Dnieper River, the front line could not retreat, and the camera launched a counterattack.

On September 1 day, the Southern Army Group issued a report on the war situation, judging that there is a huge Soviet cluster along the Jessner River, and there will be no signs of transfer in the short term, including the 5 th, 2 nd1,26 th and 38 th Army Groups under the Southwest Army. If they cooperate smoothly, they will be annihilated by the central army group and their own attacks. Therefore, the first armored cluster of General Chrysler under the Southern Army Group should immediately turn to Romney. On the 7th, Hald came to the headquarters of the Southern Army Group in Uman, and after listening to the report, he issued the final order "to launch a two-wing encirclement to the Soviet troops in the middle reaches of the Dnieper River and the lower reaches of the Jasna River, and strive to annihilate them in the area between Clemenzchug and Konoto".

Under the command of the Central South Army Group of the German Army, three army groups, two armored clusters, 58 1 chariots, and 203 bombers, 166 fighters and 80 dive bombers of the Fourth Air Force were concentrated to deal with seven Soviet army groups in the encirclement.

On September 6th, the offensive first started from the north wing of guderian's armored cluster. Although only one army (24th Motorized Army) participated in the camp, the Germans made rapid progress. Soldiers of the 6th Armored Regiment of the 3rd Armored Division captured a Soviet senior battlefield fortress engineer, who carried a detailed operational plan and a map of fortifications of the Soviet Union in Ukraine, which meant that the deployment of the Southwest Army was completely mastered by the Germans.

By September 4th, the 24th Motorized Army had approached Kralovec. In the battle of 1 1 day, more than 3700 Soviet prisoners were captured, and Soviet artillery 100 doors and more than 80 tanks and armored vehicles were destroyed and captured. Guderian found from the captured Soviet document map that the third armored division of the vanguard troops was in Soviet 65438.

In view of this, in the early morning of 5th, guderian ordered the whole army to attack with the fastest speed, open the hole from this weak point, and completely cut off the connection between Soviet heavily armed groups. The third and fourth armored divisions went hand in hand with the imperial divisions of the Waffen-SS and swooped southwest. The "Fuehrer" grenadier regiment of the Imperial Division took the lead and killed Makosh. Captain Frank, the fourth company commander, led four soldiers to occupy the bridge over the Jessner River in the city. In order to strengthen the strength of the 24th Motorized Army and avoid being surrounded by the Soviets who broke through on both sides, guderian urgently dispatched the Grand German Motorized Infantry Regiment and the No.0/0 Motorized Division, so the German offensive continued. On the 7th, it made an emergency attack between Piniella and popov Card in Si Nuo.

Until then, the Soviet fifth army woke up like a dream, and the German armored forces appeared behind their own flanks. Commander Potapov immediately asked his superiors to retreat eastward, but was rejected by Stalin and the Soviet High Command. But at the same time, the Soviets transferred Kuznetsov's 2 1 Army to try to stop guderian Group from advancing in the direction of Bryansk.

However, the backbone of the 2 1 Army is mostly recruits, lacking chariots and transport vehicles, and moving slowly. But guderian asked his troops to push south anyway, try to cross the Rumen River and occupy Rommeni, and then establish contact with the southern army group. Soldiers also know that their task is to form an unprecedented big pocket, trapping the main force of the Soviet Southwest Army in it, so morale is high, and the Third Armored Division almost left the infantry and logistics behind.

At the same time, the second army under the Central Army Group also crossed the Jessner River and occupied Meyer. The Soviet Fifth Army began to disintegrate and its morale was low. With the continuous retreat of Soviet defense lines, the number of abandoned weapons and equipment, vehicles and prisoners of war has been increasing. At the beginning of September, the fifth army was defeated and organized resistance ceased to exist. At the end of the month, in order to support the Second Army, the Sixth Army also launched an attack, trying to build a bridgehead in Gnostibor, north of Kiev. Because of the dangerous location here, the Soviet army dispatched 28 124, 135 infantry divisions and 19, 4 1 tank divisions to counterattack the Germans, but it was not completed due to poor command and coordination. In addition, after the collapse of the Fifth Army, the Soviet 37th Army sent the 20th Tank Division and the 35th Infantry Division to reinforce the Dnieper River, but it was too late.

On September 8, the 20th Tank Division began to attack the German 262nd and 62nd Infantry Divisions near Molovsk. However, due to the lack of infantry cooperation, although it caused some casualties to the Germans, it stopped there and the offensive came to a standstill. On the contrary, the 262nd Infantry Division launched a counterattack and occupied Ojebin the next day.

On September 12, the First Armored Cluster under the Southern Army Group, with the cooperation of the Fourth Air Force, launched a fierce attack on Clemenzuge, trying to get in touch with the armored cluster in guderian. On the same day, Marshal Tymoshenko, the new commander-in-chief of the Southwest Army Command of the Soviet Union, once again asked Stalin to agree to give up Kiev and the whole army moved eastward, but it was rejected again. ....

During this period, the German army 17 established the bridgehead of Clementine Mountain, and fought fiercely with the Soviet army 17 and the Fifth Cavalry Corps. In the fierce battle of 10 day, the German 52nd Army destroyed a total of 72 Soviet tanks 172, including several new T34 medium-sized and KV 1 heavy tanks. After the corps of engineers quickly crossed the Dnieper River, the armored vehicles of the first armored cluster formed a mighty iron flow and headed for Romena in the north. Pioneer 16 armored division advanced rapidly. When he occupied Capisha, he almost caught Major General Fei cranko, commander-in-chief of the 38th Soviet Army, at a nearby railway station. Three days after the attack, the first armored cluster announced that it had captured Soviet troops13,000 people, destroyed 78 tanks and armored vehicles, and destroyed artillery 1 18 doors.

At the same time, due to the improvement of the weather, after a short respite, guderian Cluster decided to continue southward, headed by the third armored division commanded by expert Mo Deer, and then General huber's 16 armored division cooperated with the Imperial Division to occupy Lokovica. On September 14, Captain wortmann of the Sixth Armored Regiment of the Third Armored Division led several No.3 tanks and several semi-tracked armored personnel carriers to set out from Lokovica. South through the nearby fields and bushes, at dusk, they finally arrived near Lubeni. By a stream, they saw several comrades-in-arms in German field gray uniforms coming out from the other side. This is a reconnaissance engineer of the Southern Army Group 17, and the two armies announced that they would join forces. At noon on September 15, armored vehicles and semi-tracked vehicles of the 394th motorized infantry regiment of the 9th armored division of the Southern Army Group arrived in the east of Lokovica, marking the official closure of the encirclement of Kiev.

At this time, the five Soviet army groups were surrounded by the Germans in a huge triangle area with Kiev as the west section, Clementine Zug as the south section, Roslauer as the east end, guderian's second armored cluster, the sixth army group in the north and the first armored cluster in the south, and 17 army group. By then, the Soviet Army Groups 5, 265 and 438+0 in the northern part of the encirclement have been fragmented, and it is difficult for all units to keep in touch and coordinate their actions, so they can only carry out sporadic resistance. The 37th Army Group is around Kiev, the 26th Army Group is on the Dnieper River, and the 38th Army Group is in the northwest of Clemenzchug. Although two army groups from 65,438+08,38,40 tried

Finally, on September 17, Moscow ordered Major General Baglamiyan, Minister of the Southwest Army's War Department, to retreat and break eastward. The specific strategy is that 2 1 Army will attack Romney, the fifth army will attack Lokhvika, the thirty-seventh army will follow closely, and the twenty-sixth and thirty-eighth armies will attack Lubin. But by this time, the overall morale of the Soviet army had collapsed, and most of the troops and superiors lost their command.

Nevertheless, the deadly assault of the desperate Soviet Union still brought great pressure to the German army. In Filipovic, on the day of 19, the soldiers of 16 armored division repelled the Soviet army's nearly 20 waves of desperate breakthrough offensive. The Soviet Union took tanks and armored vehicles as the forerunner, followed by infantry in trucks, followed by larger infantry groups, constantly attacking German defense lines, and some even drank vodka in caves. Anti-tank guns and field guns responsible for fire suppression even used up shells. They described the battle as if it were hunting in the wild. As long as they reload, they will generally aim at the vehicles and people from the Soviet Union and fire. After the ammunition was exhausted, the front-line infantry was forced to use bayonets to fight hand-to-hand with sappers' shovels and the coming Soviet Union. The next day, after the reinforcement of the 6479 motorized infantry regiment, 16 armored division managed to hold the defense line and was not cut off by the Soviet army.

From that day to September 22nd, the Soviets once again launched repeated attacks at the mouth of the Olca River in an attempt to break through the encirclement of the Germans. Soviet tanks once opened a gap near Petric, but they were immediately blocked by the anti-aircraft gun troops who arrived in an emergency, using an 88 mm anti-aircraft gun that was adjusted to flat fire.

The next day, the Soviet army tried again to break through the forest area from Piliajin to Lokevica, but was defeated again by the Third Armored Division and the 25th Motorized Division. Major General Potapov, commander of the Fifth Army, was captured, and a soldier of the reconnaissance battalion of the Third Armored Division recorded, "The whole forest presents a thrilling picture, and countless Soviet soldiers and horses fell between vehicles in various postures and died. There are burning trucks, armored vehicles and ambulances everywhere, some crashing together, and some lying on the side of the road.

On September 19, in view of the weakening of Soviet resistance in the encirclement, the Southern Army Group Command ordered all troops to launch an all-out attack on the enemy. In Romena, Hermann G?ring's anti-aircraft artillery regiment's 88mm heavy anti-aircraft guns destroyed more than 30 Soviet tanks in one day. 20, guderian received orders, the second armored cluster troops gradually out of Kiev's encirclement, ready to participate in the central army group's attack on Moscow.

From September 15, the German Sixth Army officially began to attack Kiev, and the Soviet troops in the city could not continue to resist under the offensive of German dive bombers and heavy artillery. On September 18, Stalin gave the order to abandon Kiev. Soldiers of the German 296,765,438+0,294 Infantry Division declared their complete occupation of Kiev the next afternoon.

From 19, the German army officially carried out a final sweep of Soviet remnants around Kiev, especially in the east. At this time, the Southwest Military Command was unable to contact all the troops, so General Kirponos, the commander, dissolved the General Staff Department and turned the personnel of the Fifth Military Command, the Command Guard Force and the 289th Infantry Division into two battle groups, trying to break through eastward. On the same day, the high command of the German Defence Force announced that the southwest army of the Soviet Union had ceased to exist. On 22nd, during the breakthrough, Kolppo North and General Tupikov, Chief of General Staff, were killed in German shelling. On September 24th, the sound of guns in the whole encirclement stopped. Among the 677085 soldiers of the Southwest Army, the number of people who broke out of the encirclement was150,41,and more than 650,000 Soviet troops became prisoners of war. In addition, the Soviets lost 884 tanks.

1941On June 22nd, Germany tore up the Soviet-German non-aggression treaty and dispatched 500,000 troops to invade the Soviet Union. After successfully carrying out the northern raid on Leningrad, the Germans began to attack Moscow and Kiev on a large scale. At that time, the Soviet Red Army in Kiev was still under the command of Marshal Xie Miao Buyoni. Although the "Battle of Uman" suffered heavy casualties, there are still millions of people in the Southwest Red Army. What is surprising, however, is why the Soviet Red Army, with such a large number of people, was completely defeated by the Germans after only supporting it for more than two months, and finally captured more than 600,000 people.

▲ Old photos of German troops in World War II

In Ziyuan's view, there are five main reasons. The first is the lack of adequate armor and mobility. In the "Battle of Uman", under the fierce attack of the German army, the Soviet mechanized troops were basically lost. Therefore, in the "Battle of Kiev", without the cover of armored forces, a large number of Soviet troops were completely exposed to enemy gunfire. It is difficult to resist the well-equipped Germans with only flesh and blood. In fact, once there is a lack of mechanized troops, whether it is the input, withdrawal or transportation of troops, it has become a big headache for commanders. Many soldiers come and go in a hurry on the battlefield. Whether attacking or retreating, mechanized troops are not enough to ensure the speed of action of this million-strong army.

▲ Soviet stills of World War II

Secondly, Soviet coach budyonny failed to make a more accurate prediction of Germany's trend in advance. After the "Battle of Uman", the Soviet army was still immersed in a depression. However, the central and southern army groups of the German army have discussed many times, considering whether to take the Soviet capital first or concentrate on destroying a large number of Red Army troops in the southwest. Later, the German high command decided to transfer some troops of the Central Army to the south to cooperate with the Southern Army in encirclement and suppression of the Red Army in the southwest. At this time, although Budiyoni's army damaged a large number of armored units, its combat effectiveness was greatly reduced, but fortunately it had sufficient troops. As long as the defense is prepared in advance, the Germans can't eat it easily. Unfortunately, the Soviet intelligence department failed to detect the movement of the German Central Army in time, so budyonny didn't wake up until the whole southwest army was surrounded.

▲ Old photos of Stalin

The third is the wrong order from the superior. When Stalin learned of the German attack, he immediately ordered everyone to stick to Kiev and did not agree to any form of retreat. In July of the same year 1 1, seeing that the German mechanized troops were blocked by the Red Army outside the fortifications in Kiev, zhukov, the chief of staff, thought it was a good time to retreat, so he asked Stalin to give up Kiev and hurry to evacuate the southwest army to the other side of the Dnieper River to avoid being surrounded by the Germans. Unexpectedly, Stalin still refused to retreat at this time, once again ordered to defend Kiev, and relieved zhukov of his post as chief of staff, and was reduced to commander of the reserve army.

▲ Dnieper River

The fourth is to replace the main military generals at a critical time. In the battle of Kiev, veteran Boudini ignored Stalin's previous order not to take a step back and called Stalin to ask for a retreat in order to save the besieged army. Therefore, he lost Stalin's trust and was dismissed as the commander of the Southwest Theater. He was replaced by the commander of the Western Theater and the commander of the Western Army, Timoshenko Yuan Shuai. In this ever-changing battlefield, the commander-in-chief suddenly changed, and zhukov, the chief of staff, was demoted. The Red Army around Kiev was immediately leaderless, which led to the German advance.

Fifth, the gap between the Soviet Union and Germany in equipment is too great. In the "Battle of Kiev", the Germans were best equipped, with twice as many ordnance as the Soviet Union, and even half as many planes. The Red Army of the Soviet Union originally lacked enough armored troops to cover it, and the rest of the equipment was not as good as that of the German army, so it was even less comparable.

Budyonny's old photos

In this battle, it was difficult for the Soviet Red Army, which lacked mechanized troops, to get rid of the encirclement, but it was not always without opportunities. Unfortunately, before the start of the campaign, due to the carelessness of the Soviet Union, the southwest army was surrounded by the whole. Later, due to Stalin's stubbornness, the southwest army missed several opportunities to break through for no reason, which eventually led to the capture of 667 thousand Red Army and the unfortunate fall of Kiev. At this time, no matter how Stalin blamed himself and regretted it, it was of no help.

References:

Battle of Kiev

First, the Kiev campaign background:

Since the Barbarossa Plan was implemented in Germany, the Soviet army sank into panic in the blitzkrieg. Marshal Lundstadt's Southern Army captured zhitomir, three German army groups and two armored clusters attacked the Soviet Southwest Army in Kiev, and the commander of the Southwest Army, Marshal Bugioni, asked Stalin to retreat and was reprimanded and dismissed. Marshal Tymoshenko was in charge of Kiev's defense. Frankly speaking, Stalin's three confidants, Butjanni, Timoshenko and voroshilov, all started by commanding cavalry, and they were ruthlessly eliminated by modern wars.

Kiev is a Ukrainian record, located at the intersection of the Jasna and Dnieper rivers. Lundstedt plans to seize Kiev and create panic in the southwest army. His troops are the First Armored Corps, the Sixth Army and 17 Army of the German Army Group in the south, the Second Armored Corps and the Second Army of the Central Army Group, with a force of 1 10,000, 58 tanks1vehicle and 48,655 combat aircraft. The Soviet army participated in the war with seven army groups of the Southwest Army, with a total strength of 870,000 people, 4,528 tanks and 1672 combat aircraft, under the command of Marshal Boudini.

Second, after that

On July 5 194 1, Lun Shuai began to attack. On July 7th, with the tank soldiers as the first echelon, we broke through the Soviet defense in the north of New Mirobol and advanced to Kiev. The four Soviet army groups stubbornly resisted and repeatedly counterattacked, delaying the German left-wing attack. The German high command transferred the Second Army and the Second Armored Corps from Moscow to deal with the southwest army. On August 25th, guderian led the 2nd Armored Corps to turn south, and fought fiercely with Subliangkesi Army defending Jasna River on 365,438+0. On September 9th, German armored troops crossed the river and occupied Romney.14th, two German armored divisions joined forces behind the Soviet army to complete the encirclement of Kiev.

15 September, two armored powerhouses, guderian and Kleist, joined forces in Rossevitz, 2 10 km east of Kiev, and camped against the 5th, 2nd1,26th and 38th Soviet armies. Stalin finally agreed to retreat, but it was too late. When the order was given, the troops were in chaos. Timoshenko successively mobilized several army groups to attack the peripheral Germans, but was stubbornly stopped by the Germans 17, and the Soviet army had no hope of breaking through. Military and political officials in Kiev, the Soviet Union, escaped from the encirclement by plane. On the same day, the Germans launched a panic attack. 19, Kiev was captured by the sixth army. On September 26th, the last Soviet army surrendered to the east of Kiev.

Third, the campaign evaluation.

In the battle of Sri Lanka, the Soviet army captured 665,000 people, and only a small number of the Red Army broke through the encirclement, including Marshal Budiyani, Timoshenko Yuan Shuai and Khrushchev political commissar. The Soviets were defeated, and the Germans gained rich Ukraine and Donets Basin. However, from a strategic point of view, Germany put a huge central army group into Kiev, delayed its plan to attack Moscow for four weeks, and won time for the Soviet Union to fight in Moscow. If Marshal tukhachevsky of the older generation were here, there would be no such defeat. After this campaign, three teachers gradually withdrew from the historical stage, and younger commanders such as zhukov, Vasilyevski, konev and Cui Kefu gradually moved to the center of the Soviet-German battlefield and became the mainstay of the Soviet Union.

The battle of Kiev was the battle in which the Soviet Red Army was surrounded by the largest number of people during World War II. There are many reasons. The Soviet Red Army deployed the largest number of troops in various Soviet military regions in South Russia and the newly occupied Bissalabia region in Romania. General J, except Stalin's confidant budyonny Sr, was a more radical fighter in the Soviet Union at that time.

Hitler had long suspected that Stalin's 650,000 Soviet troops heavily deployed in the Balkans were a threat to Romania's oil fields within Germany's sphere of influence, and the military airport in Crimea was close to refineries and oil wells.

Hitler's ambition and successful war against western Europe hurt him. Barbarossa's battle plan is too long, and the Germans and affiliated countries are overwhelmed. Italian and Romanian legions and Spanish Franco's "Blue Division H" are all fighting in the downtown. It is impossible for the Germans to fight against the Kiev Military Region of the Soviet Red Army like the two armored columns of guderian and Holt in the middle, and it always works.

Only General Chrysler singled out the million-strong army in the Kiev Military Region, which was the result that the southern front of Germany was not as good as the other two fronts.

But Stalin's cleansing still paid off. The Soviet army failed to defend Uman and Odessa, which attacked all Romanian legions, so the Soviet army still lost Odessa, an important base of the Black Sea Fleet.

The Soviet Kiev Military Region temporarily held the Kiev area on the Dnieper River, but at that time, the Soviet supplementary supply line was extremely difficult under the blockade of the German Air Force, and heavy weapons were seriously damaged!

However, the person who suddenly attacked the junction of the Soviet Central Military Region (formerly the Western Army) and the Kiev Military Region was General Tymoshenko of the Soviet Red Army. He disagreed with zhukov's "conservative" plan of slow and steady short-range assault, and really promised the people's leader Stalin that he would defeat the rogue Goode on the other side.

Ryan. As a result, everyone knows that guderian not only defeated Timoshenko's troops, but also stayed awake for several days and nights, breaking through the Soviet garrison on the Jaanus River, posing a serious threat to the rear of the 650,000 Ukrainian Red Army. Zhukov, the chief of staff, saw the problem here and asked Marshal Stalin to give up Kiev, but was immediately rejected by Stalin who didn't know much about the military at that time and sent him to exercise!

Guderian, the god of armor, was free to play under Hitler's instructions. General eremenko failed to defend the Dnieper and Jesna rivers. The German 47th Panzer Corps broke through the junction of the Western Army and the Kiev Military Region. Guderian successively asked the Central Army for the 46th Panzer Corps, and in mid-September, it closed the encirclement of the northern section one after another. 18, guderian who occupied Robne finally saw the shadow of victory. The Chrysler armored division in the south finally joined forces in Lowitz, and the fierce fighting did not change the fate of the 650,000 captured Soviet troops.

From then on, Stalin learned well and learned to listen to the advice of the staff. Hitler learned badly and only listened to intuition!

The truth of Sun Tzu's art of war is experienced here!

At that time, the Barbarossa operation of the German army went very smoothly, a large number of Soviet troops were annihilated by the German army, and the German army advanced at a high speed in the Soviet Union.

The Germans advanced rapidly on the northern front and the central front, but left a huge protrusion in the southern part of the Soviet Union. Although the southwest army of the Soviet Union suffered some losses, its overall strength remained and it was still stationed in Kiev. For the Germans, the southwest army is a great threat to the German flank. If the Germans did not get rid of the southwest army before attacking Moscow, they would face great risks.

At the same time, there were other reasons that forced Hitler to attack Kiev and annihilate the Soviet army. First of all, the Soviet Union can attack the Pleyesti oil field in Romania with the help of the southern part of the Soviet Union and the Crimean Peninsula, which will threaten the fuel supply in Germany, so it is necessary to win the region to remove the threat. In addition, Ukraine has great economic value. The food in Ukraine, the industrial zone in Donets and the local coal mines were equally attractive to Hitler.

The southern German army corps advanced rapidly, and the Soviet commander Butioni planned to retreat in view of the lack of actual combat effectiveness of the Soviet army, but Stalin did not allow it, so he had to stick to Kiev. So, guderian and Kleist's armored cluster quickly crossed the river, joined forces behind the Soviet Union, and completed the siege of the defenders in Kiev. At this time, Stalin ordered the retreat, and it was too late.

The Soviet troops in the encirclement were quickly divided and surrounded by the Germans. As many as 660 thousand Soviet troops were wiped out, and only a few Soviet troops stood out from the encirclement.

First of all, let's analyze the development of the overall situation on the Eastern Front at that time. Because the main attack direction of the German army is in the middle, and the main defense of the Soviet army is in the south wing, the German central army group advances the fastest, forming a huge protrusion in the front line, which has threatened the flank of the Soviet Southwest Army in the south wing. In other words, the left half of the pincer-like offensive against the Soviet troops in Kiev has been formed.

Because the German Southern Army Group in the south has only one armored cluster, it can't make quick decisions one after another like the Central Army Group, and the Soviet troops in the south wing are the most powerful, especially the armored troops, which makes the progress of the German Southern Army Group not smooth. However, the southern army group still completed a small-scale encirclement and suppression campaign, that is, the Uman encirclement and suppression campaign, and the three Soviet army groups were completely annihilated. Although it failed to completely defeat the main force of the Soviet southwest army, it opened the door for the German army to reach the bend in the lower reaches of the Dnieper River, and the German first armored cluster advanced to the left rear wing of the Soviet army in Kiev, thus forming the right half clamp of the large-scale encirclement and suppression campaign.

In this way, the 2nd Armored Cluster of the Central Army Group turned from Smolensk to the south, while the Southern Army Group 1 Armored Cluster turned from the Dnieper bend to the north, and launched a large-scale pincer offensive. In this strategic situation, the Germans launched an encirclement and suppression campaign against nearly 1 10,000 Soviet troops in Kiev.

The result of this battle through encirclement is basically clear to everyone. Five Soviet army groups were wiped out, and two army groups suffered heavy losses, capturing 665,000 Soviet troops, 37 18 guns, 884 tanks and other countless military materials. In addition, the loss of Soviet casualties and disintegration exceeded 6.5438+0 million, and the southwest army did not exist in essence. General Kolppo North, commander of the army, and him. The battle of encirclement and suppression in Kiev went down in history with the largest battle of encirclement and suppression in history.

The battle of Kiev began on July 7, 194 1. At that time, there were 800,000 defenders in the Soviet Union, with 600,000 to 700,000 in the rear, and the German 1 10,000 troops launched an attack. At that time, zhukov proposed withdrawing troops from Kiev, which was rejected by Stalin. On August 20th, German guderian led the armored forces to attack, and the Soviet Union sent troops to clear the gap and was repelled. 26th, Stalin.

This battle is called "textbook battle".