A preliminary study on the thinking orientation of ships in the Yangtze River

Explore the mind map of the Yangtze River ship: as shown in the figure.

Extended knowledge

1. Why are there tornadoes on the Yangtze River?

At the time of the accident, a strong wind was blowing in the Dali section of Jianli, and the wind force reached 12, which instantly overturned the ship. According to the news just sent by Hubei Meteorological Bureau, there was a strong wind of 12 caused by a tornado when the ship sank.

In fact, Hubei is actually a tornado-prone area. According to our usual understanding, China is a country with relatively few tornadoes, especially inland Hubei, and sudden tornadoes are really unheard of. Tornado is one of the manifestations of severe convective weather, and its wind speed can generally exceed 12. Although Hubei Province is inland, it is hot and humid in summer and even in late spring and early autumn, which provides favorable conditions for the development of strong convective weather and the emergence of tornadoes.

Second, why didn't you predict this tornado?

Since the consequences of tornadoes are serious, why is there no preventive mechanism? This is a question of many people after this incident. But the problem is not that simple. Because the time from the occurrence to the dissipation of tornado is very short and the affected area is very small, the existing detection instruments are not sensitive enough to observe accurately. Although Doppler radar can play a certain monitoring effect, there are too few monitoring points in China.

Even if Doppler radar can achieve a certain monitoring effect, the density of monitoring stations in China is not large enough, and a monitoring blind zone will be formed around the radar, making it difficult to detect tornadoes. Li Xiaoquan, an expert from the Meteorological Service Center of China Meteorological Bureau, also said that there was no separate tornado warning in China due to the small number of tornadoes.

Third, why can a tornado easily overturn a big ship?

Even if there is a tornado of 12 magnitude, why can it easily overturn the ship? You never thought about tornadoes when you were building a ship?

Tornadoes on the Yangtze River, technically called "waterspouts", usually refer to non-supercell tornadoes on the water, which can blow down and destroy ships. For example, on June 22, 2004, employees of a chemical plant in Kaifeng 129 were unfortunately caught in stormy weather when they boarded the "Pearl Island 1 2", and the No.2 boat capsized and 69 people fell into the water.

4. Why were the captain and crew saved?

After the last shipwreck in South Korea, many people were sensitive to the information that the "captain and crew" were rescued first. Because at any moment, the captain and crew must leave the ship and stick to their posts.

But this accident is a little different. First of all, the ship has capsized, so there is no question of "who left the ship first". Everyone fell into the water. Secondly, in the process of rescue, the principle of choosing the rescue team is "whoever sees first saves first", and it is impossible to see the "captain" and not save.

But the statement that "the captain and his crew were still working in the middle of the night, so they didn't fall asleep and were rescued first" should not be taken seriously at all. There is no authoritative information to confirm this. Before the cause of the incident is investigated clearly, it is recommended not to define it easily.

5. Why are there many old people on board?

Sadly, there may be more elderly people among the victims of this shipwreck. Because most of the passengers on board are members of elderly tour groups, aged between 50 and 80. Why are there many elderly people in this tour group?

It's not a national holiday at present (the summer vacation didn't come and the teacher didn't have a holiday). Those who can spare a lot of time to travel must be mostly elderly people; The elderly generally choose "low-cost groups" for group travel, while the low-cost groups mainly travel by car and ship.

There are many elderly people, which will have a great impact on the optimism of rescue. People who can't swim account for a large proportion; On the river at night, the ability to carry ice is poor; There is little hope of being rescued.