How can rural farms prevent disasters caused by weather?

The wind is strong enough to endanger people's production activities and economic construction, which is called gale. The meteorological department of our country takes the average wind power reaching or exceeding 6 or the instantaneous wind power reaching or exceeding 8 as the standard for issuing gale forecast. The destructive effect of strong winds on agriculture is considerable, and relevant preventive measures should be taken in advance in areas where strong winds occur as usual.

In winter and spring in China, with the outbreak of cold air, large-scale strong winds often appear in northern provinces, mainly northerly winds. Large-scale strong winds in summer and autumn are mainly caused by typhoons, which often appear in coastal areas. In addition, thunderstorms and strong winds formed by local strong convection often occur in summer.

Tornadoes damage farmland crops

Hazards of Gale Gale is a kind of common disastrous weather, which has great influence on all aspects and serious harm to agricultural production, mainly in the following four aspects.

1. Mechanical damage: strong wind causes crops and trees to fall, break, uproot or cause flowers and fruits to fall, poor pollination, seeds to fall, etc.

2. Physiological hazards: dry gale can accelerate the transpiration and water loss of vegetation, leading to the withering of trees and crops.

3. Wind erosion and desertification: In windy arid and semi-arid areas all the year round, strong winds aggravate soil evaporation, blow away surface soil and form wind erosion. Under the strong wind erosion, it can cause soil desertification, sand dune migration and bury nearby farmland, water source and grassland.

Fruit drop caused by strong wind

4. Affect the production of agriculture and animal husbandry: In pastoral areas, strong winds will destroy animal husbandry facilities, cause traffic disruption, and the supply of agricultural energy is insufficient, which will affect the grazing or scattered release of livestock in pastoral areas and may cause a large number of livestock to freeze and starve to death.

Types of strong winds According to the causes of strong winds, the strong winds that affect our country can be divided into the following types. The gale disasters in different regions and different time periods are different, and relevant prevention can be carried out according to the local general induction.

Rice is affected by strong winds.

1, northerly wind behind the cold front, that is, cold wave and strong wind: the general wind force can reach 6-8, and the maximum wind force can reach 10. This gale will last for 2-3 days. Spring is the most, winter is the second, and summer is the least, covering almost the whole country.

2. Low-pressure gale, the wind force is generally 6~8: If the low pressure is stable and there is little movement, the gale often lasts for several days, with the most in spring. Common in the northeast and eastern Inner Mongolia, northern Hebei, the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River.

3. The southerly wind after high pressure mostly occurs in spring: it is common in Northeast China, North China and East China.

4. Thunderstorms and strong winds, with gusts of more than 8, are extremely destructive: they mostly occur in hot summer and are common in the north of the Yangtze River basin in China. Among them, Inner Mongolia, Henan, Hebei, Jiangsu and other places will appear every year.

Thunderstorm and snowfall weather

Resist the storm. Gale disasters often have a very serious impact on daily life, especially agricultural production. If you are unfortunate enough to encounter such a strong wind, a year's hard work will be in vain. Therefore, it is very important to take corresponding defensive measures to reduce the disasters caused by strong winds. There are five common defensive measures for reference.

1. Afforestation: build windbreak forest, sand prevention forest, sand fixation forest, coastal defense forest, etc. , expand the green coverage area to prevent wind erosion.

2. Construction of small-scale wind-proof works: fortification of wind barriers, construction of wind-proof walls, digging of wind pits, etc. , in order to weaken the wind and stop the sandstorm.

Windbreak wall

3. Vegetation protection: adjust the structure of agriculture, forestry and animal husbandry, rationally develop it, implement rotational grazing and grass planting in mountainous areas, and prohibit land reclamation, deforestation and grass vegetation destruction on steep slopes.

4. Build a complete farmland shelterbelt network: the farmland shelterbelt network can prevent wind and sand fixation, improve the ecological environment of farmland, and thus prevent the harm of strong winds to crops.

5. Various methods: adopt various agricultural technical measures to cultivate wind-resistant varieties, cultivate soil in time after sowing, cultivate soil in time for tall crops, plant crops or fruit trees with strong wind resistance on windward slopes, and press soil with pebbles.

Corn affected by windy weather

In addition to the above methods, we should also strengthen field management, rationally fertilize, enhance the tree potential of crops or fruit trees, and enhance their stress resistance; In aquaculture, it is a very good choice to choose a sheltered place to build a breeding shed and avoid strong winds reasonably.