Which province and city does Songpan County, Aba Prefecture, Sichuan Province belong to?

Located in Songpan County, Aba Prefecture, Sichuan Province

Songpan is located in the northeast of Aba Tibetan and Qiang Autonomous Prefecture in Sichuan Province, and its geographical coordinates are between 32 06 ′-33 09 ′ north latitude and 65 438+002 38 ′-65 438+004 65 438+05 ′ east longitude. Pingwu County in the east, Maoxian County in the south, Beichuan County in the southeast, Hongyuan County and Heishui County in the west and southwest, Jiuzhaigou County and ruoergai county in the north. The county is180km long from east to west and12.5km wide from north to south, covering an area of 8608.37km2..

Jin 'an Town, the county seat, is 2849.5m above sea level, 335km away from Chengdu, the provincial capital, and 43 1 km away from Marcand, the state capital. The west line of the "Ninth Ring Road" runs through the county along the Minjiang River, and Jiuzhai Huanglong Airport is only 17 km away from the county.

(2) Population

1990 The county's total population was 6464 1, of which non-agricultural population 10228, accounting for 15.7%, agricultural population 544 13, accounting for 84. 1%, and birth rate/.

(3) Ethnic groups

The county is mainly composed of Tibetans, Qiang, Hui and Han. There are 24038 Tibetans, accounting for 37.19% of the total population; 4543 Qiang people, accounting for 7.03% of the total population; There are 8398 Hui people, accounting for12.99% of the total population; There are 27,633 Han people, accounting for 42.75% of the total population. There are 29 Mongolian, Manchu, Zhuang and Yi people, accounting for 0.04% of the total population.

(4) Historical evolution

Songpan, with a long history, is a military town located in the border of China in ancient times. It is also a distribution center for the exchange of tea and horses between the mainland and Xiqiang Tubo, and is known as the "plateau ancient city". In 3 16 BC, after Qin destroyed Shu, it was established in today's main temple town of Sichuan, which is the beginning of the county-level organizational system in Songpan area, and has a history of more than 2300 years.

In the first year of Wude in Tang Gaozu (6 18), Songzhou was established, and in the 12th year of Hongwu in Ming Dynasty (1379), Songzhou and Panzhou were established as two guards, and they were named Songpan Wei. Songpan Hall and Songpan Zhili Hall were cleaned up. In the second year of the Republic of China (19 13), Songpan Zhili Hall was changed to Songpan County, and county-level buildings are still in use today.

(5) Climatic conditions

Songpan is located in the middle of Minshan Mountain range and belongs to the eastern edge of Qinghai-Tibet Plateau. The landform is obviously different from east to west, mainly mountainous; The terrain is obviously undulating and the relative height difference is relatively large. The lowest point of Shekou in Baiyang Township is1082m above sea level, and the highest point of Xuebaoding, the main peak of Minshan Mountain, is 5588m above sea level, with a relative height difference of 4506m.

The Songpan Mountain is steep and majestic, mainly including Xuebaoding, Gonggangling, Zhepoka, Huaziling, Jinpeng Mountain, Collapse Rock, Hongxing Rock and Pepper Mountain. There are more than 200 rivers in China, including Minjiang River, Fujiang River, Wenwuqu River, Maoergai River, Baicao River and their tributaries. The river finally flows into the Minjiang River and Fujiang River, with an average annual runoff of 4.02 billion cubic meters.

Climate and precipitation, due to the complex terrain and disparity in altitude, Songpan has obvious climate change, diverse microclimate and frequent disastrous weather activities. Fujiang river basin is rainy and rainy, with four distinct seasons; A few areas in Minjiang River Basin are dry and lack of rain, and most areas are cold and humid, with long winter and no summer, and spring and autumn are connected, and the four seasons are unknown. The distribution of precipitation is uneven, but the dry season and rainy season are distinct. Rainfall in rainy season accounts for more than 72% of the annual precipitation, with an annual average temperature of 5.7℃, an annual extreme minimum temperature of -2 1. 1℃ and an annual average precipitation of 720mm. ..

financial resources

Of the total area of the county, there are 5.74 million mu of forest land, saving 52 million cubic meters of wood, and the forest coverage rate is 37.2%. Cultivated land168,000 mu (including grain cultivated land143,300 mu). The per capita arable land area is 2.5 mu, with an average of 7.8 people per square kilometer.

The main mineral deposits are:

Placer gold, copper, tin, manganese, tungsten, mercury, antimony, anthracite, sulfur, andrographolide, marble, granite, limestone, etc. Among them, placer gold is rich in reserves, and the famous "Zhangjin" is famous for its high fineness and low smelting consumption. Emerald mineral water is recognized as high-quality natural drinking mineral water by the state.

The national first-class protected animals are: giant panda, golden monkey, clouded leopard, wildebeest and so on. The national second-class protected animals are: red panda, macaque, blue pheasant and so on. Xiaohe, Huanglong and Baiyang are the key protected areas for giant pandas in China. There are more than 800 kinds of precious Chinese herbal medicines, such as musk, velvet antler, Fritillaria (loose shell), angelica, cordyceps sinensis, notopterygium root and rhubarb, which sell well at home and abroad.

All the cultivated land in the county is dry land, accounting for 1.34% of the total land area, and the per capita agricultural population is 3.53 mu. Crops are mainly wheat, cowpea, potato, highland barley and corn. Economic crops and economic forests include: rape, garlic, walnut, pepper, sumac, tea, medicinal materials and so on. Songpan was listed as the national highland barley commodity grain production base in 1990. The total grain output is 25,004 tons, and the per capita grain of rural population in the county is 459. Six kilos.

There are 4337 1 10,000 mu of natural grassland in the county, and the theoretical carrying capacity is 73438+0,000 sheep units. The number of livestock in the county 187354, with 3.53 per capita.

Before liberation, Songpan had only a few scattered small handicraft industries. After liberation, the industry has developed greatly, with three industrial enterprises 13, among which state-owned industrial enterprises include: wood processing plant, logging plant, agricultural machinery plant, brewery, grain and oil processing plant, Chengguan Power Station, Yuntun Power Station and Hongqiao Power Station; Collectively owned enterprises include: machinery repair shops, garment factories, construction companies, printing houses, comprehensive service agencies, and tenzing gold mines. In addition, state-owned forest industry enterprises 1 family, county-owned forest industry enterprises 1 family. With the in-depth development of economic construction, wood processing plants, comprehensive processing plants, brick and tile factories, lime kilns, sewing, construction, gold panning and other industries owned by township enterprises have been established.

In history, Songpan is the distribution center of tea and horse trade between the mainland and the frontier strong Tubo and other ethnic groups, and the business is relatively prosperous. With the development of tourism, the tertiary industry such as commerce and service industry has developed. There are 60 commercial service outlets in the county with 480 employees. From 65438 to 0990, the total retail sales of social goods reached 25.35 million yuan.

Before liberation, Songpan had only narrow and steep commercial roads leading to Ganqing, Wu Heping and Chengdu, and the traffic was extremely inconvenient. After liberation, highway trunk lines were gradually completed, and five existing highway trunk lines left the country, which completely changed the traffic situation. Cars have been connected to all districts and townships in the county, and tractor roads have been built in some villages, initially forming a transportation network and promoting economic and cultural development. 800 kilometers of highways at all levels.

There are 7 post offices and 3 postal lines in the county, 154 km. Call 24 townships and 27 natural villages. The telephone mileage in the county is 409 kilometers. 1990, the total post and telecommunications business reached 290,000 yuan.

Scenic spots/tourist attractions

Huanglong Scenic Area is the "dragon head" of China's natural landscape, which mainly includes 9 scenic spots, including Huanglong main scenic area, Longdishui, Danxia, Xuebaoding, Xueshanliang, Hongxing Rock, Prairie, Erdaohai and Zhaga Waterfall.

The main scenic spot of Huanglong is located in Qianlong ditch (called color error in Tibetan) at the foot of Xuebaoding Mountain, 56 kilometers east of Songpan County. Songpan-Pingwu Highway runs through it. The whole scenic spot is about 15 Li in the vertical direction and about 5 Li in the horizontal direction. The terrain is high in the southeast and low in the northwest. The average altitude is 3550 meters.

There are thousands of travertine pools, beach streams and stalactite caves of different sizes in the scenic area, forming the world's largest open-air travertine karst landscape. There is also the site of Huanglong Temple in Taoist Temple. Known as "the wonders of the world" and "the jade pool on earth". Predecessors have said that "the jade barrier soars into the clouds, and the pines meet the snow; The couplets of "Golden Sands Pave the Ground, Thousand Layers of Clear Water Walk Huanglong" summarize the characteristics of the main scenic spots in Huanglong.

Zhaga Waterfall is located in Housigou, Muni Township, 30 kilometers southwest of the county seat. It is a small scenic spot composed of virgin forest, Zhaga Canyon and Zhaga Waterfall. Tibetan language is called Gaqi Gorge, which means rapids on white rocks. The waterfall is 93.2 meters high and 35 meters wide, which is the highest travertine waterfall in China.

Adjacent to Zhaga Waterfall is Erdao Scenic Area, which enters the ditch in the direction of Shangzhai in Junmin Township. The scenic spot consists of several alpine lakes, tiankeng, caves, colorful pools, hot springs, emerald mineral springs and meadows. In addition, the cultural landscape also includes the ruins of Songpan ancient city wall, the Muslim North Temple, the Muslim Lower Temple, Guang Guang Gongbei, Yinxian Gongbei, Tong Yuan Bridge, Feng Ming Bridge, Gu Song Bridge, Yueying Bridge and other buildings and ancient city blocks built since the Yuan, Ming and Qing Dynasties.

Galitai Grassland: Located in the west of Songpan County, with an altitude of about 3,500m, 6 1 km away from Jiuzhai Huanglong Airport, it is one of the most lush grasslands in China, a part of Songpan Grassland in history, and a wonderful flower in the grassland tourist area in northwest Sichuan. Endless plateau grassland, green fields in spring and summer, flowers in full bloom. However, in late autumn, it gives people a unique charm.

Baihualou Forest Park: The geographical environment is unique, maintaining a primitive and simple ecological environment. Primitive forests and large and small Haizi are densely covered, and birds and animals jump and play. In the meantime, I feel far away from the hubbub, clearing my heart and moistening my lungs, which is intoxicating. It is an excellent resort for eco-tourism and holiday leisure.

Maohai Conference Site:1In August, 935, the Chinese Red Army of Workers and Peasants entered Songpan on the Long March. On August 6th, China's Central Military Commission held a meeting of the Political Bureau in Shawo near Maohai, which was called "Shawo Meeting" in history. On August 20th, a historic Politburo meeting was held in the Suohua Temple in Maughai, which was called "Maughai Meeting" in history. You can see vast grasslands and dense forests.

culture

After liberation, the county's cultural undertakings have developed greatly, and cultural and entertainment facilities such as cultural stations, staff clubs, youth palaces and Xinhua Bookstore have been built. The county cultural center, its library, reading room, photography studio, dance rehearsal room and multi-functional cinema held various cultural and entertainment activities, which greatly enriched the cultural life of the people. There are 22 rural film teams in the county, showing 2700 films every year, and establishing rural cultural stations, which has greatly developed rural cultural undertakings.

There are 144 schools at all levels, including 7 ordinary middle schools (2 in the county and 5 in the district), 2 in Chengguan primary school, 24 in the township center school, village primary school 1 10, and kindergarten 1. Students 10420. Among them, middle school students 1772, primary school students 8648. The enrollment rate of school-age children is 90%, the consolidation rate is 9 1.9%, and the graduation rate is 95.6%. The total number of teaching and administrative staff in the county is 652. Among them, there are 454 national staff, 97 private teachers and substitute teachers 10 1 person.

After liberation, a professional scientific and technological team was established, with professional technicians 1 154, including 7 senior titles, 587 intermediate titles and 560 junior titles. There are societies, associations and research institutes 16 in the county with 532 members.

There are 26 radio stations and 22 satellite TV ground stations with a total power of 0. 139 kW, and the county and township dedicated signal lines are 28 kilometers. The mileage of cable broadcasting line is 275 kilometers. The antenna tower of county TV relay station is 20 meters high and covers a radius of 3 kilometers. The county's TV coverage rate is 59%.

County People's Stadium has a lighting court, wrestling training room, table tennis training room, roller skating rink and so on. At present, there are 15 referees, including 4 second-level referees and1/third-level referees.

Before liberation, there were no medical and health institutions, and doctors and medicines were scarce. Endemic diseases, frequently-occurring diseases and epidemics seriously endanger people's health. After liberation, under the care of the party and the people's government, medical and health undertakings have made great progress. 1990 there are 4 county-level medical units and 48 county hospitals, epidemic prevention stations, maternal and child health stations, leprosy hospitals (leprosy villages, now under the management of epidemic prevention stations) and other health institutions at all levels. There are 378 public health technicians, including senior technicians 19. The total number of hospital beds is 1 19, with an average of nearly 2 beds per thousand people. Most villages have established cooperative medical stations with 202 cooperative medical personnel.

Since the Third Plenary Session of the Eleventh Central Committee, medical and health undertakings have been further developed, and individual medical workers in the county who combine traditional Chinese and western medicine have gradually developed. At present, more than 40 individual medical stations have been set up, which has solved and facilitated the people's problems of treating diseases and seeking medical treatment.

Chita

There are 15 Bonism and Tibetan Buddhism temples in Songpan County. Among them, there are 0/0 famous temples, including Gummy Temple, Ka Ya Temple, Shanba Temple, Linpo Temple, Yuanba Temple, Jiaochang Temple, Nami Temple, Longtou Temple, Duihe Temple and Rona Temple. Tibetan Buddhism has three temples in gelug sect monasteries: Housi, Maoergai and Bao Xiao. The Sakya Sect of Tibetan Buddhism has 1 Shangni Temple; Tibetan Buddhism Ma Ning has 1 chimney temple.

In the 24th year of the Republic of China (1935), the Chinese Red Army of Workers and Peasants entered the Songpan area on the Long March and established seven Soviet regimes south of the county seat. The Political Bureau of the Central Committee held "Shawo Conference" and "Maogai Conference" in Maogai Shawo (now Xueluo) and Maogai Suohua Temple on August 6th and 20th respectively. Crushed Zhang's division and determined the strategic policy of going north. Now, the meeting sites of "Shawo Conference" and "Maughai Conference" have been established as revolutionary memorial sites.

The Monument Garden of the Red Army's Long March Monument is located in Yuanbaoshan, on the east side of Chuanzhusi Development Town, north of Songpan County 17km. 1988 started in April, and 1990 was completed on August 25th. The Monument Garden consists of monuments, large group sculptures, large reliefs and exhibition halls, and is known as the "General Monument to Commemorate the Long March of the Chinese Workers and Peasants Red Army". The monument consists of a bronze statue of a Red Army soldier, a A Jin steel triangular prism and a white marble pedestal, with a total height of 41.3m. ..

The sculpture "The Fire of Dawn" consists of a sub-gold copper sphere with a diameter of 60 cm and three huge stones cast with cement. The inscription on the torch is carved from granite shaped like a torch and engraved with an inscription. Large-scale group sculptures are composed of pioneers, brave people, unity to the north, a nap in the mountains, deep affection for grass, funeral trips, generations-to-generations, retrospection, and gathering of heroes. There is also a revolutionary cultural relics exhibition hall showing the Red Army's Long March passing through Songpan grassland, covering an area of more than 700 square meters.

Diexi ancient city site was caused by 1933 Songpan earthquake. It is located in the southeast of Jiaochang Township, Maoxian County, on the second terrace on the east bank of Minjiang River, with Zhuqi Mountain as its back and Minjiang River as its bottom, covering an area of 220,000 square meters.

202 1 1, Songpan County was recognized as the third batch of food safety demonstration counties (cities, districts) in Sichuan Province.

On February 3, 2020, the Sichuan Provincial Office of Spiritual Civilization Construction announced the fifth batch of civilized cities in Sichuan Province, and Songpan County was on the list.

In June 2020, Songpan County was included in the second batch of revolutionary cultural relics protection and utilization counties (Long March District (Red Army) and Long March District (Red Fourth Army)).

On February 22, 20 18, Songpan county was included in the list of counties (cities, districts) with basically balanced development of compulsory education in China in 20 17.