Write a social investigation report on "My hometown-Guizhou".

My hometown-a brief introduction to Guizhou Province

2009-9- 16 23:2 1 29253

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physical geography

Guizhou Province, referred to as "Qian" or "Gui" for short, is located in the southeast of China, with the east longitude10336 ′-10935 ′ and the north latitude of 24 37 ′-2913 ′. It borders Hunan in the east, Guangxi in the south and Yunnan in the west. The province is about 595 kilometers long from east to west and 509 kilometers long from north to south, with a total area of 176 167 square kilometers, accounting for 1.8% of the national territory.

Guizhou is located in Yunnan-Guizhou Plateau with unique geographical environment. The territory is high in the west and low in the east. It slopes from the middle to the north, east and south, with an average elevation of about 1 100 meters. There are many mountains in Guizhou Plateau, which is known as "eight mountains, one water and one field". The landform of the whole province can be divided into three basic types: plateau mountains, hills and basins, of which mountains and hills account for 92.5%. The territory is mountainous, with overlapping peaks, stretching vertically and horizontally, high mountains and deep valleys. There is Dalou Mountain in the north, which is inclined from west to northeast in the north. The elevation of Loushan Pass, the key pass of Sichuan and Guizhou, is1444m. South-central Miao Ling spans, with the main peak Leigong Mountain 2178m above sea level. There is Wuling Mountain in the northeast, winding from Hunan to Guizhou, and the main peak, Fan Jingshan, is 2572 meters high. The towering Wumeng Mountain in the west belongs to Jiucaiping, Zhu Shi Township, Hezhang County, with an altitude of 2900.6 meters, which is the highest point in Guizhou. The elevation of Shuikou River in Diping Township, Liping County, Qiandongnan Prefecture is 147.8m, which is the lowest in China. The karst landform in Guizhou is very typical. Karst (exposed) area 109084 square kilometers, accounting for 6 1.9% of the total land area of the province. Karst has a wide distribution range, complete morphological types and obvious regional differentiation, which constitutes a special karst ecosystem.

The soil area of Guizhou is *** 159 100 square kilometers, accounting for 90.4% of the total land area of the province. The soil zonality belongs to the red soil-yellow soil zone of subtropical evergreen broad-leaved forest. The central and eastern part is a humid evergreen broad-leaved forest belt, mainly yellow soil; The southwest is a dry evergreen broad-leaved forest belt, mainly red soil; The northwest is an evergreen broad-leaved forest belt with north subtropical components, mostly yellow brown soil. In addition, there are calcareous soil, purple soil, coarse bone soil, paddy soil, brown soil, fluvo-aquic soil, peat soil, swamp soil, carboniferous soil, stony soil, mountain meadow soil, red clay and newly accumulated soil. For agricultural production, the amount of soil resources in Guizhou is obviously insufficient, and the soil that can be used for agriculture, forestry and animal husbandry only accounts for 83.7% of the total area of the province.

Guizhou has a warm and humid climate, which belongs to subtropical humid monsoon climate zone. The temperature doesn't change much, it is warm in winter and cool in summer, and the climate is pleasant. The average annual temperature in most parts of the province is about 65438 05℃. From the perspective of the whole province, the average temperature in Leng Yue (65438+ 10) is usually 3℃-6℃, which is higher than other areas in the same latitude. The average temperature in the hottest month (July) is generally 22℃-25℃, which is a typical cool area in summer. There is more precipitation, obvious rainy season, more cloudy days and less sunshine, and the precipitation affected by monsoon is mostly concentrated in summer. The number of cloudy days in all parts of China generally exceeds 150 days, and the relative humidity is above 70% all the year round. Affected by atmospheric circulation and topography, Guizhou has a diverse climate, "one mountain is divided into four seasons and ten miles are different"; In addition, the climate is unstable, there are many kinds of disastrous weather, and drought, autumn wind, freezing and hail occur frequently, which has a certain impact on agricultural production.

Rich and diverse vegetation The vegetation in Guizhou has obvious subtropical nature, with various components and complex floristic components. There are 6255 species (varieties) of vascular plants belonging to 269 families 1655 genera (excluding bryophytes) in the province. The flora is dominated by tropical and subtropical geographical elements, such as pantropical distribution, tropical Asia distribution, old world tropical distribution, etc., and temperate geographical elements also exist to varying degrees. In addition, there are many unique ingredients in China. Due to its special geographical location, there are various vegetation types in Guizhou, including subtropical zonal evergreen broad-leaved forest in China, monsoon forest in subtropical valley and monsoon forest in mountainous area. There are both cold temperate subalpine coniferous forests and warm coniferous forests in the same place; There are both large-scale secondary deciduous broad-leaved forests and precious deciduous forests with extremely limited distribution. The spatial distribution of vegetation shows obvious transition, which makes the geographical distribution of various vegetation types overlap and complicated, and the combination of various vegetation types becomes complicated and diverse.

There are a lot of rivers. Rivers in Guizhou are located in the crisscross zone between the upper reaches of the Yangtze River and the Pearl River, and 69 counties belong to the Yangtze River Shelterbelt Reserve, which is an important ecological barrier between the upper reaches of the Yangtze River and the Pearl River. The water system of the whole province is divided into three parts: the west and the middle to the north, the east and the south. Miaoling is the watershed between the Yangtze River and the Pearl River, and the north belongs to the Yangtze River basin, with a basin area of 1 15747 square kilometers, accounting for 65.7% of the province's land area. The main rivers are Wujiang River, Chishui River, Qingshui River, Hongzhou River, GFDA 1Q, Yi Yin and Yi Song. South of Miaoling belongs to the Pearl River Basin, with a basin area of 60,420 square kilometers, accounting for 34.3% of the province's land area. The main rivers are Nanpanjiang, Beipanjiang, Hongshui River, Duliujiang River and Dagou River. There are many rivers in Guizhou, including 984 rivers with a length of 10 km. The mountainous features of rivers in Guizhou are obvious. Rivers are mostly upstream, with wide valleys, gentle water flow and small water volume. The middle reaches of the valley are staggered into bundles, and the water is fast; The downstream valley is deep and narrow, with a large amount of water and abundant hydraulic resources.

Due to the specific geographical location and complex topography, Guizhou's climate and ecological conditions are complex and diverse, with obvious three-dimensional agricultural characteristics and strong regional agricultural production, which is suitable for the overall comprehensive development of agriculture and the development of characteristic agriculture.

natural resource

Guizhou is one of the provinces (autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the Central Government) rich in natural resources in China, and its resource advantages are extremely prominent. In particular, energy, minerals, biology and tourism resources are the most unique.

Rich in energy resources. Water, electricity and coal are all energy sources, and their advantages coexist. The reserve of hydropower resources is18.745 million kilowatts, ranking sixth in the country, of which the exploitable amount is16.83 million kilowatts, accounting for 4.4% of the country, especially there are many rivers with concentrated water level difference, and the development conditions are superior. Guizhou is known as the "Southwest Coal Sea", with a coal resource reserve of 49.728 billion tons, ranking fifth in the country, exceeding the total coal resource reserves of South China 12 provinces (autonomous regions and municipalities). Coal is not only large in reserves, but also complete in variety and excellent in quality, which lays a solid foundation for the development of thermal power and the implementation of "power transmission from west to east" and provides resource conditions for the implementation of coal chemical industry and "coal-to-oil" project. With the promotion of "power transmission from west to east", electric power construction has developed rapidly. By the end of 2005, the installed capacity of Guizhou power grid had reached13.24 million kilowatts, and the power generation reached 78.678 billion kwh.

Rich in mineral resources. China has a wide variety of mineral resources, complete categories, abundant reserves, wide distribution and good metallogenic geological conditions. It is a famous province with large mineral resources. By the end of 2005, 23 kinds of minerals 123 have been discovered in the whole province, including 76 kinds of proven reserves, and many kinds of reserves are in the forefront of the country, including mercury, barite, fertilizer sandstone, metallurgical sandstone, decorative diabase, brick sandstone and so on. Ranked first; The second place is phosphate rock, bauxite and rare earth. In the third place are magnesium, manganese and gallium. In addition, coal, antimony, gold and pyrite also have certain advantages and occupy an important position in China. Guizhou bauxite is one of the three major bauxite producing areas in China, with a huge amount of bauxite resources, accounting for 17% of the whole country. The reserves of phosphate ore are 2.68 billion tons, accounting for more than 40% of the national total; Barite is the best in China, and its reserves are one third of that of the whole country. The reserves of gold resources are 233,300 kilograms, ranking 10th in China, and it is another emerging gold resource base in China.

There are many kinds of creatures. There are more than 1000 species of wild animal resources in the province, among which Guizhou golden monkey, langur, South China tiger, clouded leopard, leopard, white zygomatic, Hei He, black-necked crane, Chinese merganser, golden eagle, white-tailed sea eagle, white-headed crane, python and other 14 species are listed as national first-class protected animals, accounting for similar animals in the country. There are 69 species of national second-class protected animals, mainly pangolin, black bear, otter, civet, forest musk deer, golden pheasant with red belly, white crowned pheasant, golden pheasant with red belly and so on. , accounting for 25.7% of the total number of similar animals in China. There are six kinds of plant resources: forest, grassland, crop varieties, medicinal plants, wild economic plants and rare plants. The forest coverage rate of the whole province reached 34.9%, the per capita forest area was 0. 16 hectares, and the total stock volume reached 2110 million cubic meters. There are 70 species of rare plants listed in the national list of rare and endangered protected plants, and 4 species, such as Taxodium ascendens, Davidia involucrata, Taiwania flousiana and Alsophila spinulosa, are national first-class protected plants, accounting for 50% of the total number of similar plants in China. There are 27 species of second-class protected plants, accounting for18.9% of the total number of similar plants in China; There are 39 species of third-class protected plants, accounting for 19.2% of the total number of similar plants in China. There are more than 3,800 kinds of wild plant resources in the province, including more than 3,700 kinds of medicinal plant resources, accounting for 80% of the varieties of Chinese herbal medicines. "There is no idle grass in the wild, and there are many medicines in Guizhou", which is one of the four major Chinese herbal medicine producing areas in China. The rare plants with good quality that have certain influence at home and abroad include Panax japonicus, Cephalotaxus fortunei, Pteridophyte, Cordyceps sinensis and chicken GFDA3! Blumea balsamifera (natural borneol) and other 6 kinds. In addition, Gastrodia elata, Dendrobium, Eucommia ulmoides, Magnolia Officinalis, Evodia rutaecarpa, Cortex Phellodendri, Radix Codonopsis, Polygonum Multiflori Radix, Herba Hedyotidis Diffusae, Radix Asparagi, Flos Lonicerae, Radix Platycodi, Galla Chinensis, Rhizoma Pinelliae, Wan Lei, Radix Adenophorae, Popsicle, Polygonatum, Ganoderma lucidum and Folium Artemisiae Argyi all have the reputation of authentic medicinal materials. Among the wild economic plant resources, there are about 600 kinds of industrial plants, mainly fiber, tanning materials, aromatic oil and grease plant resources; There are about 500 kinds of edible plants, mainly vitamins, protein, starch and oil plants. About 200 kinds of garden plants can be used for greening and beautifying the environment, which has ornamental value; There are more than 40 kinds of environmental protection plants with anti-pollution ability. Guizhou is rich in crop resources, with nearly 600 varieties of grain crops, oil crops, fiber crops and other cash crops planted. Rice, corn, wheat and potato are the main food crops, while flue-cured tobacco and rape are the main cash crops. Economic trees mainly include tung tree, camellia oleifera, tallow, sumac, walnut and so on. Dafang Raw Lacquer and Liu Ma Tung Oil are famous specialties in Guizhou. There are more than 30 major livestock breeds and more than 2,500 excellent forage resources in the province, which have good conditions for the development of animal husbandry.

Charming natural "park". The natural scenery in the territory is magical and beautiful, the landscape is diverse, the cave landscape is colorful, the wild animals are splendid, and the cultural revolution remains are famous far and near. Mountains, water, caves, forests and stones complement each other and are integrated. World-famous national scenic spots such as Huangguoshu Waterfall, Dragon Palace, Zhijin Cave and Maling River Canyon, and national nature reserves such as Tongren Fan Jing, Maolan Karst Forest, Chishui Alsophila spinulosa and Weining Caohai are like a string of bright gems, colorful and dazzling. The world-famous Red Army Long March culture, represented by the Zunyi Conference site and the Red Army Sidu Chishui site, makes people stop to mourn and remember. The long and splendid history and culture of many nationalities, rich and mysterious ethnic customs, and pleasant climate without severe cold in winter and hot summer make Guizhou an ideal tourist summer resort.

Population and nationality

The population growth rate in Guizhou continues to slow down. In 2005, the birth rate was 14.59‰, the death rate was 7.2 1‰, and the natural population growth rate was 7.38‰. Compared with the previous year, the birth rate decreased by 0.49 per thousand points, and the natural population growth rate decreased by 1.35 per thousand points. Since 2000, the natural population growth rate in Guizhou has been declining for six consecutive years. At the end of the year, the total resident population (living for one year or more) reached 3.931.1.20 million, an increase of 274,200 over the end of last year. Among them, the female population is190,699,900, the male population is 2024 13000, and the sex ratio is106.14:100. Guizhou is a multi-ethnic province, and the population of ethnic minorities accounts for 37.8% of the total population of the province.

Population and composition in 2005

Unit: ten thousand people

Percentage of year-end indicators (%)

The total resident population of the province is 3931.12100.0.

In which: town 1056.29 26.9

Rural 2874.83 73. 1

In which: male 2024. 13 5 1.5.

Female 1906.99 48.5

List of Administrative Divisions in Guizhou Province (2005)

Names of counties, cities, special zones, districts and ZF stations under the jurisdiction of cities, prefectures and states.

Guiyang city

(Administering 6 districts and 3 counties, hosting county-level qingzhen city, and the Municipal People's Government is located atNo. 1 Lincheng East Road, Wudang District)

Nanming District (District People's ZF in Jiandao Street) Yunyan District (District People's ZF in Guiwu Road) xiaohe district (District People's ZF in huanghe road) Huaxi District (District People's ZF in Zhu Gui Sub-district Office Gui Lu Road) Wudang District (District People's ZF in Xintian Sub-district Office Aerospace Road) Baiyun District (District People's ZF in Yanshanhong Town) xiuwen county (County People's ZF in Longchang Town) Xifeng County (County)

liupanshui city

(It governs two counties, namely 1 District and 1 Special Zone, and Zhongshan Avenue, Zhongshan District, where the Municipal People's Government is located)

Zhongshan District (District People's ZF in Fenghuang Sub-district Office Biyun Road) Liuzhi Special Zone (District People's ZF in Pingzhai Town) Panxian County (County People's ZF in Guo Hong Town) Shuicheng County (County People's ZF in Lanba Town)

Zunyi city

(Administering 2 districts, 8 counties and 2 autonomous counties, hosting county-level Chishui City and renhuai city, and the Municipal People's ZF is located in Renmin Road, Huichuan District)

Honghuagang District (People's ZF of Haier Avenue District) Huichuan District (People's ZF of Huichuan Avenue District) Chishui City (County-level city under provincial jurisdiction, entrusted by Zunyi City, entrusted by People's ZF of People's Blocks) renhuai city (County-level city under provincial jurisdiction, entrusted by Zunyi City to be stationed in Chengnan Community of Central Sub-district Office) Zheng 'an County (County People's ZF is stationed in Fengyi Town) Tongzi County (County People's ZF is stationed in Loushanguan Town) Zunyi County (Zunyi County)

Anshun city

(under the jurisdiction of 1 2 counties and 3 autonomous counties in the district, Zhonghua Road, Dongguan Sub-district Office of the Municipal People's Government in Xixiu District)

Xixiu District (Huangguoshu Street, District People's Government in Dongguan Sub-district Office) Puding County (County People's Government in Chengguan Town) Pingba County (County People's Government in Chengguan Town) Guanling Buyi and Miao Autonomous County (County People's Government in Guansuo Town) Zhenning Buyi and Miao Autonomous County (County People's Government in Chengguan Town) Ziyun Miao and Buyi Autonomous County (County People's Government in Songshan Town)

Qiannan Buyi and Miao Autonomous Prefecture (under the jurisdiction of 2 counties and 9 counties 1 Autonomous County and duyun city Wenfeng Sub-district Office, around East Middle Road).

Duyun city (Municipal People's Government in Wen Ming Road) Fuquan City (Municipal People's Government in Jinshan Sub-district Office Shifu Road) Weng 'an County (County People's Government in Yongyang Town) Guiding County (County People's Government in Chengguan Town) Huishui County (County People's Government in heping town) Changshun County (County People's Government in Changzhai Town) dushan county (County People's Government in Chengguan Town) Libo County (County People's Government in Yuping Town)

Southwest Guizhou Buyi and Miao Autonomous Prefecture (under the jurisdiction of 1 county-level cities and 7 counties, Shajing Road, Xiangyang Sub-district Office of Xingyi City)

Xingyi City (Shifu Road People's ZF in Huangcaoba Sub-district Office) Pu 'an County (County People's ZF in Panshui Town) Qinglong County (County People's ZF in Liancheng Town) Zhenfeng County (County People's ZF in Gumin Town) Ceheng County (County People's ZF in Zhelou Town) Wangmo County (County People's ZF in fuxing town) Anlong County (County People's ZF in Xin 'an Town) Xingren County (County People's ZF)

Qiandongnan Miao and Dong Autonomous Prefecture (under the jurisdiction of 1 city and 15 counties, the state people's government is located in Kaili City)

Kaili City (Zunyi West Road People's ZF) Leishan County (Danjiang Town People's ZF) Liping County (Defeng Town People's ZF) Shibin County (Chengguan Town People's ZF) Majiang County (Xingshan Town People's ZF) Jinping County (sanjiang town People's ZF) Taijiang County (Taigong Town People's ZF) Jianhe County (Gedong Town People's ZF) congjiang county (C

Tongren area

(4 counties and 4 autonomous counties under the jurisdiction of 1 city and 1 special zone, and the administrative office is located in tongren city).

Tongren city (Huanxi Road People's ZF) Wanshan Special Zone (Wanshan Town People's ZF) Dejiang County (Qinglong Town People's ZF) Sinan County (Sisitang Town People's ZF) jiangkou county (Shuangjiang People's ZF) Shiqian County (Tangshan Town People's ZF) Jiang Yan Tujia Autonomous County (heping town People's ZF) Yinjiang Tujia and Miao Autonomous County (Eling Town People's ZF).

Bijie area

(Administering 1 city, 6 counties, 1 autonomous county, Bijie Municipal Administrative Office)

Bijie City (Jiefang Road People's ZF) Dafang County (Dafang Town People's ZF) qianxi county (Chengguan Town People's ZF) Jinsha County (Chengguan Town People's ZF) Nayong County (Yongxi Town People's ZF) zhijin county (Chengguan Town People's ZF) Hezhang County (Chengguan Town People's ZF).

Weining Yi, Hui and Miao Autonomous County (County People's Government in Caohai Town)

Environmental quality status

In 2005, the total discharge of major pollutants in the province was effectively controlled, and the discharge of chemical oxygen demand, ammonia nitrogen, soot, industrial dust and industrial solid waste were all controlled within the planned indicators issued by the state. The water quality of the eight major river systems in the two major river basins in the province is generally good. Among them, 63.5% of the monitoring sections are better than or meet the water quality category standards of their functional areas, which is higher than that of the previous year. The water quality of 12 outlet section is good, which is better than or reaches the specified water quality category standard. The water quality of centralized drinking water sources in 9 central cities monitored all reached the national standard. Urban air quality tends to improve in general, and the proportion of cities that meet the national second-class standards reaches 58.3%, which is a great improvement over the previous year. In some areas, the intensity of acid rain pollution is decreasing, and the frequency of acid rain is decreasing. Noise pollution control has achieved results, and the quality of regional acoustic environment has basically remained good. The radiation environment quality is stable and still within the fluctuation range of natural background value.

Rapid economic development and population growth have brought great pressure to environmental protection, and the environmental situation is still grim. In 2005, the sulfur dioxide emissions of the whole province exceeded 6.4% of the Tenth Five-Year Plan, of which the acid rain control area exceeded 265,438 0.3%, and the task of reducing the total sulfur dioxide emissions was very arduous. The sections whose surface water quality is worse than the water quality standard of the functional area account for 37.5% of the total monitoring sections, among which the sections whose water quality is worse than Class V reach 3 1. 1%. The water quality of lakes (reservoirs) is not optimistic, and the monitoring vertical lines inferior to the specified water quality category standards account for 88% of the total monitoring vertical lines. The overall pattern of acid rain pollution areas has not changed. Acid rain occurred in 88.9% cities in the acid control area, and acid rain pollution in some cities is still serious.

The water environment of eight major river systems in two major river basins in the province is monitored by * * * in 74 sections of 33 rivers. The monitoring results show that there are 47 sections whose water quality is better than or up to the functional area category standard, accounting for 63.5% of the total number of monitored sections, of which 33 sections are better than the specified category standard, accounting for 44.6% of the total number of monitored sections, both higher than last year. Of these 74 sections, 39 sections reached Grade I and II water quality, 8 sections reached Grade III water quality, 4 sections reached Grade IV water quality, and 23 sections were worse than Grade V water quality, an increase of 7 over the previous year.

There are 8 lakes (reservoirs) included in water quality monitoring in the province, namely Hongfeng Lake, Baihua Lake, Aha Reservoir, Wujiang Reservoir, Suoshai Reservoir, Hongshan Reservoir, Feng Wan Lake and Caohai, a natural lake. Among the 25 monitoring vertical lines in these 8 lakes (reservoirs), 3 vertical lines meet the specified water quality classification standards, accounting for12% of the total number of monitoring vertical lines; There are 22 vertical lines that are worse than the specified water quality category standards, accounting for 88% of the total number of vertical lines monitored. The main pollution indexes of lakes (reservoirs) are total phosphorus, dissolved oxygen and ammonia nitrogen.

The province carried out monthly water quality monitoring in 2 1 centralized drinking water source areas in 9 central cities. These centralized drinking water sources are Aha Reservoir, Nanming River, Nanmen River and Hongfeng Lake in Guiyang City, Nanjiao Reservoir and Beijiao Reservoir in Zunyi City, underground water sources of Yaoshang Reservoir, Water Plant and Yushe Reservoir in Liupanshui City, Suoshai Reservoir and Shuidushen Water Plant in Anshun City, Pushezhai Water Plant, Jin Quan Lake Water Plant and Longjing Water Plant in Kaili City, Jiulong Lake Reservoir and Railway Underground Water Source in duyun city City and tongren city City. Among them, Yushe Reservoir in Liupanshui City is a new drinking water source. From June 5438+/KLOC-0 to February, 2005, the monthly water quality report of centralized drinking water sources in central cities of Guizhou Province showed that the water quality of centralized drinking water sources in nine central cities in the province was good every month, and all of them met the standards.

According to the monitoring results of Guiyang, Zunyi, Anshun, Liupanshui and Kaili, in 2005, the groundwater level in each city was obviously affected by precipitation and mining. The high water level mostly appeared in May-September and the low water level mostly appeared in1-May. In these five cities, although the precipitation in Guiyang has increased, the groundwater level has decreased due to the increase in mining; Although the precipitation in Zunyi City has decreased, the groundwater level has increased due to the decrease in mining. Although the exploitation of Anshun and Liupanshui has increased, the groundwater level is rising mainly due to the increase of precipitation. The falling funnel formed in Guiyang and Zunyi mining areas still exists. In 2005, the groundwater exploitation in the above five cities was 149 1752700 cubic meters per year, an increase of 5 1828700 cubic meters over the previous year, and the utilization rate of groundwater resources in each city was between 30%-5 1%. The monitoring and control area of groundwater quality in five cities is 1986. 18 square kilometers, which is the same as last year, and the excellent-good grade is 1822.62 square kilometers, which is 55.9 1 square kilometers lower than last year. Poor grade-poor grade 163.56 square kilometers, an increase of 55.9438+0 square kilometers over the previous year. In the item 2 1 of groundwater quality test, the items exceeding the standard mainly include total hardness, chemical oxygen demand, solids and ammonia nitrogen. In addition, the total number of bacteria and coliforms in urban groundwater generally exceeded the standard. Compared with the previous year, the distribution area of excellent-good water quality in Guiyang, Zunyi, Anshun and Kaili decreased, while the distribution area of poor-very poor water quality increased. The distribution area of excellent-good water quality in Liupanshui City has increased, while the distribution area of poor-very poor water quality has decreased.

The total amount of wastewater discharged in the province reached 557 million tons, basically the same as that of the previous year. Among them, the discharge of industrial wastewater was 65.438+0.49 billion tons, a decrease of 7.9% over the previous year; The domestic sewage discharge was 408 million tons, an increase of 3.2% over the previous year. The total discharge of chemical oxygen demand of wastewater was 225,600 tons, a slight increase over the previous year. Among them, the discharge of chemical oxygen demand of industrial wastewater was 22,400 tons, a decrease of 2.9% over the previous year; The discharge of chemical oxygen demand of domestic sewage is 20,365,438 million tons, an increase of 65,438 0.5% over the previous year. The total discharge of ammonia nitrogen in wastewater was 6.5438 0.75 million tons, a decrease of 654.38 0.8% over the previous year. Among them, the discharge of ammonia nitrogen from industrial wastewater was 0.10.8 million tons, a decrease of 23.5% over the previous year; The discharge of ammonia nitrogen in domestic sewage is 1.57 million tons, an increase of 1.5% over the previous year. In 2005, the province completed 75 industrial wastewater treatment projects/kloc-0, with an investment of RMB 22/kloc-0, 000, with an additional wastewater treatment capacity of 349,000 tons/day. The compliance rate of industrial wastewater discharge in the province was 67.7%, 9.5 percentage points higher than the previous year. By the end of the year, six urban sewage treatment plants had been built and used in the province, with a domestic sewage treatment capacity of 265,000 cubic meters per day, and the annual domestic sewage treatment rate reached 2 1.07%, an increase of 10.8 percentage points over the previous year.

Atmospheric Environment In 2005, the overall air quality of cities in the province improved compared with the previous year, the proportion of cities whose air quality reached the national second-class standard increased greatly, and the concentrations of main pollutants such as sulfur dioxide, nitrogen dioxide and total suspended particulate matter continued to decline. According to the analysis of monitoring data of urban air quality in the whole province 12, Liupanshui, Anshun, Tongren, Bijie, Qingzhen, Chishui and Renhuai have reached the second-class national air quality standard; The air quality in Guiyang and Xingyi has reached the national third-class standard; The air quality in Zunyi, Kaili and Duyun is worse than the national third-class standard.

Sulfur dioxide is still the primary pollutant affecting the air quality of urban environment. 12 in cities, the average annual concentration of sulfur dioxide in Guiyang and Xingyi exceeds the national secondary air quality standard limit, while Zunyi, Kaili and Duyun exceed the national tertiary air quality standard limit. The average annual concentration of sulfur dioxide in the province is 0.060 mg/m3, which is 7.7% lower than the previous year. The annual average precipitation pH value of the whole province 12 cities ranges from 4.32 to 6.74, with the lowest value in Duyun and the highest value in Liupanshui. Except Liupanshui and Chishui, all the other cities in 10 have experienced acid rain to varying degrees, accounting for 83.3% of the statistical cities, among which Zunyi has the highest frequency of acid rain, reaching 87.7%. The average annual concentration of nitrogen dioxide in all cities has reached the national first-class air quality standard. The average annual concentration of nitrogen dioxide in the whole province is 0.0 1.9 mg/m3. The average annual concentration of total suspended particulate matter in all cities has reached the second-class national air quality standard. The average annual concentration of total suspended particles in the whole province is 0. 129 mg/m3, which is 1 1.6% lower than the previous year.

In 2005, the total emission of sulfur dioxide in the province was 6.5438+0.358 million tons, an increase of 3.3% over the previous year. Among them, the emission of sulfur dioxide in industrial waste gas was 659,400 tons, an increase of 9.9% over the previous year; The emission of sulfur dioxide in domestic and other waste gases was 698,600 tons, a decrease of 2.3% over the previous year. The total smoke and dust emission was 363,800 tons, up by 13.2% over the previous year, of which the smoke and dust emission from industrial waste gas was 205 1 10,000 tons, up by11%over the previous year; The emission of smoke and dust in domestic and other waste gases was 6.5438+058700 tons, an increase of 654.38+06.2% over the previous year. Industrial dust emissions1910.2 million tons, a decrease of 23.3% over the previous year. The removal rate of sulfur dioxide in industrial waste gas in the province is 265,438 0.26%, the removal rate of smoke dust is 95.99%, and the removal rate of industrial dust is 86.09%, which is basically the same as last year. In that year, 42 industrial waste gas treatment projects were completed/kloc-0, with an investment of 287 million yuan, and the waste gas treatment capacity was increased10.9338 million standard cubic meters per hour. By the end of the year, 54 smoke control areas have been built in the province, covering an area of 344.6 square kilometers. The penetration rate of urban gas in the province reached 54.59%.

Acoustic environment In 2005, road traffic noise was monitored in 12 cities in the whole province, and the average equivalent sound level ranged from 66.2 to 74.4 dB (a), with the lowest value appearing in Qingzhen and the highest value appearing in Xingyi. According to the analysis of road traffic noise monitoring data, Xingyi is heavily polluted, Liupanshui and Anshun are slightly polluted, Guiyang and Tongren have better acoustic environment quality, and Zunyi, Bijie, Kaili, Duyun, Renhuai, Qingzhen and Chishui have better acoustic environment quality.

Monitoring of urban regional environmental noise was carried out in 12 cities in the whole province, and the average equivalent sound level ranged from 52.4 to 60.0 dB (a), with the lowest value appearing in Bijie City and the highest value appearing in Anshun City. According to the analysis of the monitoring data of urban regional environmental noise, Guiyang, Liupanshui, Zunyi, Anshun, Xingyi, Duyun, Chishui and Qingzhen are slightly polluted, while Tongren, Bijie, Kaili and Renhuai have better acoustic environmental quality.