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Robinson Crusoe author
Daniel defoe (1660 ~ 173 1), an English novelist, was the founder of realistic novels in the English Enlightenment period and was known as the "father of European novels". He was born in London, the capital of England, and his father ran the slaughter business (an oil candle merchant), so he turned to business. He travels widely. In his early years, he was engaged in underwear, tobacco and alcohol, woolen cloth, brick making and other industries, and went to Chinese mainland to do business.
Defoe lived in the period of capitalist development. He belongs to the bourgeoisie, and he is the spokesman of the upper-middle class bourgeoisie.
Defoe was very disgusted with nobles and gentlemen who were proud of their family background. He strongly praised the bourgeoisie who was not from the upper class and attacked the "gentlemen" who looked down on the "civilians". He said that the ancestors of mankind were workers. He emphasized that businessmen are useful people, gentlemen become businessmen, businessmen become gentlemen, and so on. For the praise of his class, he has a sentence in Roksana that is the most obvious:
Baron Robert and I agree on businessmen. Baron Robert said-I think he was absolutely right-that a genuine businessman is the best gentleman in this country, and he is superior to many nobles in knowledge, manners and judgment. Once they control the world, although they have no real estate, they are richer than gentlemen with real estate.
Extended data:
The main works of writer daniel defoe:
1, 17 19 Robinson Crusoe (three parts)
2. 1720 "Captain singleton" and "Biography of the Deaf"
3. 1722 Colonel Jack, Moore Flanders and the Diary of the Year of the Pandemic.
4. 1723 "Peter the Great"
5, 1724 Locke Cha Na, new travel notes around the world, and a trip to the whole British island.
6. 1726 Four Travels of Captain Roberts and Business Encyclopedia
7. 1728 "British business strategy" and "ways to make London the most prosperous city in the world"
References:
Baidu Encyclopedia-daniel defoe
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Introduction to Robinson Crusoe 100 words
Daniel defoe (1660~ 173 1 year) is an English writer. The founder of realistic novels in the English Enlightenment was called "the father of novels", "the father of English novels" and "the father of English newspapers" in Europe. His works are readable. Protestant William III. In his masterpiece Robinson Crusoe, the optimistic and brave Robinson overcame difficulties with wisdom and courage, showing the social atmosphere of pursuing adventure and advocating personal struggle at that time. 173 1 one day, London's "Courier" published a message: On Monday evening, the famous daniel defoe died in his apartment near Carnart Avenue. English people like to write their epitaphs in advance, which are humorous, witty and short. Defoe also wrote it. He wants to write "daniel defoe" on his tombstone. But people have other considerations. They wrote on his tombstone: "The author of Robinson Crusoe by daniel defoe". Extended data:
Personal achievement Defoe's greatest concern in his life is the development of capitalism. He spoke highly of the bourgeoisie. He believes that the core issue of a country's development is the development of trade. "Give us trade, you give us everything" and "Trade is the life of world prosperity", which is his most fundamental proposition. Because he thinks that trade has developed manufacturing and navigation, people have jobs, clothes and food, so materials can keep high prices and high rents, so the upper class also benefits. As long as industrious people develop trade, any place will prosper. All his economic works and part of his political works have given full play to this proposition and put forward many concrete suggestions. References:
Baidu Encyclopedia-daniel defoe
Browse 4006 20 19-08-30
Introduction to Robinson Crusoe 150 words
Daniel defoe (1660 ~ 173 1), a British novelist, was the founder of realistic novels during the English Enlightenment, and was known as "the father of English and European novels". Born in London. My father runs the slaughter industry and believes in Presbyterian church which is different from the state religion. Defoe's original surname was Fu, and he called himself Defoe after 1703. He has a secondary education, but he has no university education in classical literature. He has always maintained a position different from the Anglican belief, and is politically inclined to the Whigs. [1] After being a priest for many years, he realized that he was not suitable for religious life, so he chose to go into business in the sea. He traveled widely and had a successful career. During this period, he became a family and began to support his family. 1692, his business failed. Defoe, 32, is heavily in debt and has to support his wife and six children. Because of his strong interest in politics, he began to write political articles for newspapers to make a living. Because these articles often criticized the king and the ruling party, Defoe went to prison several times and stayed in prison for many years. Due to political articles
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A Brief Introduction to the Author of Robinson Crusoe
Defoe daniel defoe (1660 ~ 173 1), a British novelist, is known as "the father of English and European novels". Born in London. My father runs the slaughter industry and believes in Presbyterian church which is different from the state religion. Defoe's original surname was Fu, and he called himself Defoe after 1703. He has a secondary education, but he has no university education in classical literature. He has always maintained a position different from the Anglican belief, and is politically inclined to the Whigs. In his early years, he was engaged in underwear, tobacco and alcohol, woolen goods, brick making and other industries, and went to mainland countries to do business. 1685 participated in the rebellion against the Catholic king led by Monmouth Duke; From 65438 to 0688, William, a Dutch Protestant, led an army to land in England and succeeded to the British throne. Defoe joined his army. 1692, he went bankrupt in business and his debts reached 17000. Later, I failed many times and had to make a living in various ways. He worked as a government agent, designed various development careers and engaged in writing at the same time. 1698 published "On Development", advocating building roads, running banks, enacting bankruptcy laws, setting up insane asylum, running fire and water insurance, collecting income tax and running girls' schools. 170 1 year, he published the satirical poem "The Real Englishman", arguing that there are no pure Englishmen, opposing the aristocratic Catholic forces and defending the foreign Protestant William III. This poem has been printed in nine editions. 1702 published a political essay "Shortcuts to Eliminate Different Sects", which used irony to oppose the oppression of people of different sects by the state religion. The writing is unique, I didn't see it at first. Later, he was found out, fined, imprisoned for six months and flogged three times, but he was regarded as a hero by Londoners. While in prison, he wrote an ode to the cangue (1703) imitating the ode of the Greek poet Pindaros, satirizing the injustice of the law. 1704, he ran Review magazine for Whig leader Harry, mainly to win support for Harry's joint policy of England and Scotland. After that, he traveled between England and Scotland for 1 1 year, serving as the secret agent of Harry and his successor Tory Godolphin, collecting public opinions. During this period, he was imprisoned for a short time for writing articles. But he never stopped collecting information, running newspapers and writing articles for Whig politicians. Defoe started writing novels at the age of 59. The first novel Robinson Crusoe was published in 17 19, which was very popular. A sequel was published in the same year. 1720, Robinson's Meditations was written again. Since then, he has written four novels: Captain singleton (1720) and Moore.
69 Browse1465 2018-02-17
A Brief Introduction to the Author of Robinson Crusoe
Robinson is the protagonist in Defoe's novel Robinson Crusoe. He comes from the middle class, and his father often educates him with the philosophy of contentment, telling him to satisfy the status quo and not to go to sea. But the overseas world lured him like an irresistible attraction. He was ambitious and determined to give up his comfortable and mediocre life and set sail for the sea. He almost drowned in the sea once. The third time I went to sea, I was captured by pirates. After I escaped, I made a fortune in Brazil. But he still didn't give up. On the advice of others, he set sail again and ended up stranded on the island. Twenty-eight years of isolated island life can't stop him from continuing to take risks. This adventurous enterprising spirit shows that the emerging bourgeoisie at that time was not satisfied with the status quo and wanted to explore and occupy the world. The description of Robinson's experience on a desert island in the story is the essence of this book. The author describes Robinson as a person who is passionate about his work. He struggled with nature with tenacious labor and showed amazing perseverance. As soon as Robinson arrived at the desert island, after overcoming the initial pessimism and despair, he immediately threw himself into the struggle to conquer nature. He took almost everything that could be taken from the stranded sunken ship. With his own hands, wisdom and simple tools left on board, he overcame numerous difficulties and created conditions for his life. He also dug caves, built fences, domesticated goats, planted grains, made canoes, baked pottery, processed flour and baked bread. So his life is very rich. In the end, he actually owned his own plantation, pasture, two residences, a lot of furniture, and even established a lively family including dogs, cats, sheep and parrots. Everything he does takes a lot of labor and a long time, but he never gets discouraged when he fails. It took him nearly half a year to build a canoe that can only take 24 people, but it took 12 years to dig a river and put it into the sea, so he had to give up this boat and rebuild it in one year. This infinite courage and indomitable spirit to conquer nature make Robinson's image have great artistic charm. In this way, the author praised the enterprising spirit of the bourgeoisie in the period of primitive accumulation of capital, and emphasized personal intelligence and perseverance. Robinson is a laborer, a bourgeois and a colonist, so he has the nature of exploitation and plunder. The purpose of his several trips to sea was to sell slaves in Africa. He threatened the natives with muskets and bibles, and willingly made Friday his faithful servant. "Friday" is the name he gave to a local. Musketeers and bibles are dual weapons used by European colonists against colonial people. Robinson's tenacious struggle with nature is not only for survival, but also for possession of wealth and land. When no one else appeared on the island, Robinson proudly said, "Everything here is mine." If possible, he will pass it on to future generations. When Friday's father and Spaniard were born on the island, he was full of joy about "being like a king" and "my people completely obey me". Even after returning to England, he inspected his "territory" and subletted the land on the island to new residents. Robinson's duality fully embodies the limitations of the author's own era and class. Robinson Crusoe is an English novelist Daniel? Defoe's masterpiece is a literary masterpiece with wide spread and great influence. Showing a strong bourgeois enterprising spirit and enlightenment consciousness. The author writes a fictional scene with vivid details, which makes people feel as if they are there, making the story have a strong sense of reality. Robinson, the hero of the novel, has also become a famous literary image in the history of European literature. My father wants me to study law, but I am bent on sailing. One day, I went to Hull City. One of my companions is going to London on his father's boat. Nothing moves me more than this. I had to go with him-it was August of 165 1, when I was nineteen years old. As soon as the ship sailed out of Haikou, it was attacked by a terrible storm, which made me feel unspeakable sadness and horror. I swear with pain that if God spared my life on this voyage, I would return to my dear parents after landing, and I would follow their advice from now on. But the next day the wind stopped and the waves stopped. The sun sets in the west, followed by a beautiful and lovely night. At this time, I drank a bowl of sweet wine brewed by my companion and forgot my determination to go home after this voyage. This habit of mine has brought great misfortune to my life-willful actions often bring me disasters, but when disasters come, I always refuse to seize the opportunity to repent. After the danger, I forgot all my vows and threw myself into life without any tricks. After the first stormy voyage, I experienced several different adventures. When I was doing business in Guinea, Africa, I was caught by a Turkish pirate ship and sold as a slave. After many difficulties and dangers, I fled to Brazil, where I managed a sugar cane plantation alone and lived a very smooth life. But then I became a victim of temptation. Because Brazil is short of manpower, several plantation owners know that I have been to some slave market ports in Africa to do business, so they try their best to coax me to sail and buy some slaves for their plantations. If you listen to bad ideas, you will be in trouble. Our ship hit the rocks on an unnamed island on the north coast of South America, and all the sailors and passengers were drowned. God bless, only I was washed ashore by the high waves and saved my life. All I had at that time was a knife, a pipe and a little tobacco in a box. I walked along the coast when my strength recovered and I could walk. To my great joy, I found fresh water. After drinking water, I put a handful of tobacco in my mouth to relieve my hunger. I live in a tree and sleep comfortably in a boat. When the tide receded, I saw that it was close to the coast, and I found it convenient to swim to the boat. There is only one dog and two cats left on the boat, and there are no other creatures. But there were many necessities on board, so I started to work. In order to transport those things to an inlet on the island, I specially made a raft and made a flat highland with fresh water on the island as my residence. Bread, rice, barley and wheat, cheese and dried mutton, sugar, flour, boards, logs, ropes-all these, plus a few muskets, two pistols, several shotguns, a hammer, and-that's the most useless-36 pounds. I carried all these things from the boat to the shore day after day-between low tides. On the evening of the thirtieth day, my handling work was completed. When I lay down, I was still scared as usual, but my heart was full of gratitude, because I knew that I was ready to deal with this desert island in the future and felt at ease. There are many wild fruit trees on the island, but it took me a long time to find them. There are goats running around the island, but if I don't get guns and ammunition from the ship, what good will they do me? Therefore, I have reason to thank the merciful God for putting the boat on the coast until I bring everything useful to me. There are still many things to be done to ensure that I can survive on this island. I did what I had to do as continuously as possible. But my efforts are not always lucky. When I first planted the seeds of barley and rice, half of these precious stocks were wasted because I planted them at the wrong time. I worked hard for several months and dug several cellars to store fresh water. It took 42 days to cut a big tree into my first long board. I worked hard for several weeks to make a mortar for pounding wheat, but in the end I had to hollow out a large piece of wood. It took me five months to cut down a big Chinese fir tree, and I cut it again and again to make a decent canoe to escape from the island, but I had to throw it away because I couldn't get into the sea. However, every failure has taught me something I didn't know before. As for the natural environment, there are storms and earthquakes on the island. I was used to everything then, too. I plant and harvest my barley and wheat; I picked wild grapes and dried them to make very nutritious raisins; I raise tame goats, then kill them, smoke them and pickle them. Because of the variety of food, the supply is not bad. Twelve years have passed, during which I have never seen anyone on the island except myself. So until that big day, I came across a man's bare footprints on the beach. I seem to have been hit by a bolt from the blue. I listened attentively and looked around, but I heard nothing and saw nothing. I ran to the seaside and went to the sea to see, there was only one footprint! I'm very scared. I live in my house. For three days and nights in a row, I was afraid to go out. This is the best explanation for being afraid of people! 12 years of pain and efforts, 12 years of struggle with the natural environment, even because of a person's footprint and terror! But that's the truth. After observation, I learned that this is the habit of cannibals on that continent. They took the prisoners captured in the war to that place on the island where I seldom went, killed them and had a big meal. One morning, I saw thirty barbarians dancing around the bonfire through the telescope. They have cooked one prisoner, and the other two are preparing to roast on the fire. At this time, I ran to them with two loaded muskets and a big knife, and saved a prisoner who had no time to eat. I named the person I saved "Friday" to commemorate his rescue on this day. His voice became the first voice I heard on this island in 25 years. He is young and smart, and he is a barbarian of a high tribe. Later, when I was on the island, he was always my reliable partner. He told me about the mainland on Friday after I taught him a few words of English. I decided to leave my island. We built a boat, this time not far from the coast. Just when we were almost ready to set sail, 2 1 barbarians took three prisoners in three canoes and came to the island to prepare for a banquet. One of the prisoners is white, which makes me very angry. I loaded two shotguns, four muskets and two double-ammunition pistols, gave Friday a small axe and drank a lot of sugarcane wine. I brought my own broadsword. We rushed down the mountain and killed them all. Only four barbarians escaped. One of the prisoners is Friday's father. This white man is Spanish. He is the survivor of the ship I saw hit the rocks on my island a few years ago. At that time, I also took more than 1200 gold coins from the boat, but I didn't value the money at all, because they were not worth more than many sands on the beach. I gave the Spaniard and Friday's father guns and food, and told them to take the shipwrecked sailor on the Spanish ship to my island in my newly built ship. While waiting for them to come back, an English ship broke down near my island because of sailors' troubles. I helped the captain get his boat back and returned to England with him. When we left, we took two honest sailors, who also wanted to go back to England and made the trouble worse. At first, they quarreled with each other, but after settling down, they finally established a prosperous colony. A few years later, I was lucky enough to go to that island again. When I left the island, I had been there for 28 years, 2 months and 29 days. I always thought I would be so happy in England, but I didn't expect to be a stranger there. Unfortunately, my parents have passed away. Otherwise, I can take care of them dutifully now, because besides the 1200 gold coins I got from the Spanish ship, I still have 20,000 pounds waiting for me to collect from an honest friend, who is a Portuguese captain. Before I went to do that unfortunate job, I entrusted him with the management of my manor in Brazil. I have lived on the island for 28 years for this mission. I'm glad to see him so honest. I decided to pay him one hundred Portuguese gold coins every year and fifty Portuguese gold coins every year after his death as their lifelong allowance. I got married and had three children. I didn't roam again, except because I wanted to visit the island where I lived mentioned above. I live here, grateful for the enjoyment I don't deserve, and determined to travel the longest. If I have learned anything, it is to realize the value of retirement and pray for peace for the rest of our lives. Robinson's image Robinson is a newcomer and a hero in the eyes of the middle and small bourgeoisie. He is not an educated aristocrat, but a commoner. ..... Robinson lived alone on a desert island, and kept the dignity of the bourgeoisie as much as possible, which also enabled him to conquer the indigenous people who might endanger himself and his "territory" with the products of this contemporary civilization. He enjoyed almost all the products of contemporary civilization except clothes and some small things. In this way, he has always maintained the life of a "civilized man" and has not become a savage. On the one hand, he waited for the opportunity to leave the desert island, on the other hand, he actively developed the island. Once the second man appears on a desert island, he pretends to be the "ruler" of the island. Robinson has been divorced from the masses for 28 years, but he is a member of society and bourgeoisie both materially and spiritually. This has nothing in common with "returning to nature" or "contentment". After many hardships, Robinson finally got a lot of industry and wealth, which is the home of this kind of hero. Robinson is a man who loves labor. People in this class have no inheritance, and only by their own efforts can they maintain their middle position and climb to the top. Robinson's father's view may only represent the old times, but for conservative Sun Bin, "it's useless for a person to just sit and dream about what he can't get", which is the "absolute truth". Without a boat, it is difficult for him to move the things from the wrecked ship to the island on his own. But his philosophy is a philosophy of action, a philosophy that is not afraid of difficulties. He finally figured out a way to move things, and moved everything he could, and "if the weather continues to be so good, I'm sure I can move the whole boat to the shore piece by piece." He never missed a chance, so when the wrecked ship was finally destroyed by the storm, he felt calm because he was not lazy. He said: "I have never used any tools in my life, but over time, with my labor, diligence and invention, I gradually found that I can do anything as long as I have tools." Having said that, even without tools, I have done a lot of things ... "In this way, Robinson created his own material and spiritual" kingdom "with his own hands and enthusiasm for opening up a new world. Robinson is a determined man. He said: "My temper is that as long as I make up my mind to do something, I will never let go until I succeed. "He has no assistant, incomplete tools and lack of experience, so it takes a lot of energy and time to do anything, for example, it takes 42 days to make a board. Many things he did were in vain and failed, but he never lost heart. He summed up the experience of failure and started over. ..... He is not discouraged by anything, so he is not tired of working. In this way, he fought against nature and changed his situation. We can say that his actions show what kind of career labor can do in his small scope. Robinson is another colonialist. He was a colonist before he came to a desert island. He left Brazil because he wanted to buy slaves in Africa. When no one else appeared on the desert island, Robinson said smugly, "All this is mine. "If possible, he will pass it on to future generations. Later he turned Friday into his slave. Robinson has done many concrete things on a desert island. The natural features of the desert island have changed, and so has his life. Everything he did met with many difficulties, some of which even seemed insurmountable, but he stood the test of failure, he had strong perseverance, and finally he succeeded. If he wants to eat and dress, he must work, and all his achievements are accomplished by his own labor. The works illustrate with vivid and attractive stories that as long as people have ambition, perseverance and love of labor, they can do extraordinary things.
1 browse186 2016-09-13
A Brief Introduction to the Author of Robinson Crusoe
1, Author Introduction Robinson Crusoe was written by British writer and journalist daniel defoe. The founder of realistic novels in the English Enlightenment period is known as the "father of novels". His works are mainly for individuals to overcome difficulties with their own wisdom and courage through hard work. The plot is tortuous, self-reported and readable. It also shows the social atmosphere of pursuing adventure and advocating personal struggle at that time. Robinson Crusoe, his masterpiece, is famous all over the world, and Robinson has become a typical example of struggling with difficulties, so he is regarded as one of the pioneers of English novels. 2. Introduction to the original book Robinson Crusoe is a novel by daniel defoe, England. It mainly tells the story that the hero was killed at sea, drifted to an uninhabited island, insisted on living on the island and finally returned to the primitive society.
729 browse 58490 20 17-09-06
Four comments
Enthusiastic users 10
Very good! It has added a lot of knowledge and benefits to my study.
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He taught me a lot of knowledge.
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