A Brief Introduction of German Horses (Commander of the Third Armored Army) and hoppner (Commander of the Fourth Armored Army) in World War II.

Herman "Papa" Hoss (1885 April 12- 197 1 year/year 25),

German army officer, serving from 1903 to 1945, retired after World War II. Retired senior generals (ranking higher than generals and second only to the most senior officers); As an expert in armored warfare, the French campaign made him famous. During the Soviet-German War, he commanded the 4th Armored Forces to participate in the German Barbarossa War against the Soviet Union and the "Typhoon Campaign" in which the Soviet Union attacked the capital Moscow. Later, in 1942, the German Bundeswehr fought in the eastern battlefield and launched a summer offensive codenamed "Blue Action" against the Soviet Union:1June 942,165438+1October, and the offensive and defensive warfare in Stalingrad was commanded by the German Sixth Army trapped in Stalingrad. Later, Holt was sent to the Battle of Kursk in the summer of 1943, and was sent to Kiev in the winter after the battle. He led the 4th Panzer Corps (including two Panzer Corps and several mechanized infantry divisions) to set a world record for the largest number of tanks in the Battle of Kursk, but was recalled to China by Hitler in 1943. This elite German army led by Holt only rested for a month before the end of World War II. After the war, he was imprisoned for six years on the charge of "war criminals" and became a military history writer after his release.

Life before the war

He was born in New Lu Ping, and his father is a military doctor. 1903 joined the Germans and participated in World War I; Weimar * * * and the army remained in the then German Defence Force during the post-war reconstruction. During the 1935 German Armament Reconstruction Plan, Hitler was appreciated, promoted to Major General of the Army, and appointed as the commander of the German 18 Infantry Division.

[Editor] World War II

When the war broke out, he was promoted to lieutenant general from1June, 938, and served as the commander of the German 15 motorized infantry division. He participated in the Polish campaign from1June, 939. He performed well in the French campaign of 1940, and in July of the same year 19 was promoted to general.

194 1 year, fought against Barbarossa, led the 3rd Armored Group to occupy the important Russian industrial cities Minsk and Vitebsk, and also supported the attack on Moscow (the main battle was another German tank master, heinz guderian, who was indignantly demoted by Hitler after the defeat and transferred back to China); In June, 5438,+10, he succeeded General Karl Heinrich von Stupnager in leading 17 troops to fight in Ukraine. Soon he and the 17 Corps were transferred back to Russia to participate in the offensive war against Russia at the beginning of 1942 (see the second battle of Kalkoff).

1June, 942, replaced General Richard Love to lead the 4th Panzer Corps: In Operation Blue, the Germans attacked South Russia, and the Hult Corps even attacked the city of Voronezh in the Don River basin. Then Holt was ordered to go south to support 1 armored troops crossing the Don River, and two German armored troops assisted the 6th Army in capturing Stalingrad (see Stalingrad offensive and defensive warfare).

1942165438+10. In October, Russell Red Army launched a winter counterattack codenamed "Operation Dixing", stormed the German supply line and began to surround the German Sixth Army in Stalingrad. Holt took on the heavy responsibility in the winter storm operation and rescued the besieged Sixth Army of 600,000 troops! Holt's superior commander is Erich von Manstein, former chief of staff in the French campaign and German field marshal. However, the rescue operation failed in the end, because a large number of reinforcements from the Soviet Red Army flocked to Stalingrad, and the weather was extremely bad and cold, making it difficult for German tanks to launch delayed operations. The Red Army cut off the German supply line again and was finally recaptured by the Red Army. The Sixth Corps surrendered and was captured.

1July, 943, Holt reached the peak of his military career: he led the 4th Panzer Corps to counterattack and launched the world's largest battle of Kursk with more than 10,000 tanks with the Red Army; Manstein and Holt attacked from south to north, and General walter model's German Ninth Army attacked from north to south. In the Battle of Kursk, the Germans aimed at besieging tens of thousands of square kilometers of trapezoidal positions that stood out from the German front and were occupied by the Soviet Red Army with mobile warfare. At this time, the Fourth Armored Army joined new forces to help: Sineitai's Second Armored Army was equipped with new weapons, so they made great achievements in destroying and attacking the Red Army front! However, in the previous Battle of prokhorov Card, due to the delay of the overall operational plan, manstein urged Holt to continue to attack. However, when the German Ninth Army attacked the northern part of Kursk, the battle failed and the allies had landed in Sicily, Italy. Since then, the German army deployed Sineitai's 2nd Panzer Corps to fight, and the lack of troops led to the hasty end of the battle of Kursk originally launched by the German army. Since then, Germany has gradually lost its position in the Russian war.

The Soviet Red Army defeated the Germans in the Battle of Kursk, especially in the Battle of Dnieper (the Red Army died as many as 305,000 people! After the bloody victory in defending Russia [2], it was like the prelude to a series of battles. 1943, the red army finally recovered Kiev and drove the Germans out of Ukraine. Although Holt made outstanding achievements and was a general, Hitler blamed Holt for this series of German defeats. He dismissed the rank of commander of Holt Corps and transferred back to Germany. 1943, 165438+ 10, Holt was transferred to the training officer of the reserve force.

1in April, 945, Holt was recalled to the combat post again and served as the commander of Kabbah Qianshan Defence Zone. The patriotic Holt went to his post without hesitation until Germany surrendered a month later. The European battlefield ended in World War II, and the bell of peace rang.

[Editor] After the war

After the war, Holt accepted the accusation of "war criminals" in Nuremberg, and was sentenced to 1948 and 15 years' imprisonment by the court on October 27th. He served his sentence until 1954, and was released early (probably because of the intensified group confrontation in the cold war era and the North Atlantic Treaty Organization's reliance on Holt's military talents), and wrote in seclusion. A generation of tank masters later died and were buried in goslar.