What are the factors that affect vegetable yield?

What are the environmental factors that affect the growth of vegetables?

I. Water

Let's talk about water first. Water is the life and disease of vegetables, that is to say, if there is water, it is necessary to control it. If there is water, there is no water. If you control it, you will not control the disease. Most of the increase in output is due to water, and many diseases are caused by water. Some vegetables need water but don't need water, and some vegetables don't need water when they see water.

That requires us to water according to the situation, depending on soil moisture, seedling situation and weather forecast. It is best to water in the morning, especially all kinds of greenhouse vegetables, but not in the afternoon. Too many watering times will also cause the ground temperature to drop, because all kinds of crops have been harvested or not. For the relationship between temperature and water, we can often use Mei Jia point to prevent water from cooling.

Second, fat.

Fertilizer is the basis of vegetable growth and yield increase. It used to be prepared according to the fertilizer content in the land, but now it is applied according to the demand of crops for fertilizer. Any crop needs as many as 16 kinds of fertilizers. Comprehensive and reasonable fertilization is an important contradiction that cannot be solved in rural areas. The yield of vegetables is related to fertilizer, the quality of vegetables is related to fertilizer, and the number of vegetable diseases is related to fertilizer, such as premature aging, death, flower drop and so on.

In other words, fertilization is reasonable and comprehensive, and the yield and quality are improved, otherwise the yield and quality are reduced; The fertilizer is comprehensive and reasonable, and there are few diseases if it grows well, otherwise many diseases will be difficult to cure and lead to death. Therefore, there is a saying that "ten diseases and nine fertilizers are harmful", so I hope that everyone will apply fertilizers according to the national fertilizer technology policy, because the output of various crops is greater than that of fertilizers, control the amount of nitrogen and phosphorus fertilizers, increase the application of potassium fertilizers and active bacteria bio-organic fertilizers, and apply trace element fertilizers regularly, reasonably and continuously.

Too much nitrogen fertilizer causes diseases, insects, thin leaves, hollow stems, large leaves, flower drop, blind flowers, fruit drop, premature aging, root rot and death, which is not resistant to transportation, storage, low quality and poor taste. There is more phosphate fertilizer, the soil is hardened, the seedlings are not long, the leaves of calcified vegetables and fruits develop slowly, and the color is dull; Vegetables with more potassium fertilizer are disease-free and fruits grow fast, because fruits and vegetables are crops that need more potassium fertilizer. Trace element fertilizers are used much more, with high yield, good quality, strong insect resistance and disease resistance, pollution-free, smooth, delicious and good price, good luck and durability, and vegetable farmers will have higher income.

Third, soil.

Land breeds life. The survival of mankind is inseparable from the land. We need land to grow vegetables. Now there is less soilless culture, and rural areas still use land to get rich. What about our land? Through more than ten years of rural work investigation, because farmers don't know the reasonable and scientific fertilization and watering time, coupled with perennial mechanized farming and extensive use of herbicides, our land has been severely hardened, the soil aggregate structure has been seriously damaged, the plow bottom is hard and stiff, which directly reduces the oxygen content in the soil, has low air permeability and is rampant in underground insect activities. These problems threaten the normal growth of our crops and even bring us unnecessary economic losses.

Therefore, I hope everyone will treat our precious land resources scientifically, treat our only land well, scientifically and rationally fertilize, scientifically and rationally water, scientifically and rationally cultivate, scientifically and rationally adjust our land, and let the land play its greatest potential.

Fourth, species

Seed is the key to increase vegetable yield. With better seeds, we can get ideal economic benefits without increasing investment. If you plant a good seedling, you will reap half of it. Vegetable farmers all over the country know that you have to choose seeds every season, but many people don't know the key points of seed selection. If you know how to handle seeds, many people don't know the purpose and measures of handling seeds. Then I hope to understand the adaptability of seeds first, adapt to local climate conditions, water conservancy conditions, soil conditions and planting habits, and be operated by regular seed sales enterprises, which must have national certification marks and national standard codes.

Trilogy of seed treatment: firstly, the purchased seeds have to undergo three germination tests before they can be used as seeds; The second is drying. Some vegetable seeds are packed in plastic bags or iron drums, which will lack oxygen for a long time and may also carry mold, which will bring diseases and dead seedlings to the growing period. Therefore, it is necessary to use the infrared rays of the sun to irradiate the seeds for 1-3 days to make the seeds mature, improve the water absorption function and germination potential, and promote early germination and early emergence; Third, seed soaking and seed dressing, according to the nature of seeds, in order to improve the characteristics of seeds. At this time, in order to increase the nutritional components of the seeds, the seeds can be soaked in water for 6-24 hours, or the seeds can be dressed until the seedlings are neat, Miao Zhuang and uniform.

Verb (short for verb) light

Lighting, "Everything grows by the sun", we can buy seeds, chemical fertilizers, pesticides and sunlight, all of which can't be bought, but vegetables are crops that need strong light. In some areas, some vegetable farmers blindly pursue close planting and ignore the role of light. Some greenhouses are not high enough, some shed films are out of date, and some field vegetables are interplanted with high and low stalks, which leads to the lack of light for crops that like strong light and affects yield.

This requires us to interplant scientifically, improve the wide and narrow row planting mode, change from bottom border planting to high border planting, and change from bottom transplanting to top transplanting. The greenhouse construction should also be designed and constructed according to national standards, because the height of the greenhouse is directly proportional to the output, and the greenhouse film should be replaced frequently according to the conditions, and the dust on the greenhouse film should be kept clean frequently.

VI. Medicine

Pesticides, there are probably several kinds of pesticides used by vegetable farmers, such as nutritional drugs, therapeutic drugs, insect-repellent drugs, regulators, and one dose of three drugs. Some of these pesticides are good, some are bad, some are true, some are fake, and they can't cure diseases, or they can't cure insects, or they can't be well regulated, or they have side effects due to overdose, which makes vegetable farmers busy with the pain of pesticide spraying all day and makes vegetables grow in pesticide solutions every day. Also infected with different degrees of public hazards, unable to enter the big market of big cities, will also affect the income of vegetable farmers.