How can peanuts be planted for high yield?

1. Precise fertilization: base fertilizer is applied by one-time fertilization method, with decomposed manure 1 0,000 kg, peanut special compound fertilizer 50 kg or compound fertilizer 75 kg, calcium superphosphate 40-50 kg, potassium chloride 10 kg, borax 1 kg, and evenly applied in the whole layer before ploughing.

2. Spraying foliar fertilizer: after the pod-setting stage, the topdressing outside the roots can be sprayed with 1% urea solution and 2%-3% calcium superphosphate 1-2 times; You can also spray 50 grams of ammonium molybdate and 50 kilograms of water per mu, and spray it again after 10.

Third, control seedlings skillfully. 40-50 days after flowering, that is, the prophase of peanut pod setting. When the plant grows to 30 cm, 70- 100 mg/L ppm water solution should be sprayed on the leaves in time, and 50-75 liters of water can be used per mu. It can dwarf peanut plants and prevent them from lodging in vain. If the growth is still too strong after spraying, it can be sprayed again every 10 day to ensure the height of the plant is 30-40 cm.

4. Peanut seedling stepping: In the peak season of peanut growth, artificial seedling stepping can be controlled to promote the lower part of the fruit needle, which can increase the effective number of single point by 3-5 and increase the yield by 20%. The method is: generally, from late July to mid-August, after 3 pm on sunny days, the upright peanut seedlings are trampled down with their feet to shorten the distance between the fruit needles and the ground, promote the early burial of the fruit needles, and achieve the purpose of controlling the upper part and promoting the lower part to increase production and income.

5. Apply calcium fertilizer skillfully: peanuts need a lot of calcium, which is more than phosphorus and close to potassium, especially at the filling stage. Gypsum application in calcium-deficient or sulfur-deficient soil is beneficial to the formation of peanut shells and improve the fruit setting rate.

6. Skillful application of micro-fertilizers: Although the demand for boron and molybdenum in peanuts is small, it has a great impact. Spraying 50 kg of 0.2% borax aqueous solution per mu of leaves at seedling stage and flowering stage; Spraying 50 kg of 0. 1%-0.2% ammonium molybdate aqueous solution once per mu during the growth period can increase the yield by 20%.

7. Whole-plant ring: Whole-plant ring pressure in full flowering period of peanut can improve the crowded situation among plants in the hole, make full use of space and light energy, shorten the distance between the fruit needle and the ground, and expand the fruit range, which is beneficial to the early penetration of the fruit needle, multiple fruits and full fruits. The method is as follows: in full bloom, round, weave a circle with wicker with a diameter of 30-35cm, and press it in the center of three peanut seedlings, so that the peanuts in each hole account for 65,438+0/3 respectively, and the stems and branches crawl on the ground as much as possible.

Eight, pruning: when peanuts begin to sprout, use scissors to cut off diseased branches and branches without flowers. When pruning without flowers, leave 3-4 branches in each nest for short branches and 2-3 branches in each nest for high branches, so as to achieve the purpose of full and big fruits.

Nine, remove the main stem: the top advantage of peanuts is very prominent. After full flowering 10, the yield of main stem can be increased obviously, and the yield per mu can be increased by about 15%, and the effect of coring too early or too late is not significant.

Extended data:

Peanut pest control

1, red spider: the damage period of red spider is from June to August, and it is rampant in dry years. You can choose 1.8% avermectin EC 3000 times solution, 1000 ~ 1500 times solution, diphenhydramine EC 1500 ~ 2000 times solution and 40% dicofol1500 ~.

2. Aphids: Aphids are the main pests that harm peanut leaves, resulting in curly leaves and poor growth. At the same time, aphids can spread a variety of viral diseases. Therefore, 5000 times solution of 10% imidacloprid wettable powder can be used to control aphids during the occurrence period.

3. White grubs are underground pests, which affect peanut germination, fruit setting, pod setting, yield and quality, and can be harmful in the whole growth and development period. The following methods can be used to control grubs:

(1) Larval stage: use 0.25-0.3kg of 40% Oxfam emulsifiable concentrate, 0.25-0.4kg of 40% Phoxim emulsifiable concentrate and 20-30kg of mixed soil per mu, and evenly spread around the peanut ridge;

(2) Adult stage: bind 3-5 branches of fresh elm, poplar and willow with a length of 60 cm into a bundle, soak them in 50-fold solution of 75% phoxim emulsifiable concentrate or 50-fold solution of 45% phoxim emulsifiable concentrate for 5-6 hours, insert them into fields in the evening, and insert 65,438+00-65,438+05 bundles per mu for trapping and killing;

(3) Catch adults by hand: Catch adults by hand on poplar, elm, willow, locust and other trees near peanut fields every evening with a flashlight. Feeding the captured adults to poultry or centralized treatment can not only reduce the source of insects, but also ensure that the leaves of trees are not harmed.

References:

Baidu encyclopedia-peanuts