What are the conditions required for growing kiwi fruit?

Kiwi fruit orchards should be located in areas with no pollution in the atmosphere, soil, and water quality, shallow hills, plains, terraced slopes with an altitude below 1,200 meters, loose slightly acidic soil, and a pH value of preferably Areas between 5 and 6.5 are optimal; the groundwater level is below one meter, drainage and irrigation are convenient, transportation conditions are good, and the slope of the slope is below 25 degrees. Waterlogged depressions, wind vents, mountain tops, and steep slopes are not suitable for building gardens. There are many examples of improper selection leading to loss of money. Please bear this in mind.

The Yangtze River Basin in my country is most suitable for kiwi fruit cultivation. The southern extension of the planting range can reach Dongguan and Foshan in Guangdong, and the northern limit reaches Zhouzhi County in Shaanxi and Zibo City in Shandong in the Yellow River Basin. However, it is recommended to plant kiwi fruit in the Chinese family. It is suitable to grow in the Yangtze River Basin and the southern provinces. The extremely cold weather in January 2016 caused great damage to the Chinese red-heart kiwi fruit in the Yellow River Basin and southwest mountainous areas.

1. Altitude

Kiwi fruit can generally be planted in southwestern mountainous areas between 300 and 1,900 meters. The suitable planting time must be determined based on microclimate characteristics. For example, the safe altitude in Sichuan is 500-1,200 meters. meters, and can be relaxed to 1800 meters in Yunnan. Kiwis can also be grown at relatively low altitudes in Zhejiang and Jiangsu provinces, but in low-altitude areas, red-heart kiwis may turn color later.

2. Soil

The soil should be deep, fertile, well-permeable, sandy soil with a water table below 1 meter, high organic matter content, and a slightly acidic pH of 5.0-6.5. , Strongly acidic or alkaline soil needs to be improved before cultivation. When planting kiwi fruit in some areas close to the coast, you should avoid choosing tidal flats. Kiwi fruit in saline-alkali land is prone to iron deficiency and is difficult to grow. It must be artificially transformed year by year until the pH becomes more suitable before planting. It is not easy to plant kiwi fruit in places with thin soil. According to the author's experience, it is advisable to maintain the thickness of the improved soil layer at least 60 cm.

The naturally formed soils in various places are quite different, with different fatness and thinness, and different performance indicators. It is required to gradually improve its performance indicators according to local conditions to achieve the best state, so as to meet the best soil biochemical requirements for kiwi fruit growth.

3. Temperature

The annual average temperature is 11.3-16.9℃, the lowest temperature is from December to January, and the highest temperature is in summer. Adult trees can withstand the highest temperature of 42.5℃, usually the high temperature is 30℃ The left and right sides can still grow normally. The effective accumulated temperature during the growing season is from germination to falling leaves and entering dormancy. It takes 220-240 days for growth and development. The effective accumulated temperature is 4100-4400°C when it is greater than or equal to 10°C. The average daily temperature during the growth process is not lower than 10-12°C. But if you choose red-heart kiwi, you should pay more attention to choosing a warm place. Chinese red-heart kiwi needs a higher average annual temperature.

The flowering temperature in spring drops, frost during the flowering period, and low temperature in late frost are all detrimental to the growth of kiwi fruit. When the temperature in spring late frost drops to less than 1°C, the branches, leaves, and flowers that emerge in spring are susceptible to frost damage. Early frost can easily cause the peel of late-ripening fruits to shrink and reduce their quality.

4. Lighting

Most kiwifruit varieties prefer a semi-shade environment, but have different requirements for light at different development stages. They prefer shade and avoid direct sunlight during the seedling stage. More attention should be paid when transplanting seedlings. It needs shade and moisture protection (corn can be interplanted during the seedling stage. Although corn is not profitable now, kiwi seedlings grow better). Adult trees need light, especially during the flowering stage. They are medium light-loving fruit trees and generally require 1,300 sunshine hours. -2600 hours, like diffused light, avoid direct strong light, the natural light intensity is 42%-45%. Some areas in France with strong sunshine are covered with shading nets, and it can also be tried in places in China where conditions permit.

5. Moisture

The annual rainfall is more than 1000mm and evenly distributed to meet the growth requirements of kiwi fruit. When it is less than 800mm, irrigation is required. When there is insufficient water, growth is stunted, fruits shrink, leaves become smaller, leaf edges wither, the leaf drop rate reaches 50%-60%, and the fruit drop rate exceeds 45%; too much rainfall, waterlogging, and if the drainage is poor, the tree will be drowned, but There are great differences among varieties;

The flower bud differentiation period requires less rainfall, and moderate drought is conducive to flower bud differentiation;

During budding and fruit expansion, abundant rainfall is conducive to fruits and branches. growth, increase yield and the number of effective fruit-bearing mother branches in the coming year.

In the late growth period, there will be less rainfall from early August, which is beneficial to the accumulation of fruit dry matter components and improves fruit quality and storage stability. In recent years, the large-scale kiwi fruit planting industry has developed rapidly, and the planning of large parks requires the installation of irrigation pipeline facilities in advance.

6. Terrain Slope

Kiwi is a light-loving fruit tree. When choosing a garden in mountainous areas, it is best to choose sunny south, southeast and southwest slopes. The slope generally does not exceed 30 degrees, so as to facilitate later development. Preparation and scaffolding to reduce the loss of soil moisture and nutrients. It is difficult to grow kiwi fruit in low-lying areas and paddy fields. Don't say that there are many wild kiwis on the mountains behind your home. Now we are discussing commercial planting. You have to consider many factors, such as: yield, resistance, variety, and labor saving. Choose land with suitable slope in terms of transportation. It is appropriate.

I have seen too many losses caused by gardening in low-lying areas. The first year was fine, and some of them grew well. In the second year, the problems became more apparent, including root rot, ulcers, and finally the fruits were not of good quality and the price was unaffordable.

7. Windbreaks

When building a garden in a place where the wind speed is greater than 10m/second, a windbreak should be built at the same time, or the windbreak should be built first and then the garden. Generally, the windbreak is built in two rows, with trees and shrubs. In combination, windbreaks should be planted in larger orchards. The picture below shows the Sunshine Golden Fruit and Charming Golden Orchards in New Zealand. The area of ??each orchard is controlled between 20 and 100 acres, and is surrounded by 8-meter-high trees as windbreaks.

8. Convenient transportation

Choose an area with convenient transportation for planting to facilitate the transportation of organic fertilizers, transportation of fruits, and reduction of daily management costs. Large base planting must open the way. Both main roads and production access roads are needed. In recent years, labor costs have become higher and higher, so they must be planned well. Generally, it is reasonable for roads to account for 5% of the park area.