Nazi Germany invaded Yugoslavia.

1940 After the Italian fascists attacked Greece in June, they were driven back to Albania by the Greek army. Adolf Hitler realized that he needed to help his allies, not only to rebuild the prestige of the Axis, but also to stop the British Empire from bombing Romanian oil fields, because most of Germany's oil supply sources came from here.

According to the agreement, the Kingdom of Hungary, Romania and Bulgaria joined the Axis countries. Hitler put pressure on Yugoslavia to join the three-nation alliance treaty. Prince Paul, the Regent, gave in to this pressure on March 25th, 194 1. However, this action is extremely unpopular among the Serbian people and army who oppose joining the Axis countries. On March 27th, Serbian officers who opposed joining the Axis launched a military coup. King Peter Alekseyevich Romanov.

The accident made Hitler very angry. He decided to postpone the attack on Barbarossa to punish the Soviet Union's betrayal of sending troops to Yugoslavia. Although the new Yugoslav leadership has sent a loyal message to the Axis countries, it still can't calm his anger.

194 1 On April 6th, 2008, Axis forces invaded from all directions, and the German Defence Forces bombed Belgrade. The Axis countries won quickly, because Yugoslavia only resisted 1 1 day and surrendered on April 7, 17. Although the Yugoslav army tried its best to hold on, the result was the same. Yugoslavia was divided between Germany, Hungary, Italy and Bulgaria.

Compared with the German army (the German Defence Force), the Yugoslav army tried to defend all the borders, but it could only carve up limited resources. In addition, some Yugoslav divisions refused to fight. On the contrary, they welcomed the Germans as liberators of Serbian oppression. Therefore, Yugoslavia's resistance to the invaders soon collapsed.

The main reason is that none of the ethnic minorities in China-Slovenian, Croatian and Macedonian-are ready to fight for the Serbian-led Yugoslavia. The only effective resistance comes from the troops formed by the Serbs themselves in Serbia. [5] The Serbian General Staff believes that Yugoslavia, as "Greater Serbia", is led by Serbs in one way or another. On the eve of the invasion, Yugoslavia had 165 active generals. Of these people, only four are Serbs. [6]

Germany occupied northern Slovenia, while maintaining its direct occupation of Serbia and considerable influence on the newly established puppet state. [7] Croatia became an independent country and gained most of today's Croatia and the territory of Bosnia and Herzegovina. Italy acquired the rest of Slovenia, large coastal areas of Kosovo and Dalmatia (and almost all Adriatic islands). It also controlled the newly established puppet state Montenegro and the independent state Croatia, although it did not really exercise power. Hungary sent the Hungarian Third Army to occupy Fuvdina in northern Serbia, and later forcibly annexed some counties such as Baranja, Bachica, Megimulai, Mulki and Prek. [8] At the same time, Bulgaria occupied all the territory of neighboring Macedonia.

Allies continue to recognize the exiled government of the Kingdom of Yugoslavia and the newly established Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia.

Yugoslav resistance forces are divided into two factions: Yugoslav guerrillas headed by the * * * Production Party; Serbian guerrillas, a conservative royalist and nationalist faction, are supported by almost all Serbs in occupied Yugoslavia. Serbian guerrillas were initially recognized by Western allies. The Yugoslav guerrillas were supported by the Soviet Union, but it was not until the Tehran Conference (1943) that they replaced the Serbian guerrillas and were generally recognized by the allies. After this meeting, the cooperation between Serbian guerrillas and Axis countries increased greatly.

Yugoslav guerrillas (officially known as Yugoslav People's National Liberation Army and SS), under the command of Tito Yuan Division, mainly fought with Germany, Italy, Hungary, Bulgaria and domestic partners. They rely on a group of soldiers who have gained rich combat experience from the Spanish Civil War to train their troops and win the support of different countries under the socialist ideology. In their struggle, they were gradually recognized as legitimate Yugoslav liberation forces by the allied forces and the Yugoslav government in exile. This movement made them the biggest resistance force in occupied Europe, with 800,000 people forming four fronts. [9] In the end, the Yugoslav guerrillas defeated all their opponents and became the official army of the newly established Yugoslav Democratic Federation (later the Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia).

Although the activities of Macedonian guerrillas were part of the Yugoslav people's liberation war, the special situation of Macedonia (due to the strong tendency of local producers to be autonomous) led to the establishment of an independent army, the Macedonian Liberation Army, and participated in the Macedonian national liberation war. By 1944, Macedonians and Serbs got in touch in southern Serbia and formed a joint command, thus making Macedonian guerrillas directly under the command of Tito Yuan Division. [10] The tendency of autonomy of the Macedonian * * * production party mainly occurred during the Second World War, and was finally resolved at the second Macedonian National Liberation Anti-Fascist Congress in 1945.

The royalist Serbian guerrillas under the command of Dracha mikhailovich (formally known as the Yugoslav Zu Army) are mainly composed of the remnants of the scattered Royal Yugoslav Army, and have received overwhelming support from the Serbs. Serbian guerrillas were founded shortly after Germany invaded Yugoslavia and the government surrendered in April 194 1 Japan. At first, the Serbian guerrillas were the only resistance movement organization recognized by the Yugoslav government in exile and its allies. Yugoslav guerrillas tried to cooperate with Serbian guerrillas at the beginning of the conflict, but this cooperative relationship soon collapsed. After fruitless negotiations, the leader of Serbian guerrillas, General mikhailovich, turned to Yugoslav guerrillas as his main enemy. According to him, the reason is humanitarian: to prevent Germans from retaliating against Serbs. However, this did not stop the resistance activities of Yugoslav guerrillas. Serbian guerrillas attacked Yugoslav guerrillas at 194 1 10, and increasingly accepted supplies and cooperation from Germany and Italy. Britain contacted mikhailovich and told London to stop supplying after the attack on Uzice (see the first anti-Yugoslav guerrilla offensive), but Britain continued to supply after the attack. [4]

Early resistance

The Axis invasion of Barbarossa to the Soviet Union began on June 22nd, 194 1. [12] On the same day, the Yugoslav guerrillas formed the 1 Sziszak guerrilla detachment, which was the first armed resistance force in Europe. The establishment of the Brezovica forest near Sziszak marked the beginning of the anti-axis resistance of occupied Yugoslavia.

In the following weeks, various military organizations with more or less contact with the liberation movement broke out armed confrontation with the Axis forces in various parts of Yugoslavia. Communist party, Yugoslavia decided to formally launch an armed uprising on July 4th, 194 1, which was later designated as Soldiers' Day, one of the public holidays in the Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia. Zikika Jovanovic ("Spaniard") fired the first shot in the battle on July 7, 194 1, which was also the National Day of the Socialist Republic of Serbia (one of the Socialist Federations of Yugoslavia joined the Socialist Republic of Yugoslavia).

194 1 August 10, in a place called Stanulovi? In the mountain village, Yugoslav guerrillas formed the headquarters of Copa Onek guerrilla detachment. The areas they liberated, including nearby villages, were originally called "Miners' Republic" in Yugoslavia and existed for 42 days. Resistance fighters later formally joined the Yugoslav guerrillas. 1 9411On February 22nd, Yugoslav guerrillas formed the first proletarian assault brigade (1. Proleterska Udarna Brigada), the first regular military unit of Yugoslav guerrillas, can take military action outside the region. 65438+February 22nd became "Yugoslav People's Army Day". 1942, the guerrilla detachment was formally incorporated into the Yugoslav People's National Liberation Army and the SS detachment (1 1 month/day POJ).

After the surrender of the Royal Yugoslav Army, some remaining Yugoslav soldiers formed Serbian guerrillas. This unit consists of Colonel Dracha mikhailovich of Gova in western Serbia. However, unlike the Yugoslav guerrillas, mikhailovich's troops are almost all Serbs. He ordered his troops to arm themselves and wait for his order to make a final attack. Mikhailovich avoided taking direct action to attack the Axis forces, which he considered to be of low strategic importance.

1942, Time magazine selected an article praising the "success" of Serbian guerrillas led by mikhailovich and predicting that he was the only freedom defender in Europe under Nazi occupation. Serbian guerrillas were also praised by several rescued allied pilots who were shot down. However, Tito's guerrillas fought the Germans more actively during this period. Tito and mikhailovich were paid 654.38 million yuan by Hitler to get their heads. Although "officially" they were sworn enemies of the German army and Stasa, Serbian guerrillas sent special envoys to make secret deals with Italy, other occupation troops and traitor troops.

Axial reaction

Use increasingly successful guerrilla tactics against the Axis occupying forces and their local partners, the Serbian government for national salvation, the Croatian independent state controlled by Stasa and the Serbian guerrillas (they are also considered as partners). They gradually gained more success and public support, and successfully controlled a large territory of Yugoslavia. The People's Committee was established as a democratically elected government in the areas liberated by Yugoslav guerrillas. In some areas, even some arms industries have been established.

However, at the beginning, the Yugoslav guerrillas were relatively small, poorly equipped and lacked any infrastructure. However, compared with other military and paramilitary organizations in the former Yugoslavia, they have two main advantages: the first and most direct advantage is that they have a small number of veterans who have gained rich experience from the Spanish civil war. Unlike other military and paramilitary units, these veterans have rich experience in modern warfare, which is quite similar to Yugoslavia in World War II. Other major advantages, especially in the later period of the war, were that Yugoslav guerrillas attached importance to ideology rather than nationality. Therefore, they can expect to get at least some support in almost any corner of the country, instead of being confined to Croat or Serb-majority territory like other paramilitary organizations. This gives their units greater mobility, greater mobility and greater potential to recruit new recruits to enhance their reputation.

However, the Axis countries are quite aware of the threat of Yugoslav guerrillas. They tried to launch a series of small offensives to destroy them. At the same time, there were seven major anti-Yugoslav guerrilla offensives, specifically aimed at destroying all Yugoslav guerrillas. These major offensives are usually carried out by the joint forces of the German Defence Forces and the Pro-Guard Forces, Italian, Serbian guerrillas, Croatian independence, Serbian national salvation government, Bulgarian and Hungarian armed forces. The main offensive includes two large-scale operations: white operation and black operation, also known as the fourth offensive (Retva Campaign) and the fifth offensive (Su Guiscar River Campaign). [ 13]

In June 5438+ 10 and June 5438+065438+ 10, the cold weather restricted the air activities on the Yugoslav front. The actions of Yugoslav guerrillas spread to eastern Serbia, and some air squadrons stationed at Sarajevo airport appeared in the Bosnian-Serbian border area. The Yugoslav guerrillas tried to consolidate and expand the control area in eastern Yugoslavia, and they liberated these areas in the autumn of 194 1. [ 14]

1942, fighting with Yugoslav guerrillas intensified. Guerrillas not only liberated a large area of territory in eastern Yugoslavia, but also encouraged rebellions all over the country.

Yugoslav resistance organizations, except some smaller areas, extended their large liberated areas to the west of Retva and Posna along the urban roads of Zagreb and Rijeka. The Yugoslav guerrillas have grown stronger-more than 60 thousand troops, known as "Tito's country." They are well trained and supported by artillery. 1943 65438+1On October 20th, the attack on Wolfenstein Castle in Yugoslavia was code-named "White Operation" with the aim of recovering lost territory. The operation was supported by aircraft from the German Air Force, the Royal Italian Air Force and the Croatian Independent Air Force. The second and third squadrons from Sarajevo and the sixth squadron from Banja Luka participated in the bombing and distributed leaflets.

After the White Operation, Banja Luka Air Force Base was reinforced by the newly established Fifth Squadron. The Croatian Independent Air Force now has three air bases, six wings and 14 squadrons. During the period of 1943, new planes arrived one after another, including 30 Do 17E bombers overhauled from Germany, which were assigned to the 3rd squadron (Zagreb) and 13 and 15 squadrons (Banja Luka). 34 long-range Bücker Bü 13 1 young people and 25 Zeeman 200 light two-seat trainers arrived from Italy, and they were assigned to all three air bases.

Although the air force of the independent state of Croatia only played a simple role in the subsequent anti-guerrilla attacks, including the black operation of 1943, it mainly participated in the action of the Croatian central front. As usual, the resistance of Yugoslav guerrillas showed their viability and effectiveness, and they began to take new actions to influence the war situation in Yugoslavia.

The Yugoslav guerrillas are clearly aware of the threat posed by the constant air strikes by the medium bomber units of Croatia's independent national air force. On August 10, a brigade taking off from Rajilo Watts airport in Sarajevo carried out a devastating night attack. After three and a half hours of attack, the Croatian Independent Air Force 10 bomber was shot down, five bombers and transport planes of the German Air Force were destroyed, and another 17 plane was injured. Although some crew members responded with machine guns on the plane, the Yugoslav guerrillas lost less than 20 planes. Since then, the Air Force Command of the Independent State of Croatia has complained that during the air raid, the German army ordered the planes to be scattered around airports, making them particularly vulnerable to this type of ground attack. [ 19].

In Yugoslavia, historians have determined that the seven Axis actions were numbered as anti-Yugoslav guerrilla offensives:

The first anti-Yugoslav guerrilla attack (the first attack on the enemy) was the Axis attack on Uzbekistan in the autumn of 194 1, which was a liberated area established by Yugoslav guerrillas in western Serbia. 194 1 year1month, the Germans attacked and reoccupied this territory, and most of the Yugoslav guerrillas fled to Bosnia. It was in this offensive that the fragile cooperative relationship between Yugoslav guerrillas and royalist Serbian guerrillas broke down and became openly hostile to each other.

The second anti-Yugoslav guerrilla attack (the second enemy attack) was the coordinated attack of Axis forces on Yugoslav guerrillas in eastern Bosnia in June 5438 +0942+10. In order to avoid being besieged again, Yugoslav guerrillas were forced to retreat to the Igelman Mountains near Sarajevo.

The third anti-Yugoslav guerrilla attack (the third enemy attack) was 1942' s attack on Yugoslav guerrillas in East Bosnia, Montenegro, Sandzak and Montenegro. The Germans called the operation a threesome, but the Yugoslav guerrillas escaped again in time at the end of the operation. Some data wrongly called this operation the Battle of Kozara, which took place in the summer of 1942.

The fourth anti-Yugoslav guerrilla offensive (the fourth enemy attack), also known as the Battle of Retva or the White Operation, crossed the western part of Bosnia and Herzegovina, and finally the Yugoslav guerrillas retreated to the Retva River. The fighting took place from 1943 10 to April.

The fifth anti-Yugoslav guerrilla attack (the enemy's fifth attack) is also called the Battle of Su Guiscar River or Black Operation. This action was launched immediately after the fourth attack. 1943 from may to June, Yugoslav guerrillas were surrounded in southeastern bosnia and northern Montenegro.

The sixth anti-Yugoslav guerrilla attack (the sixth enemy attack) was a series of actions carried out by the German Defence Forces and Stasa to seize the Adriatic coast after Italy surrendered. The offensive began in autumn and winter from 1943 to 1944.

The seventh anti-Yugoslav guerrilla attack (the enemy's seventh attack) was the last attack in western Bosnia in the spring of 1944, including the vault (flying knight), which failed to destroy josip broz tito himself and the leading subordinates of the Yugoslav guerrillas.

[Editor] This shift has been supported by the allies.

Main entrance: Yugoslavia and its allies

In the subsequent conflict, the Yugoslav guerrillas won a moral victory, and they only received limited material support from the allies. He used to support Serbian guerrillas led by General Dracha mikhailovich, but thought that they cooperated with each other and collected a lot of information during the war.

In order to collect intelligence, representatives of western allies were sent to infiltrate Yugoslav guerrillas and Serbian guerrillas. Collecting information through communication with resistance organizations is very important for the success of supply and has an important impact on the allied strategy in Yugoslavia. Intelligence gathering eventually led them to be blinded by Yugoslav guerrillas, and Serbian guerrillas failed. 1942, although the supply is limited, it is symbolic to send support to two resistance organizations at the same time. There will be changes in the new year. The Germans carried out Operation Schwartz (the battle of Sujiska River, the first Yugoslav guerrilla offensive among the five evils), which was one of a series of offensives aimed at destroying the resistance. At that time, Britain sent William Deakin to collect information.

His report contains two important points. First of all, Yugoslav guerrillas are brave and active. The German 1 Mountain Division engaged with the German 104 Light Infantry Division, which suffered heavy casualties and needed reinforcements. The second opinion is that the whole German 1 Mountain Division was transferred from Russia by the transit railway line through the territory controlled by Serbian guerrillas. The German intelligence information intercepted by the British (ULTRA) confirmed that Serbian guerrillas were timid. Even today, many cases, facts and motives are still unclear, and intelligence reports have led the allied forces to accelerate their air support and transfer policies in Yugoslavia. In September 1943, at Churchill's request, Brigadier General Sfitz McLean was parachuted to Tito's headquarters near Delval as a formal permanent liaison officer with Yugoslav guerrillas. Although Serbian guerrillas still receive supplies occasionally, Yugoslav guerrillas will receive most of the aid. [ 1]

Therefore, after the Teheran Conference, the Yugoslav guerrillas were officially recognized as legitimate national liberation forces by the allied forces, and the allied forces later established the Balkan Air Force (at the suggestion of Brigadier General Switz McLean) with the purpose of providing more material and tactical air support to Marshal Tito's Yugoslav guerrillas.

June 65438 +0944+10/October 65438, Tito's troops failed to capture Banja Luka. However, although Tito was forced to quit, mikhailovich and his troops were noticed by the western media because of their ineffective actions. [20] 1944, 16 in June, Yugoslav guerrillas and Yugoslav government-in-exile king Peter Alekseyevich Romanov signed the Tito-Subissi agreement in Lisa. This agreement is to form a new Yugoslav government including producers and royalists. It requires the government in exile and the Yugoslav guerrillas (Antifa? isti？ ko V(ij)e？ e Narodnog Oslobo？ Enja Jugoslavije, AVNOJ) merged. The Tito-Subissi agreement also called on all Slovenians, Croats and Serbs to join the Yugoslav guerrillas. The Royal Government recognized the guerrillas as regular Yugoslav troops. Mikhailovich and many Serbian guerrillas refused to answer the phone.

1945 From March 30th to April 8th, General mikhailovich's Serbian guerrillas finally tried to establish themselves as a credible strike force against the Axis Powers in Yugoslavia. Serbian guerrillas fought against the combined forces of Stasa and the Croatian National Guard. At that time, the battle was against the independent state of Croatia near Banja Luka. The battle ended in the victory of the troops of the Croatian Independent State.

Allied attacks in the Balkans

To 1944 65438+February 3 1 August1944, Romanian King Mihai I staged a coup, Romania withdrew from the war, and the Romanian army was placed under the command of the Soviet Red Army. Romanian troops attacked the Germans and took part in the Prague offensive. Bulgaria also withdrew from the war and declared war on Germany and its remaining allies on September 10. The Axis sent weaker divisions to invade Bulgaria, but they were easily repelled. In Macedonia, the Bulgarian army was surrounded by Germans and betrayed by senior military commanders, forcing them to retreat to the old border of Bulgaria during the battle. Three Bulgarian legions (about 455,000 men in total) entered Yugoslavia in late September of 1944 with the consent of Todi and Yugoslav guerrillas, and moved from Sofia to Nish and Skopje to carry out the strategic task of preventing the Germans from retreating from Greece. Within two months, it was liberated in eastern and southern Serbia and Macedonia, and the Bulgarian 1 30,000-strong army continued to advance to Hungary.

At the same time, with the air support of the allied forces and the help of the Soviet Red Army, the Yugoslav guerrillas turned their attention to the Serbian national salvation government, that is, the fifth column of the Serbian axis. Since the collapse of Uzbekistan in 194 1 (see the first anti-Yugoslav guerrilla offensive), there has been relatively little fighting in this area. 10 10 On October 20th, the Red Army and Yugoslav guerrillas jointly attacked and liberated Belgrade. When winter came, Yugoslav guerrillas effectively controlled the whole of Yugoslavia-half of eastern Serbia, Valdar Macedonia and Montenegro-and most of the Dalmatian coast. Throughout the winter from 1944 to 1945, the German Defence Forces and the troops of the independent state of Croatia controlled by Osta Sa held fast to the front line of Srym. In order to improve the strength of Yugoslav guerrillas, Tito announced an amnesty for all members of the traitorous forces who defected before 1944 12 3 1.

All-round attack by Yugoslav guerrillas

On March 20th, 1945, Yugoslav guerrillas launched a general attack in Mostar-Visegrad-Retva area. As large rural areas in Bosnia, Croatia and Slovenia are under the control of Yugoslav guerrillas, the final offensive includes connecting these territories and occupying major cities and highways. In this general attack, Marshal Tito commanded about 800,000 guerrillas to be divided into four legions: 1 Legion was commanded by Dap Chevich, 2nd Legion was commanded by Koya Popovich, 3rd Legion was commanded by Costa Nahua, and 4th Legion was commanded by Peta Drapp Sin. In addition, the Yugoslav guerrillas have eight independent armies (2nd, 3rd, 4th, 5th, 6th, 7th, 9th and 10).

Facing the Yugoslav guerrillas, the German E Army of General Alexander Rolle has seven armies (15 Mountain Army, 15 Cossack Army, 2/Kloc-0 Mountain Army, 34 Army, 69 Army and 68 Army). These troops include 17 weakening divisions (Cossack Division 1, Cossack Division 2, Armed Guard Division 7, Air Force Field Division 1 1, 22nd, 4th1,104,/kloc-0. 188, 237, 297, 369 infantry divisions, 373 Croatia, 392 Croatia and 14 Ukrainian Armed Sineitai Division). In addition to these seven armies, the Axis countries still have residual navies and air forces, but they are constantly hit by the Royal Navy, the Royal Air Force and the US Army Aviation, and their strong police force ensures the rear. [2 1]

In June, the army of the Independent State of Croatia was reorganized into 1 9441,and its troops were merged with those of Stasa and the Croatian National Guard into 18 divisions, including 13 infantry divisions, 2 mountain divisions, 2 attack divisions and/kloc-0. From 1945, Croatian divisions were assigned to several Germans, and from 1945, the southern front was defended. [22]

The air force of the independent state of Croatia and the troops of the Croatian Air Force Corps were withdrawn from the eastern front to provide some air support (ground, fighter planes and transportation) until May 1945, and sometimes they encountered and defeated air strikes by the Royal British Air Force, the US Army Air Force and the Soviet Air Force. In March 1945, the Germans still provided them with the latest German Bf 109G and K fighters. [23]

Serbian forces include the Serbian National Guard and the remnants of Serbian Volunteers under the leadership of the Serbian National Salvation Government. Even some troops of ORSD are still stationed in Slovenia intact. [24]

By the end of March, 1945, I learned from the Croatian Army Command that although the front line was still intact, they would eventually be defeated due to lack of ammunition. To this end, they decided to retreat to Austria in order to surrender to the British army advancing northward from Italy. [25]

On the first day of the general attack, Yugoslav guerrillas liberated Bihac. Under the command of Peta Drapp Sin, the Fourth Army Corps broke through the defense line of 15 armed Sineitai cavalry. By April 20th, Drapp Sin had liberated Lika and Croatian coastal areas, including some islands, and reached the Italian border with the former Yugoslavia. 1 In May, after capturing Rijeka and Istrad, which were defended by the German 68th Army and controlled by the former Italians, the Fourth Army of Yugoslavia joined forces with the Western allies on the Istra Peninsula that day.

The 2nd Army Corps of Yugoslavia, under the command of Koya Popovich, forcibly crossed the Bosna River on April 5th, captured Doboli and reached the Una River. On May 8th, the 2nd Army Corps of Yugoslavia captured Zagreb together with the troops of Yugoslavia 1 Army Corps. On April 6th, the 2nd, 3rd and 5th armies of Yugoslav guerrillas recaptured Sarajevo from the German army 2 1.

On April 12, the 3rd Army Corps of Yugoslavia forcibly crossed the Retva River under the command of Kostanahua. The Third Army then started in Bode lavina, reached the northern part of Zagreb, and crossed the old Austrian-Yugoslav border at De La vogler. The third army blocked the surrounding enemy forces, and its advancing mobile detachment joined forces with the detachment of the fourth army in Kenton.

At the same time, on April 12, the Yugoslav 1 Army, under the command of Dap Cevic, infiltrated the defense line of the 34th German Army in Slim. On April 22nd, 1 troops destroyed the fortifications and advanced on Zagreb. After joining hands with the Second Army to capture Zagreb, the two armies marched on Slovenia.

Operation Finale

Yugoslav guerrillas crossed liberated Vitola, and on May 2, the German capital Berlin fell. 1On May 7, 945, Germany surrendered unconditionally and the European War officially ended. Italy withdrew from the war on 1943, Bulgaria stopped fighting on 1944, and Hungary surrendered earlier on 1945. Although Germany surrendered, sporadic fighting still took place in Yugoslavia. On May 7, Zagreb was liberated, and on May 9, maribor and Ljubljana were occupied by Yugoslav guerrillas, generally [[Alexander L? Hr]], General Alexander Rolle, Commander-in-Chief of German E Army, was in Top, Slovenia on Wednesday, May 9, 1945. The Israeli-controlled area was forced to sign the surrender of all the troops under its command. Only Croatia and other anti-Yugoslav guerrillas still exist.

From May 10 to May 15, Yugoslav guerrillas continued to face resistance from Croats and other anti-Yugoslav guerrillas in Croatia and other parts of Slovenia. Bogana, the last battle of World War II in Europe, started in Bogana near Prevalje on May 14 and ended on May 1945. This was the last climax, when a series of Yugoslav guerrillas and a large number (more than 30,000 people) of German troops (German Defence Forces), Croatian Stasa, Croatian National Guard (Havasco Home Guard), Slovenian National Guard (Home Guard) and other anti-Yugoslav guerrillas tried to retreat to Austria.

abstract

May 1945, 15, remnants of armed Cossack cavalryNo. 15 in garde nationale, Stasa and Sineitai, garde nationale, Serbia, Serbian volunteers surrendered to the British army. Croats tried to negotiate with Britain to surrender according to the terms of the Geneva Convention, but they were ignored. Croatia's independent state joined the Convention on June 20th, 1943, and was recognized as a "militant", that is, a nation-state with armed forces on the battlefield. All the countries that signed the convention, including Britain and the United States, were informed of this confirmation. [25] On May 5th, in Palma (Trieste, 50 kilometers northwest of Istrad), 2,400 and 2,800 Serbian volunteers surrendered to the British. On May 12, another 2,500 Serbian volunteers surrendered to the British in Unterbergen, Retva.

On June 1 day, most of Serbian garde nationale, Serbian Volunteers, Croatian garde nationale, Ukrainian Stasa militia and pro-guard Cossack cavalryNo. 15 surrendered to the British. This operation is code-named Operation Barge. The Yugoslav guerrillas treated prisoners of war cruelly, which was called the Breburg Massacre. On June 8, the United States, Britain and Yugoslavia agreed to control Trieste.

1945 On March 8th, the Federal Government of Yugoslavia was established in Belgrade, with Tito as Prime Minister and Ivan Subasic as Foreign Minister. King Peter Alekseyevich Romanov agreed to wait for the result of the referendum before ending his exile. 18 In the early morning of July, mikhailovich and nine other Serbian guerrillas were in Lisi? Iggy Potoc was executed. This basically ended the civil war between the Yugoslav guerrillas belonging to the * * * production party and the royalist Serbian guerrillas in World War II.