What are the famous dishes that appeared or became popular during the Northern Song Dynasty? They are divided into historical allusions.

Su Shi (Su Dongpo) and Dongpo Meat

Related allusions

Su Dongpo (1036-1101) of the Song Dynasty was a native of Meishan, Sichuan Province. His compositions ranked among the best in the Tang and Song Dynasties. Among the Eight Great Masters, Xin Qiji and Xin Qiji are both outstanding in lyrics, and their calligraphy and painting are also unique.

Even in the art of cooking, he is also good at it.

Dongpo Pork is also called Dongpo Pork in Xuzhou. According to legend, Dongpo Pork was created by Su Dongpo when he was the magistrate of Xuzhou.

In April of the 10th year of Xining, Emperor Shenzong of the Song Dynasty (1077 AD), Su Shi learned about Xuzhou.

When Su Dongpo took office less than four months ago, the Yellow River burst. Su Shi, as a parent official in Xuzhou, regardless of personal safety, resolutely led the people in the city to fight against floods, and finally After defeating the flood, in order to thank this "parent official" who lived with the people day and night, through joys and sorrows, the people in the city slaughtered pigs and cattle, carried wine and led sheep, and beat gongs and drums to the Zhizhou Yamen and presented it to Dongpo. Sir, to express my feelings.

The "honest" Su Dongpo did not refuse, and accepted them all, and personally instructed the chef to cook the pigs, beef, and mutton with different knives and mature them, and then gave them back to those who participated in the flood fight. Therefore, later generations called it "Dongpo's gift of meat".

When he offended the emperor and was demoted to Huangzhou, he often cooked dishes in person to enjoy with his friends. Su Dongpo was best at braised pork.

He once wrote a poem to introduce his cooking experience: "Slow fire, less water, and when the fire is sufficient, it will be beautiful." However, the "Dongpo" dish that was named after him was Meat", it is said that this was an interesting thing that happened when he returned to Hangzhou for the second time to serve as a local magistrate.

Dongpo Rou At that time, most of the West Lake had been engulfed by cattail grass.

After he took office, he mobilized tens of thousands of migrant workers to clear the fields, dredge the lake port, pile up the excavated mud into a long embankment, and build bridges to smooth the lake water, so that the beauty of the West Lake could be restored and the lake could be restored. Storage of water for irrigation.

This long embankment has improved the environment, not only brought water benefits to the people, but also added to the scenery of the West Lake.

Later, "Spring Dawn on Su Di" was formed, which was listed as the first of the ten sceneries of West Lake.

At that time, the common people praised Su Dongpo for doing this good thing for the local area. They heard that he liked to eat braised pork. During the Spring Festival, they all sent him pork to express their appreciation.

Su Dongpo received so much pork and felt that it should be shared with the tens of thousands of migrant workers dredging the West Lake. So he asked his family to cut the meat into cubes and cook it using his cooking method. Together with the wine, it was distributed to each household according to the roster of migrant workers.

When cooking, his family misunderstood "send it with wine" as "cook it with wine". As a result, the cooked braised pork was even crispier and more delicious, and the eaters praised Su Dongpo's gift for it. The meat is cooked in a unique way and is delicious.

Everyone praised him, and anecdotes spread. Among the people who sought advice from Su Dongpo at that time, in addition to those who came to learn calligraphy and writing articles, there were also people who came to learn how to cook "Dongpo Pork".

On the Lunar New Year’s Eve, every household makes Dongpo Pork.

It has become a custom to express the memory of him.

Now it has become a famous traditional dish in Hangzhou.

Louwailou Restaurant imitated his method to cook this dish, served it to the world, and continuously improved it in practice, so it has been passed down to this day.

Legend of Dongpo Pork

According to legend, when Su Dongpo was demoted to Hangzhou, in his poor life, he imitated the previous methods and improved them, adding roasted pork and wine to make braised pork snacks. Made over slow fire.

This dish was originated in Huangzhou, and later spread to Hangzhou, the capital of the Southern Song Dynasty, where it became popular and became a famous dish in Hangzhou.

In the area of ??Yongxiu (Yongxiu County, Jiujiang City, Jiangxi Province) in northern Jiangxi, every banquet begins with two large bowls and vegetables, symbolizing harmonious coexistence.

What was then served were two large bowls of large pieces of pork tied with straw.

There are two bowls of pork like this on the sumptuous banquet, which looks very special. Pick up the scissors, cut the straw, and then taste it carefully. The meat color is refreshing and refreshing, and the mouth is crispy and glutinous.

The aroma of meat is also mixed with the fragrance of straw, which is refreshing and has an endless aftertaste.

This kind of meat is called "Dongpo meat".

Why is this dish called "Dongpo Pork"? There is such a legend.

Legend 1

Dongpo Meat There was a famous writer named Su Dongpo in the Song Dynasty. He traveled all over the world.

One summer at noon, he came to a place called Ai City in Yongxiu.

At this time, it is the summer of summer, and the weather is very hot.

There happened to be a towering camphor tree on the side of the road, which provided shade and shade from the sun. It was really a good place to enjoy the shade.

Su Dongpo sat on a stone bench under the tree, enjoying the cool air and reading.

While reading, there was a burst of crying.

He looked up and saw a farmer walking hurriedly towards this side with a child in his arms, followed by a crying woman.

Dongpo thought to himself: Most likely, the child is suffering from some sudden illness. Although I am not good at medicine, I have read a lot of medical books and pharmacy, and I know a little bit about common diseases.

So he stopped the farmer and said, "Let me take a look!" It turned out that the couple had a son in middle age and regarded it as more precious than life, so they named the child "Golden Cub" slang".

Jin Zaili suddenly fell ill today and fell into a coma. The couple were frightened to death and hurriedly took the child to find the doctor.

As the saying goes, "If you are sick, you must seek medical advice."

The farmer looked at Su Dongpo's dress and was so enthusiastic, so he immediately handed the child to him.

Dongpo When I took it, I saw that the child was clenching his teeth and his hands and feet were twitching, which was consistent with what the medical book said was heatstroke.

So he asked the farmer to lay the child flat on the ground, picked a handful of camphor leaves, rubbed them and put them away. Under the child's nose.

Then he rubbed it here and pinched it there according to the instructions in the medical book.

After a while, Jin Zai cried "Wow".

The couple were so happy that they picked up the golden cub, grabbed Su Dongpo and walked home.

Seeing the farmer's eagerness to express his gratitude, Su Dongpo had no choice but to follow him.

When I arrived at the farmer's house, I saw that although it was not rich, it was very clean.

In order to express his kindness, the farmer kept Su Dongpo and treated him warmly.

Three days passed in the morning. , the farmer happily bought two kilograms of pork from the market, and brought it back tied with a bunch of straw.

As he walked, he thought: I have to ask my husband for the meat after I bought it. Taste.

So I went to ask Su Dongpo.

At this time, the sun was just half smiling, the sky was full of morning glow, and dewdrops hung on the rice leaves in the fields, like bright pearls. Dongpo meat beads.

Su Dongpo was fascinated by this beautiful natural scenery. He was composing poems and writing lyrics while facing the east window. The farmer asked softly at the door: "Mr. , do you think how to eat this meat? "Dongpo was fascinated by the poem and recited loudly: "Grain - grass - pearl - pearl - fragrant to the heart. "The farmer was stunned for a moment. What does this mean, sir? He thought about it carefully: By the way, he asked me to cook the meat with straw, and cook it thoroughly. That way it will taste better, so he said: "Make it whole with straw. "Cook it thoroughly and it will taste delicious."

This gentleman is really different from us farmers. He speaks poetry and even eats meat.

Thinking of this, the farmer took the meat to the kitchen , according to what Su Dongpo said and what he thought, he asked his wife to put the whole piece of pork in the pot with straw and cook it until it was cooked thoroughly.

When it was time to eat, the dishes were served to the table. I saw a whole piece of meat, not chopped or cut, but still tied with straw. After thinking about it, I don’t know why.

I wanted to ask, but I was embarrassed to ask. Do you want to eat it? It’s a whole piece of meat, and the straw is still there. He was tied up and didn't know what to do.

The farmer was very surprised when he saw Su Dongpo looking at the meat.

He said to Su Dongpo, "I'll ask you in the morning. Didn't you say that?" Is the whole grass cooked thoroughly fragrant? I made it according to your wishes. Why doesn't Mr. eat it? "

Su Dongpo suddenly realized.

It turned out that the farmer had strung his words together, and he heard the intermittent verses as one sentence.

In this case, it is also I had no choice but to get off the donkey along the slope.

So I asked the farmer and his family to eat happily.

I didn’t expect that the pork was very fragrant and delicious. /p>

After dinner, the farmer and his wife went out.

Dongpo thought: The master has treated us so kindly and has been interrupting for several days.

I have to ask for it several times. The master refused to leave, so he had to leave today.

He made up his mind and took out five taels of silver from the bag, put it on the table, and left a note that read: "The master is kind and kind. However, Dongpo left without saying goodbye. "The farmer and his wife came back and were shocked when they saw the note. It turned out that the benefactor who saved their child was the famous Mr. Su Dongpo.

This story spread from ten to ten, and everyone learned to use straw to cook meat and eat it. , it is really crispy and delicious.

Folks call this meat "Dongpo meat"

Because of its delicious taste and unique cooking method, it has been passed down.

Legend 2

When Su Dongpo was the governor of Hangzhou, he managed the West Lake and did a good deed for the people.

At that time, most of the West Lake had been engulfed by grass. .

After he took office, he mobilized tens of thousands of migrant workers to clear the fields, dredge the lake port, pile up the excavated mud into a long embankment, and build a bridge to smooth the lake water, so that the beauty of the West Lake could be restored. It can store water to irrigate the fields.

After the West Lake was restored, the surrounding fields were no longer afraid of waterlogging or drought. The weather was good again this year, and crops in the four townships of Hangzhou had a bumper harvest.

< p> The people thanked Su Dongpo for the benefits of managing the West Lake. During the New Year, everyone carried pigs and wine to pay him New Year greetings.

Su Dongpo accepted a lot of pork and asked people to cut it into cubes and cook them red. , and then according to the roster of migrant workers who manage the West Lake, each family will receive a piece of meat, and the meat will be distributed to them for the New Year.

Everyone was very happy. Everyone praised Su Dongpo as a wise official and called the pork he sent "Dongpo Pork".

There is a big restaurant in Hangzhou. When the restaurant owner saw that people were praising "Dongpo Pork", he discussed with the chef and cut the pork into cubes and cooked it until it was red and crispy; he hung up the sign , also named "Dongpo Pork".

As soon as this new dish came out, the restaurant's business was booming. There were constant customers from morning to night. Killing ten big pigs every day was not enough to sell. Other restaurant owners were jealous. I also learned to cook it, and soon, every restaurant, big or small, had "Dongpo Pork".

Later, after being recognized by both parties, "Dongpo Pork" was designated as the first famous dish in Hangzhou.

Su Dongpo was an upright man and not afraid of power. The traitorous officials in the court hated him.

Seeing that he was loved by the people now, I felt even more uncomfortable.

One of them, a censor, disguised himself and went to Hangzhou to find trouble, deliberately trying to frame Su Dongpo.

On the first day when the censor arrived in Hangzhou, he had lunch in a restaurant.

The waiter handed him the menu and asked him to order.

When he received the menu and looked at it, the first item was "Dongpo Pork"! He frowned, thought about it, and was so happy that he slapped the table and shouted: "I want this dish!" After eating "Dongpo Pork", he thought it tasted really good. When he asked the waiter, he knew "Dongpo Pork" was the first famous dish recognized by his colleagues, so he collected the menus of all the restaurants in Hangzhou and returned to Beijing happily.

The censor returned to the capital and immediately went to see the emperor.

He said: "Your Majesty, Su Dongpo was serving as governor in Hangzhou. He was corrupt, perverted the law, and committed all kinds of evil! The people are eager to eat his flesh." The emperor said, "How do you know? Is there any evidence?"

The censor handed over the large stack of greasy menus.

As soon as the emperor saw the menu, he immediately issued an imperial edict to remove Su Dongpo from his post and send him to Hainan to serve as an army consignment.

After Su Dongpo was transferred to the army, the people of Hangzhou could not forget his benefits and still praised him as before.

In this way, "Dongpo Pork" has been passed down from generation to generation. Dongpo Pork was one of the 36 famous Hangzhou dishes recognized by Zhejiang Province in 1956. It is still a famous dish in Hangzhou to this day.

Legend Three

During the Northern Song Dynasty, Master Foyin of Guizong Temple in Lushan Mountain was a close friend of Su Dongpo and Huang Tingjian. They had frequent exchanges and sang many songs.

Su Dongpo often visited Lushan Mountain and stayed in the Buddha Seal for half a month.

One day, Su Dongpo was revising poems in his study, when a strange fragrance suddenly came to him.

Dongpo followed the scent and saw Foyin from a distance picking up the meat and was about to taste it. He suddenly grabbed him, which startled Foyin. When he turned around, he saw that it was Dongpo. , then he felt relieved and led Dongpo into the bedroom, where he drank and ate meat happily.

Dongpo thought the meat cooked by Foyin was particularly delicious and praised him very much. He often asked Foyin to roast meat.

Foyin simply passed on his method of roasting meat to Dongpo.

Later, Dongpo was able to make this method public, and the whole society followed suit, making Dongpo Pork a famous dish widely spread.

Legend 4

Su Dongpo made "Dongpo Pork" three times

It is said that Su Dongpo made "Dongpo Pork" in three places: Xuzhou, Huangzhou and Hangzhou. .

When he was the magistrate of Xuzhou, he led the people to fight floods and build embankments to protect the city. The people killed pigs and sheep one after another and went to the government to express condolences.

After eating, everyone felt that the meat was fat but not greasy, crispy and fragrant, and unanimously called it "reward meat".

On February 1, the third year of Yuanfeng (1080), Su Shi was banished to Huangzhou. Seeing that the price of pork in Huangzhou market was low, but people did not eat it much, he cooked the pork himself.

One time, he got excited about eating and composed an impromptu poem called "Pork Eating Poem". The poem said: "The good pork in Huangzhou is as cheap as dung.

The rich don't want to eat it, the poor don't know how to cook it.

Cook it slowly and add less water. When the heat is sufficient, it will be delicious.

Come and make a bowl every day. Don't take care of yourself." This poem spread from ten to ten, and people began to imitate it, jokingly calling this dish "Dongpo Pork".

When Su Dongpo was the second governor of Hangzhou, he organized migrant workers to dredge the West Lake, build embankments and bridges, so that the West Lake, which was mostly covered by grass, could regain its former beauty. The people of Hangzhou were very grateful to him, and they carried pigs during the Chinese New Year. Bring him wine to pay him New Year greetings.

After Su Dongpo received it, he instructed his family to cut the meat into cubes, cook it until it was red, crispy and mellow, and gave it to the migrant workers who participated in dredging the West Lake. Everyone was amazed after eating it, so "Dongpo Meat" Its reputation spread throughout the country.