Disadvantages of solar energy?

1, dispersion: although the total amount of solar radiation reaching the earth's surface is large, the energy flow density is very low. On average, in the Tropic of Cancer, when the weather is clear in summer, the solar radiation has a high irradiance at noon, and the average solar energy received is about 1 000 w in the area perpendicular to the direction of sunlight. If the average day and night of the whole year is only about 200W W, only about half in winter and only about 1/5 on cloudy days, the energy flow density is very low. Therefore, when using solar energy, in order to get a certain conversion power, a set of collection and conversion equipment with a considerable area is often needed, and the cost is high.

2. Instability: Due to the limitation of natural conditions such as day and night, season, geographical latitude and altitude, and the influence of random factors such as sunny, cloudy, cloud and rain, the solar irradiance reaching a certain ground is intermittent and extremely unstable, which increases the difficulty of large-scale application of solar energy. In order to make solar energy a sustainable and stable energy source and eventually become an alternative energy source that can compete with conventional energy sources, it is necessary to solve the problem of energy storage, that is, to store the solar radiation energy in sunny days as much as possible for use at night or in rainy days, but at present, energy storage is also one of the weak links in solar energy utilization.

3. Low efficiency and high cost: At present, the development level of solar energy utilization is feasible in theory and mature in technology. However, some solar energy utilization devices cannot compete with conventional energy sources economically because of their low efficiency and high cost. In the future, the further development of solar energy utilization is mainly restricted by economy.