Appreciation and translation of the original texts of Yao He's two poems on poor borders

Two words from the poor side: the general is an ancient town, and the water is greasy and the spring is soft. The air at night and the songs and dances of the city have just gone away, and passers-by don't believe this is the end of the town.

Soldiers from four towns in the western regions tried arrows, but foreigners dared not come to the east. The defense line is safe within a thousand miles, and the beacon tower is safe to the city.

The general is guarding the distant ancient city of Yizhou, with clear water, green mountains and soft spring. The night is clear, and the songs and dances in the city have just dispersed. Passers-by don't believe this is the end of the border town.

The soldiers in the four towns in the western regions adjusted their bows and tried their arrows, but the barbarians did not dare to invade the Near East. Thousands of miles of defense security, peace bonfires are introduced into Beijing one stop at a time.

Note 1 poor edge: remote and remote areas. 2 town generals: guard the generals. Jin's poem "Land-making Machine for Krabi" says: "Fan Yue is the town, assisting my Beijing office." Do: do "sit". Qiān Prefecture: The Tang Dynasty belonged to the official Daoism, which ruled Qiyuan and Fuyang counties. Today is a thousand counties in Shaanxi. 3 water greasy (ni): water is trickling and slippery as oil. Shanchun: There is spring in the mountains. Soft solar terms: the weather is warm. Sixian: stringed and wind instruments. Generally refers to musical instruments. Also refers to music. Pedestrian: the recruiter is the foot soldier. Tang Du Fu's Military Vehicle Shop: "Car garbage, Ma Xiaoxiao, each of you has a bow and quiver on your belt." Side head: front edge; "Xia Sai Qu" by the Changling of Biandiwang Hall, the fourth song: "How miserable is the border crossing? General Huo has been buried. " 6 Bow and arrow key (bar): Make bow and arrow key. Four Towns: According to the records of Lu Zhi in Tang Dynasty, the four towns refer to the four sections of Shuofang, Jingyuan, Longyou and Hedong. In the Tang Dynasty, Qiuci, Yutian, Yanqi and Shule were called the four towns in the western regions. (See geography of primary schools) fān people: a general term for foreigners or foreigners in ancient China. Fan, preach "Fan". Near East Tour: refers to the east and west sides of the four towns. There are ethnic minorities in the west and the Tang Empire in the east. 8 along the border: near the border. Xiongnu: Completely, completely. Nothing: nothing. 9. Safe fire: In the Tang Dynasty, a fire was set every 30 miles, and a bonfire was lit every first night, which was called "safe fire". Tang Du Fu's "Night Beacon": "If the night beacon is not near, everyone will report peace. Zhu Note: "Tang Zhen keeps watch and lights a torch at the first night every day, which is called Anhuo. 」

The background of two poems about poor frontier fortress: This group of poems describes the scene of the rise of border towns to praise the defense work of border guards. In the 10th year of Yuanhe (8 15), Tang Xianzong once wrote poems in Jingzhou (now Gansu), Gongzhen, Longxi. After Tianbao (742 ~ 756), most of the northwest territory fell into Tubo. Not far from Chang 'an, it has become a "poor border" in the author's eyes, which shows that the national strength of the Tang Dynasty was much weaker than that of the previous dynasty.

Appreciation of two poems in this group of poems * * *, the first one, the first sentence "The general makes a town for Guzhou", points out the object of praise in this poem, and the last two introduce the prosperity of Guzhou after the general took charge. The poet deliberately exaggerates the mountains, water, solar terms and silk pipes in spring and clear night, which makes people feel that there is no desolation in the border, no smell of war, and what they are exposed to is a prosperous and peaceful scene. "Water is tired of mountains, and spring is soft." Water is tired, which is the feminine form of spring water, different from the surging summer water. Using the word "greasy" to describe the spring water naturally contains the poet's praise. The word "mountain spring" succinctly describes the infinite spring scenery of mountains and valleys and flowers. Soft solar terms mean soft solar terms and timely wind and rain. The meaning of this sentence is: spring is gentle and lovely, and the mountains and rivers are beautiful; Bright spring is the result of "soft solar terms", which is always about the border town scenery in spring and during the day. The border town after nightfall is another scene. The poet only uses the word "silk tube in the city" to describe it, which is an exaggeration. The sound of silk pipes not only came from Plutocratic family, but also rippled on the streets of the whole city. The word "three" is used brilliantly, setting off a happy scene of the family without the interference of the border police. The sound of the silk tube comes from Clear Night, which shows the tranquility and order of the border town in joy. Although it is happy, it doesn't bother. Therefore, although the land is "poor", the scenery is beautiful. No wonder the guests from the mainland don't believe this is a frontier fortress when they see this scene of sudden release of spring and crowing. The appearance of this peaceful scene should be attributed to the general who served as the commander. However, the poet did not directly praise the general's contribution to peace, but implied praise in praising the beautiful scenery, and used the pen very tactfully. Write a sentence about the feelings of pedestrians, or avoid saying praise directly. "Pedestrian disbelief" seems to be written as an objective phenomenon. In fact, the passers-by also include the poet himself. That heartfelt compliment is well written.

The second poem also depicts a scene of peace, but this scene of peace did not come for no reason, but was the result of soldiers' long-term heroic defense of the border. If it weren't for "drawing troops from four towns with arrows", it would be difficult to realize that "barbarians dare not go to the Near East". Of course, "nothing happened at the border, but they entered the city safely" would be impossible. This shows the contribution of the soldiers to the frontier defense and expresses the author's sincere praise to the soldiers on the frontier defense.

Poetry: Two Poems by Yao He in the Tang Dynasty: Frontier fortress, scenery description and praise