How to prevent lightning strike?

First, how to prevent lightning strikes

1. Feeling skin tingling or hair standing on end during thunder and lightning is a harbinger of lightning and should be avoided immediately. If you can't avoid it, get close to the ground immediately. People who are struck by lightning may be burned or severely shocked, but they will not be prosecuted and can receive treatment safely.

If you are in tall objects such as trees and buildings, you should leave immediately. If it is too late to leave tall objects, find some dry insulation on the ground, sit on it, take a squat lightning protection posture, and pay attention to your feet together. Put your hands together. Never put them on the ground. Never lie down. At this time, although the height is reduced, the danger of "step voltage" is increased. Water can conduct electricity, so wet objects are not insulated.

3. Don't avoid the thunderstorm at the mouth of the cave, under a big stone or under a cliff, because these places will become spark gaps, and the arc generated when the current passes will hurt people. But the deep hole is safe, so you should try to go inside. Try to hide in the depths of the cave. Keep your feet together and don't touch the cave wall. At the same time, you should also take off your metal objects, such as watches, rings, earrings, necklaces and other items, leave your body and put them aside.

4. Stay away from iron bars and other metal objects. What is fatal is not direct electric shock. After lightning hits the conductor, it instantly releases electric energy, and the arc emitted to both sides reaches several meters. In addition, hot lightning makes the surrounding air expand rapidly, producing shock waves. The sound made by these shock waves is thunder. If you hear it nearby, powerful sound waves may impact the lungs, which can cause death in severe cases.

If you are in an open place during a thunderstorm, you should immediately squat down on the ground, which can reduce the risk of being struck by lightning. Don't support the ground with your hands, which will expand the contact range between your body and the ground and increase the risk of being struck by lightning. Hold your knees with your hands, keep your chest close to your knees, and keep your head as low as possible, because your head is the most vulnerable to lightning.

6. Solitary trees and isolated grass sheds in open areas and hilltops should be avoided because they are vulnerable to lightning strikes. It is very dangerous to take shelter from the rain at this time, especially when standing on both sides and stretching, the probability of being struck by lightning is almost the same. At this time, as long as you don't stand on the edge of the forest, you'd better choose an open space in the forest, keep your feet together and keep a close distance from the surrounding trees.

7. In principle, during lightning, you should try to avoid tall objects without lightning protection equipment, such as towers, large cranes, haystacks, tents, etc. in open areas, and don't go to commanding heights such as mountain tops and ridges. Do not go near any part of lightning protection equipment. Railways, long metal railings and other huge metal objects should also be avoided.

8. If you swim in rivers, lakes or swimming pools, you should go ashore and leave in thunderstorm weather. Because the water surface is easily hit by lightning, and if it is injured by lightning in the water, it will increase the risk of drowning. In addition, try not to stay on ships without lightning protection equipment, especially wooden sailboats with high masts.

9. If you are driving, you should stay in the car. The car shell is made of metal. Because of the shielding effect, even if lightning hits the car, it will not hurt people. Therefore, the carriage is an ideal place to avoid lightning. However, it is best not to ride horses, bicycles, motorcycles or tractors during lightning.

2. The following rules should be observed outdoors to ensure safety.

1. Don't stay on the high-rise platform in thunderstorm weather, and don't enter isolated shacks, sentry boxes, etc. In the open air.

2. Stay away from the exposed water pipes, gas pipes and other metal objects and power equipment in the building.

3. It is not advisable to hide under the big tree during a thunderstorm. If necessary, you must keep a distance of 3 meters from your torso, squat down and put your legs together. These trees and rocks are safer when the height is below1/5 ~110.

4. If there are ants crawling on your head, neck and hands when thunder and lightning strike, and your hair stands on end, it means that lightning is coming. Get down on the ground quickly to reduce the risk of being struck by lightning, and take away the metal ornaments, hairpins and necklaces you wear. Take all the metal things with you and put them in your backpack, especially the glasses with metal frames. Do not approach any part of lightning protection equipment; Try not to use radios and televisions with external antennas, and don't answer mobile phones.

If it is too late to leave a tall object in the outdoor thunderstorm, you should immediately find some dry insulation and sit on it with your feet crossed. Never put your feet on the ground outside insulation, because water can conduct electricity.

6. At the same time, put your hands on your knees, keep your chest close to your knees, and keep your head as low as possible, because your head is more vulnerable to lightning than other parts of your body.

7. When you hear thunder within a few seconds after seeing lightning outdoors, it means that you are in a dangerous environment near a thunderstorm. At this time, you should stop walking, put your feet together and squat down immediately. Don't pull together with others, keep a certain distance from each other, and avoid being directly infected by lightning. It is best to use plastic rain gear, raincoat, etc.

8. In thunderstorm weather, it is not advisable to open an umbrella or hold high badminton rackets, golf clubs and hoes in the wild. Not suitable for outdoor ball games. It is very dangerous to play golf and football in thunderstorm weather. It is not advisable to stay on the water surface or water edge; It is not advisable to wash clothes, fish, swim or play by the river.

9. In thunderstorm weather, it is not advisable to drive a motorcycle, ride a bicycle or run fast in the rain, because the greater the stride of the body, the greater the voltage, and the easier it is to hurt people.

10. If you see a high-voltage line that is broken by lightning outdoors, you should be vigilant at this time, because there is a step voltage near the breakpoint of the high-voltage line. People nearby must not run at this time, but should jump off the scene with their feet together.

3. Common sense of rescue

1. People who are unconscious due to lightning should be given mouth-to-mouth resuscitation. The sooner artificial respiration is given after lightning strike, the better the recovery of the injured person's body, because people who lack oxygen for more than ten minutes will be fatal. If you can save your heart with cardiopulmonary resuscitation within 4 minutes, there may still be time to save it.

2. Give heart massage to the injured, and promptly notify the hospital for first aid. If a group of people are struck by lightning, it doesn't matter who groans. First, save those who can't make a sound.

If the injured person's clothes catch fire, let him lie down immediately so that the flame won't burn his face. Otherwise, the injured person may die from lack of oxygen or burns. You can also splash water on the injured, or wrap the injured with thick coats and blankets to put out the flames. The injured should not run because of panic, which will make the fire burn more and more brightly. They can roll on the ground to put out the fire, or they can lie down in a depression or pool with water to put out the fire. Cool the wound with cold water and then cover it with a dressing, for example, wash one side with a folded handkerchief and cover it with a clean cloth.