What's the story of Mother River?

The Yellow River is the second longest river in China. Originated in the Yuegu Zonglie Basin at the northern foot of Bayankala in Qinghai Plateau, it winds eastward, crosses the Loess Plateau and the Huanghuaihai Plain, and flows into the Bohai Sea. The total length of the main stream is 5464 kilometers, and the water level drop is 4480 meters. The total basin area is 795,000 square kilometers (including 42,000 square kilometers of internal flow area).

The Yellow River is not only a natural river with a long history and great momentum, but also the mother river that gave birth to the splendid civilization of the Chinese nation. The word mother itself contains rich humanistic connotation. Therefore, in the development of the Yellow River tourist area, natural resources and human resources should be considered in a unified way, and the perfect combination of the two should be realized as far as possible. Only in this way can our Kaifeng Yellow River tourist area show its own personality and unique charm.

Why is the Yellow River the mother river?

As early as ancient times, the primitive ancestors of China lived and thrived in the Yellow River Basin. In thousands of miles of the Yellow River valley, ancestors settled here because of its mild climate and superior hydrological conditions, which is conducive to the growth of crops. The core areas of Xia, Shang and Zhou Dynasties in the initial stage of Chinese civilization and several powerful unified dynasties such as the Western Han Dynasty, the Eastern Han Dynasty, the Sui Dynasty, the Tang Dynasty and the Northern Song Dynasty are also in the middle and lower reaches of the Yellow River. Many ancient classic cultural works reflecting the wisdom of the Chinese nation also originated in this area. Science and technology, invention, urban construction, literature and art, which marked ancient civilization, also came into being here. Therefore, the Yellow River gave birth to Chinese civilization and nurtured Chinese children. People often say that the Yellow River is the cradle and mother river of the Chinese nation, and this is its significance.

The water quality of the Yellow River has three characteristics: first, there is less water and more sand; Second, the water resources are unevenly distributed in time and space, that is, the runoff area is unevenly distributed, and the runoff varies greatly from year to year; Third, the sources of water and sand are different. The sources of water and sediment in the Yellow River are different. Soil erosion refers to the damage and loss of water and soil resources and land productivity caused by external forces such as water power, gravity and wind power.

In the history of China, people thought that the Yellow River was both a blessing and a curse. Therefore, the Yellow River has two nicknames: the pride of China and the pain of China. In historical records, this information first appeared in 602, until now. The direction of the river has changed five times. The current flow of the Yellow River is the result of the last change of 1897.

The yellow color of the Yellow River is caused by the sediment in the river. Hundreds of years of sediment deposition have made the river flow on the surrounding farmland. Therefore, flood is a big problem for residents. There are many examples of villages destroyed by floods in history.

In the history of China, the Yellow River had a great influence on residents on both sides of the strait, with both advantages and disadvantages. But in any case, the Yellow River has nurtured many people in China, so people in China also call it "Mother River".

The Yellow River is the birthplace of the Chinese nation, the mother river of the descendants of the Yellow Emperor, and the endless root of the tree of Chinese civilization! As the saying goes, "Huang Hefu in Ningxia is the best in the world", and the excellent natural environment in the Yellow River Basin has promoted the continuous development of Central Plains culture and won worldwide praise. However, today's Yellow River has long lost its former style, and the fertile land of "nothing but cattle and sheep" has become barren, short of water and frequently flooded.

1, problem

Soil erosion

For thousands of years, in many areas, forests, grasslands and cultivated land have been seriously degraded, and soil erosion and desertification have occurred from time to time due to vicious exploitation such as over-cultivation, over-grazing and deforestation. The area of soil erosion in China accounts for 15.6% of the land area, and the loess plateau with the most serious soil erosion has reached 90%. The Yellow River flows through the world's largest loess plateau in the middle and upper reaches. Due to loose loess and serious soil erosion, the ecological environment in this area has deteriorated. The flood threat of the Yellow River has always been a "worry" for the Chinese nation, and its root cause is soil erosion in the middle reaches of the Yellow River. Like floods, droughts in the Yellow River basin are characterized by heavy disasters and high frequency.

Contradiction between supply and demand of water resources

With the rapid development of economy and society, the situation facing water resources will be more severe. The water shortage is 4 billion cubic meters in 20 10, 20301/0 billion cubic meters, and 20501600 million cubic meters. The shortage of water resources makes most rivers dry up most of the year, and even the Yellow River is cut off.

water pollution

Among the main stream and tributaries of the Yellow River, only 38.7% of the rivers meet the standard, 20. 1% of the rivers meet the standard, and 4 1.2% of the rivers meet the standard. With the population growth and economic development in the Yellow River Basin, wastewater discharge will continue to increase. It is predicted that in 20 10, the wastewater discharge in the Yellow River basin will exceed 6.5 billion tons, and at the same time, the non-point source pollution will be further expanded. If no control measures are taken, the water quality of the main tributaries of the Yellow River, large and medium-sized cities, may all be worse than the five water quality standards.

There is a song "New Guarding the Yellow River"

The wind is roaring, the sand is screaming,

The yellow river is cut off, the yellow river is cut off,

The mountains in the east of the river are scorching,

Forests in the north of Hexi were cut down,

The soil erosion in mountainous areas is very serious.

Mother river is ready to cry and wither.

Swing picks and shovels,

Plant trees and grass quickly.

Defend your hometown!

Defend the Yellow River!

Defend North China!

Defend all China!

2. Governance measures

To defend the mother river, we must improve the ecological environment of the Yellow River basin.

It is the only way to return farmland to forest in the middle and upper reaches of the Yellow River. Nature should be harmonious and unified, the growth of plants can not be separated from water resources, and the protection of water resources can not be separated from vegetation. Obviously, the only way to solve the serious water shortage in northwest China is to plant trees. This is of far-reaching significance for controlling soil erosion in the Yellow River and other water systems, reducing the harm of sandstorms and establishing a benign agricultural ecological environment.

Accelerate the construction of water control projects in the middle and lower reaches and further improve the capacity of water and sediment regulation of the Yellow River.

Longyangxia, Liujiaxia, Sanmenxia and Xiaolangdi have been built in the middle and upper reaches. In the lower reaches of the Yellow River, in addition to the Sanmenxia Water Control Project, the Luhun Reservoir of Yihe River and the Guxian Reservoir of Luohe River, as well as inter-basin water transfer projects such as "Diversion from Yellow River to Qinghai" and "Diversion from Yellow River to Kangkang" have been built. In order to alleviate the "water shortage" of the Yellow River, the state will comprehensively implement water-saving technologies and measures in the Yellow River basin in the next decade, including large-scale water-saving renovation of the Yellow River irrigation area, strict restrictions on high-water consumption and heavy pollution projects, and the first phase of the West Line of South-to-North Water Transfer Project will be started around 20 10 to replenish water for the Yellow River. At the same time, strengthen the unified dispatch and management of water resources, and implement planned water use and water quota management.

Operation to protect mother river

The theme of "Mother River Protection Action" is to protect the "Mother River"-the Yellow River, the Yangtze River and other major rivers that feed the Chinese nation and people, and mobilize youth organizations at all levels to fully absorb social resources, build the "Mother River Protection Project", launch the "Mother River Protection Action Week (Day)" and create the "Mother River Protection Fund". Vigorously carry out afforestation, control soil erosion, protect the ecological environment of the "Mother River" basin, advocate and establish the awareness of green civilization and sustainable development, promote the construction of national ecological projects, and contribute to the better benefit of the mother river to the Chinese nation and the realization of global ecological balance.

"Mother River Protection Project" is the core of "Mother River Protection Action". The preliminary planning starts from 1999, and it will take five years to build1100,000 mu of greening projects, mainly in the national key ecological engineering control areas of major river basins such as the Yellow River and the Yangtze River. Implement project afforestation and project management. The unified name of the project is "Mother River Protection Project". In strict accordance with the scientific design of the project, the project is determined through the declaration and approval system. National key projects should be selected in key ecological engineering control areas determined by the State Planning Commission and the State Forestry Administration, as well as afforestation and greening areas planned by local governments. Declared by the Communist Youth League Committee and the Ministry of Forestry at or above the county level, approved by the government at the same level and the provincial-level "mother river protection action" leading body, and reported to the national "mother river protection action" leading group for examination and approval. All localities can also determine local key projects, which are planned and implemented by local leading groups. All projects are organized and implemented according to the project, and management is strengthened. At the same time, actively explore other ways to support poor farmers to plant trees and promote the development of rural forestry. National key projects are funded in proportion, specially invested by the State Forestry Administration and other departments, and supported by the government at or above the county level (including the county level) where the project is located, and the construction funds are implemented. The construction funds of local key projects shall be coordinated and implemented by local league organizations, greening committees, forestry and youth foundation and relevant local departments. Greening committees at all levels can support the construction of the project from citizens' voluntary tree planting and greening fees.

On the basis of teenagers' daily activities of planting green, Arbor Day is regarded as "Mother River Action Week", and International Earth Day, Environmental Protection Day and Desertification Prevention Day are regarded as "Mother River Action Days", and large-scale publicity and education, fund-raising and practical activities of planting green are organized.

"Mother River Protection Fund" is the main source of funds for the Communist Youth League to promote project construction. Mainly in the form of "5 yuan donates a tree", "200 yuan donates 1 mu forest" and donates a named memorial forest. The basic ways are as follows: (1) Encourage local citizens who are temporarily short of conditions to fulfill their tree planting obligations and voluntarily pay a certain fee to fulfill their tree planting obligations. Especially in the adult education activities of 18 years old, help teenagers fulfill their first civic obligation in this way. (2) Enterprises, organizations and individual citizens who actively pay attention to and participate in the great cause of greening and ecological environment construction in China. (3) People of insight who are oriented to international organizations, overseas enterprises, organizations and concerned about the environmental, ecological and greening construction in China and the world.

Yunnan large-scale music and dance epic drama "Mother River"

The first "Mother River"

The traces of the mother river are pregnant with Pumi history and Pumi culture. In the footprint of the mother river, there is life, soul and pumi, which is the eternal mother river in our hearts.

The second "Ode to Labor"

Precision Pumi men, waving strong shoulders, sing the melody of mountains with dust, and kind Pumi women weave the outline of the valley with hard-working hands. There is no pure land and no heaven. Only work will yield results.

Scene 3 "The Rhyme of Fire"

Above three feet, there is our unique culture, and in the fireplace, there are our ancient stories. The story of an old man tells the story of our journey. The journey of migration was delayed, and yesterday's story was passed on.

Scene 4 "Love on the fence"

A girl's heart is a knot on the fence. Knot or untie? It depends on how young people untie the Qian Qian knot on the fence.

Scene 5 "Soul of Life"

Mimi, Mimi, come on! Let's play songs with the rhythm of dragon dance and achieve a brilliant life; Come on! Let's follow the dance steps of the dragon wagging its tail and step into a brilliant tomorrow.

When the whole world began to pay attention to environmental protection, the river on which human beings depend was affectionately called "Mother River". The Pumi people in Yunnan, with a population of only 30,000, are full of respect and love for the "mother river" Lancang River, which has nurtured them for generations. As a result, Pumi people created Mother River last year, which is called a large-scale music and dance epic and won many awards in national competitions.

Yesterday, the relevant personnel who created and participated in the performance of Mother River gathered together, and the creative team made a brief summary of the achievements of Mother River from June 8 to June 12. The premiere of Mother River with rich ethnic customs was a great success, with a box office income of 650,000. This is another artistic masterpiece that has successfully embarked on the market road. On this basis, people concerned said: Although lacking experience in many aspects, Mother River has taken an important step in promoting Pumi culture. It is expected to perform abroad at the end of this year and early next year, and then return to China. Finally, it will end in Kunming, and then actively participate in the tourism construction in Yunnan, and perform "Mother River" in Lijiang, Dali and other tourist cities in Yunnan for a long time.

In recent years, environmental pollution has become increasingly prominent in parts of the middle and upper reaches of the Yellow River, such as Ningxia, Inner Mongolia, Shanxi and Shaanxi. Many high-capacity and high-pollution industrial parks have been established one after another. Chimneys have occupied the original village, smoke has covered the sky, sewage has flowed into the Yellow River, and waste residue has been dumped on the grassland. Many residents still live in a seriously polluted environment, and diseases often break out.

According to the statistics of relevant departments, in the past 20 years, the flow of the Yellow River has doubled, more than a dozen important tributaries have become "sewage ditches", and nearly 40% of the main stream has lost its water conveyance function.

China's "Eleventh Five-Year Plan" clearly requires that the total discharge of major pollutants in China will be reduced by 10% in 20 10 compared with the end of the Tenth Five-Year Plan, which means that it will be reduced by 2% every year on average from 2006, and 2007 is a critical period.

"People who live here will not live 10 years." Located in Gongwusu Town, Wuhai City, near the junction of Inner Mongolia and Ningxia, a taxi driver complained helplessly about the black smoke in front of him. I have traveled to Shizuishan City in Ningxia or Dongsheng City in Inner Mongolia for many times through national highways 109 and 108. "The sky is full of thick black smoke like dark clouds, and the sun is covered. When walking on the highway in broad daylight, be sure to turn on the lights. " He added.

It is understood that in recent years, some enterprises with high energy consumption and high pollution, such as calcium carbide, coking, ferrosilicon, etc., have been established one after another in the local area, and the "three wastes" pollution generated by them is profoundly affecting the lives of local residents.

On April 26th, 2006, Yuan Guangshen, deputy director of north village, Gongwusu Town, returned to the village, and his eyes were in confusion after the relocation. "Due to the development of Xilaifeng Industrial Park in Wuhai City, the villagers have moved away." Yuan Guangshen said: Beicun is the only village in Gongwusu Town that focuses on agricultural production, and the grain and vegetables produced by small villages are supplied to neighboring factories and mines. Not far from the east of the village is the Ordos grassland, and across the Yellow River to the west is the endless Alashan desert.

It is reported that since 200 1, nearly 20,000 mu of grassland in Beicun has been occupied by industrial parks. With the construction of the industrial park, hundreds of stoves began to emit black smoke, and the dirty air filled the whole small village. Air pollution has brought the most direct harm to local crops: tomatoes, eggplant and other fruits have black spots to rot, and vegetables cannot be sold. "But we didn't get compensation, and we didn't reach a compensation agreement with the district until recently." Yuan Guangshen said that the villagers moved out of the factory but left the land cultivated for generations, and everyone had nothing to do.

Previously, this village on the edge of desert grassland had nothing to do with terminal illness. Since 2003, people in the village have died of diseases such as cancer. "It would be better to catch up with the windy day, otherwise the room will smell like a choking nose." Yuan Guangsheng looked at the factory under construction and shook his head. "Now most of us suffer from respiratory diseases."

Xilaifeng Industrial Park is just one of many industrial parks at the junction of Wuhai City, Alxa League and Erdos City in Inner Mongolia. Around 2000, the three places competed to open industrial parks in the narrow strip of dozens of kilometers on both sides of the Yellow River. Without exception, enterprises with high productivity and high pollution are the main targets of introduction. Gongwusu Town Development Zone, Wuda Industrial Park, Ustai Industrial Park, Alashan Zuo Qi Industrial Park and Qipanjing Industrial Park are all crowded in a tiny place at the junction of southwest Inner Mongolia and Ningxia.

The land occupied by Qipanjing Industrial Park used to be the pasture of Arbasisumu Ertukegaba in Otok Banner, where the famous Arbasi sheep were produced. "Since 2004, more than a dozen sheep have died at home a year, and cashmere has turned black." Mongolian herder Wang Jila said while driving the sheep. More than 200 sheep struggled to find food near more than 20 smoky chimneys, and a long black dragon extended for one kilometer from the roadside. "Here used to be a riverbed. Since last year, the nearby calcium carbide factory has dumped waste and slag here. " He said. Less than two kilometers to the east, it is a nature reserve surrounded by barbed wire. Wang Jila is one of the few herders who stay in the polluted area of the factory. More Arba herders give up their flocks and move to towns dozens of kilometers away to make a living. "There may be no Arbas sheep in the future." Wang Jila sighed.

About 10 km southwest of Gongwusu Town is a small town called Laseng Temple. This town developed from a chemical factory. Now the chemical plant is sold to a Guangdong boss and equipped with a thermal power plant: the wastewater flows from top to bottom along the pond level and finally discharges into a deep ditch connected with the Yellow River. The waste from the chemical plant was loaded on trucks and dumped in a low-lying pit not far from the Yellow River. The chemical plant has its own railway station, and there are several wagons waiting to be loaded, which are conspicuously marked: "Dangerous goods, highly toxic!" "

Southwest of the factory is Binjiang Industrial Park, Shizuishan City, Ningxia. Numerous chimneys are lined with thick smoke, which presses against the Yellow River, where there is almost no blue sky. "Our fruit trees die in pieces every year," said Tian Fuling, an employee of Shizuishan Garden Forest Farm, who contracted 60 fruit trees to die within four years. The factory directly discharges the steaming yellow turbid wastewater into the Yellow River, and Tianjia's orchard is irrigated with Yellow River water every year.

In the second half of 2006, dozens of enterprises with environmental pollution problems were rectified within a time limit, and a number of "fifteen small" enterprises, such as small coke and sodium silicate, were shut down according to the requirements of the "Complaint Letter on Environmental Pollution Problems of High Energy Consumption Enterprises around Wuhai City, such as Shizuishan City" issued by the Environmental Supervision Bureau of the State Environmental Protection Administration. "Many factories here have closed down and moved to another place to set up factories." An environmental protection official admitted that the current situation is not optimistic. & lt/CA & gt；

Later, people learned that protecting the Yellow River means protecting the people's mother. Finally, the Yellow River is as beautiful as before!

Poems praising the Yellow River

breast milk

It's the surging Yellow River.

After the filtration of youth and life.

It's getting sweet

Sediments of the Yellow River

In her tortuous heart.

Permanent precipitation

Mother is old.

Her heart is getting heavier and heavier.

I almost drank all her milk.

The river she is worried about.

Continue to flow in my life

I also have a thick deposit in my heart.

I can't give milk.

Only blood and sweat

The Yellow River is still flowing

There is milk and sediment.

Flowing ice and longing

The upstream and downstream flow thousands of miles.

Many young mothers

be as tender and soft as water—be deeply attached

The Yellow River is still flowing

But sometimes it can't reach the sea.

The sea and children in China can't live without milk.

For eternal maternal love.

Full of ardent expectations