How to plant Dendrobium

1. Site selection and soil preparation

According to its growth habits, Dendrobium cultivation site should be in a semi-cloudy and semi-sunny environment, with air humidity above 8% and winter temperature above ℃. Artificial controllable environment can also be used. Tree species should be Castanopsis fissa, pear tree, camphor tree, etc., and should be living trees with thick bark, longitudinal grooves, high water content, luxuriant branches and thick trunks. Stone ground should also be in a cool and humid area, with moss growing on the stones and a small amount of humus on the surface.

II. Propagation methods

The propagation methods of Dendrobium can be divided into two categories: sexual propagation and asexual propagation. At present, asexual propagation is mainly used in production.

1. Sexual reproduction means seed reproduction. Dendrobium seeds are very small, each capsule is about 2,, which is yellow powder and usually does not germinate. It can germinate and grow only under the conditions of sufficient nutrients, appropriate humidity and moderate light, and generally needs to be cultured in the tissue culture room. However, although the reproductive coefficient of Dendrobium is extremely high, the success rate of its sexual reproduction is extremely low.

2. asexual propagation

(1) ramet propagation: it should be carried out in spring or autumn, preferably before Dendrobium germinates in late March or early April. Select 1-2-year-old plants with good growth, no pests and diseases, developed roots and many buds as seed plants, uproot them, remove dead branches and broken skills, cut off excessive fibrous roots, keep the old roots about 3 cm, and divide them into several clusters according to the number of stems, each cluster must have 4-5 stems, which can be used as seed stems.

(2) Cutting propagation: It is carried out in spring or summer, preferably from May to June. Three-year-old plants with strong growth are selected, and their plump and round stem segments, with 4-5 nodes in each segment and about 15-25cm in length, are inserted into vermiculite or river sand, and the depth is determined by the fact that the stem does not fall. When axillary buds on the stem germinate and grow white aerial roots, they can be transplanted. Generally, when selecting materials, the upper stem segments are the main ones, because of their top advantages, high survival rate, many buds and fast growth and development.

(3) High-bud propagation: mostly in spring or summer, mainly in summer. Dendrobium plants over three years old should sprout axillary buds, also called tall buds, on their stems every year, and grow aerial roots to become seedlings. When they grow to 5 ~ 7 cm, they can be cut and transplanted.

Third, field management

1. Watering: In the late stage of Dendrobium planting, if the air humidity is too low, it should be watered frequently and moisturized, and it can be sprayed with a sprayer.

2. Topdressing: Dendrobium should pay attention to topdressing when it grows in barren land. For the first time around Qingming, nitrogen fertilizer was mainly mixed with pig cow dung and river mud. For the second time, before and after beginning of winter, peanut drums, rapeseed cakes, calcium superphosphate, etc. were used to add river mud and paste it on the roots. In addition, it could be topdressing outside the roots.

3. Adjust the canopy density: The canopy density of Dendrobium is about 6%, so the epiphytic trees should be pruned frequently to avoid being too shaded or insufficient canopy density.

4. pruning: when new pruning is carried out before spring every year, the dead stems in the cluster are cut off in combination with harvesting old stems, and the diseased stems, weak stems and sick roots are removed. After planting for 6-8 years, the shrubbery will be turned over and re-branched and propagated according to the growth of shrubbery.

fourth, pest control

1. Dendrobium black spot disease: it damages leaves and makes them wither, which occurs from March to May. Control method: 5% carbendazim can be sprayed with 1 times solution for 1~2 times.

2. Anthracnose of Dendrobium: It damages leaves and stems, and brown or black spots appear on the damaged leaves, which occur from January to May. Control method: spray 5% carbendazim 1 times solution or 5% thiophanate methyl 1 times solution for 2~3 times.

3. Dendrobium nobile scale: parasitic on the edge or back of plant leaves, sucking juice, and the peak incubation period is in late May. Control method: 4% dimethoate emulsion can be sprayed with 1 times solution to kill or burn the old branches with shield shell.

5. harvesting and processing

1. harvesting: harvesting at the end of spring every year before germination, and cutting off the stems and branches that are more than three years old when harvesting, leaving the tender stems to continue to grow.

2. Processing: There are different processing methods due to different varieties and commercial medicinal materials. The following two methods are introduced:

(1) Wash the collected stem plants completely, remove the leaves and fibrous roots, separate the single stem plants, scald them in hot water at 85℃ for 1~2 minutes, pick them up, spread them on bamboo mats or cement fields, and rub them off by hand when they are dried to 5%.

(2) You can also soak the washed Dendrobium in boiling water for 5 minutes, take it out to dry, expose it to the sun on a bamboo mat, turn it over 2-3 times a day, rub it while drying until it is soft, and repeat it many times until the residual leaf sheaths are removed, and then dry it until the feet are dry.