Is it important to "surrender" in ancient wars? What's the role?

When fighting in ancient times, it doesn't mean that you have to kill each other. After all, talents are rare. Therefore, how to persuade surrender is very important. Since the Warring States period, a group of people have been trying their best to win over others. When the grass-roots emperors Liu Bang and Zhu Yuanzhang conquered the world, they not only brought them out of their hometown, but also relied on the talents who persuaded them to surrender from the local camp.

In other words, when Huang Taiji ascended the throne, the late Jin Dynasty was still in chaos, surrounded by the Ming Dynasty, Mongolia and North Korea, but faced with acute domestic problems? Decentralization of nobility? In order to get rid of this dilemma, Huang Taiji expanded the late Jin army on the one hand and reformed the flag system on the other. He changed the previous Eight Banners to Twenty-four Banners, used various means to win over the enemy rebels, and gradually expanded the previous poor and weak funds.

1636, Huang taiji changed his country name to Qing. In order to realize his ambition to enter the customs, he spent ten years recruiting people who can reduce the enemy's ability. Among these generals recruited by Huang Taiji, Kong Youde, Geng, Shang Kexi, Hong Chengchou and Zu Dashou helped the Qing court the most. It can be said that their participation brought about a qualitative change in the national situation in the Qing Dynasty.

Kong Youde was born in 1991, and his ancestral home is Shandong. Although he is a miner and can't read, he is good at it? Bow horse? . When Liaodong was attacked by Houjin, Kong Youde volunteered. Because of his bravery, he was highly valued by company commander Mao. But you never know, because Mao was too proud to control, the Ming court sent Yuan Chonghuan to kill him, but Kong Youde and Geng were transferred to be the governor of Dengzhou.

163 1 year, the late Jin army besieged Daling River City, and Zu Dashou, a general of the Ming Dynasty, was trapped in the city. Seeing that Sun's ammunition was about to run out, he sent Kong Youde with a rate of eight hundred Qingqi to support him. When the group arrived at Wuqiao, they met Shandong soldiers who had been at odds with Liaodong soldiers. They refused the request of the army to enter the city. It was stormy at that time, because a hungry soldier stole a rich man's chicken. Did Kong Youde do it? Marching through the ears? Punishment. This incident slowly fermented in the army and eventually triggered a military revolution.

Because the situation was out of control, Kong Youde simply staged a coup, calling himself Marshal, and became a separatist force in Dengzhou. The Ming court failed to persuade Kong Youde to surrender, so it had to strike at him. Soon after, the Ming army recovered Laizhou and Dengzhou, and Kong Youde, desperate, had to lead the remnants to beg for surrender. Because Kong Youde had red cannons and hundreds of canoe warships, Huang Taiji attached great importance to them. According to his previous title, he named Kong Youde Marshal. In order to show loyalty, Kong Youde shaved off his long hair during the March and brought many craftsmen who were good at making artillery.

With the help of Kong Youde, the influence of the latter Jin was greatly enhanced. Because Kong Youde was very familiar with the Ming court, and he offered his coup many times, after the two armies fought, the latter always took advantage. Kong Youde not only assisted the forces of the late Jin Dynasty, but also forced North Korea to surrender to the late Jin Dynasty, which indirectly led to the isolation of the Ming Dynasty. In the ninth year of Shunzhi, Li Dingguo besieged Kong Youde in Guilin, and he was forced to commit suicide.

Geng is from Liaodong. In his early years, he was from Dengzhou, and both Kong Youde and Mao were aides. When Mao was killed by Yuan Chonghuan, they were transferred to Sun together. In the fifth year of Chongzhen, Kong Youde led his troops to attack Dengzhou, and Geng Zhongming made an inside job for him. After occupying Dengzhou, Geng Zhongming was appointed as the company commander. In the seventh year of Tiancong, Geng and Kong Youde surrendered to the rulers. In the first year of Chongde, Geng Zhongming was named King Huai Shun by the Qing court. Participate in suppressing the peasant uprising when entering the customs. In the sixth year of Shunzhi, the Qing court changed Geng to the king of Jingnan, and with Shang Kexi and Wu Sangui, he was called San Francisco in the early Qing Dynasty.

In the sixth year of Shunzhi, the punishments said that Geng's men harbored fugitives and should be punished. When Geng got the news, he immediately wrote a letter and confessed his crime. Originally, the Qing court decided to be lenient after deliberation. However, Geng didn't know the generous life of the imperial court, and he hanged himself in depression during the March.

Shang Kexi, a native of Liaodong, participated in pacifying the Pidao mutiny and Wuqiao mutiny in his early years. When he led troops to attack Dengzhou, the whole army was wiped out because of the bad weather. Thanks to saving Huanglong, he saved his life. Later, he was promoted to lieutenant. But Huanglong was later defeated and killed, and his troops were taken over by Shen Shikui. Because Shen Shikui was suppressed by Shang Kexi, he always tried his best to make things difficult for Shang Kexi after taking over the army. Soon after, the two parted ways because of a trap, but Shang Kexi was helpless and went to Huang Taiji.

Although ShangKeXi is only a lieutenant, but still got the attention of huang taiji. According to legend, when he arrived in the Later Jin Dynasty, Huang Taiji personally went out of the city to meet him. In the ninth year of Chongzhen, Shang Kexi was named King Shunzhi. A few years later, Shang Kexi led the army to defeat Li Zicheng, and Huang Taiji made him the king of Pingnan. Although Shang Kexi bought time for the Qing army in the San Francisco Rebellion, his son Shang Zhixin was in cahoots with the rebel army Wu Sangui. Shang Kexi, who hated iron and failed to produce, died of depression in the 15th year of Kangxi at the age of 73.

Hong Chengchou, a native of Fujian, studied in a private school in his early years, but was forced to drop out of school to sell dried beancurd because of his poor family. The private school teacher couldn't bear to see him degenerate and funded him to continue his studies. Because the opportunity was hard-won, Hong Chengchou made the ambition to cultivate one's morality and govern the country early. At the age of 20, he was admitted to the Jinshi, which can be described as both civil and military. In the second year of Chongzhen, the peasant uprising surged, because Yang He stationed in Shaanxi was in urgent need of energy, so Hong Chengchou, who was promoted to study politics at that time, was forced to become a temporary general.

Later, he led the troops to annihilate more than 300 enemy troops, successfully lifted the siege of Hancheng, and the court promoted him as the governor of Yansui. Has Hong Chengchou changed Yang He since he took office? Give priority to with caress? Li Zicheng's peasant army suffered heavy losses because of its anti-bandits policy. When victory was in sight, Huang Taiji suddenly led an army to attack Liaodong, and Emperor Chongzhen, anxious to save Liaodong's defeat, ordered Hong Chengchou to rush to Liaodong immediately. Due to insufficient preparation before the war, the route for providing foodstuff was blocked by Huang Taiji, and Hong Chengchou and his party were trapped in Songshan Mountain.

But also because there was no support from the Ming army, the city ran out of food and grass, and Hong Chengchou was captured by the Qing army after half a year of hard struggle. Huang Taiji attached great importance to this talent and sent ministers to surrender many times, but Hong Chengchou just didn't buy it. One day, Huang Taiji sent Fan Cheng to surrender. When they were chatting, Fan Cheng found that Hong Chengchou cherished his clothes very much and brushed the dust off his sleeves from time to time. He deduced from this that Hong Chengchou must be a man who cherishes his life. After hearing Fan Cheng's report, Huang Taiji immediately went to the detention center to visit and put on his royal clothes to be caring and attentive.

In this regard, Hong Chengchou was greatly moved by this and knelt down to the Qing Dynasty. Hong Chengchou made great contributions to the Qing Dynasty. When entering the customs, because Dourgen adopted his suggestion of declaring the imperial edict, all the border counties took the initiative to bow down. After the emperor shunzhi came to power, Hong Chengchou actively promoted the Huairou policy promulgated by him, and the economy in the south of the Yangtze River developed rapidly. In the fourth year of Kangxi, Hong Chengchou died in a private house at the age of 73.

Zu Dashou, a native of Liaodong, was assigned to Jinzhou by the Ming court in 1628. Three years later, in order to realize his ambition of unifying the Central Plains, Huang Taiji led an army to besiege the Daling River, and Zu Dashou led more than 10,000 people to stay in the city. At the time of running out of ammunition and food, Huang Taiji ordered the soldiers to pretend that the Ming army was reinforcing, and unwitting Zu Dashou went out of the city to meet the prisoners. After the surrender, Huang Taiji not only treated Zu Dashou well, but also adopted his plan to capture Jinzhou. What he didn't expect, however, was that as soon as Zu Dashou returned to Jinzhou, he suddenly defected and became the hostage of the Ministry and his family without scruple.

But even so, Huang taiji is kind to his relatives. History is always strikingly similar. Ten years later, when the Qing army attacked Jinzhou, the general guarding the city was still Zu Dashou. This time, Huang Taiji's method is still siege. Like the Daling River World War I, Jinzhou was cut off from grain and grass, and Zu Dashou was captured by the Qing army. It was also because of Huang Taiji's kindness to let bygones be bygones that Zu Dashou chose to settle down and was named the company commander of Zhenghuangqi, the Han army. Tashan and Xingshan also fell into the hands of the Qing army. Since then, there is only an isolated city in Ningyuan outside Shanhaiguan.

Zu Dashou's nephew, Wu Sangui, was not only the company commander of Ningyuan, a military town in the Ming Dynasty, but also the prefect of Liaodong, commanding the Ming army outside the customs. Huang Taiji asked Zu Dashou to write a letter of surrender to Wu Sangui, but Wu Sangui refused to reply. 1644 (the first year of Qing Shunzhi) in September of the lunar calendar, Aisingiorro? Fu Lin arrived in Beijing from Shengjing (now Shenyang, Liaoning Province) under the escort of JiErlang, Minister of Fuzheng, and Zu Dashou followed him. 1656 (13th year of Shunzhi), Zu Dashou died of illness in the residence of Zujia Street in Beijing.

However, for these people, in the forty-first year of Qianlong (1776), they formally proposed to compile the biography of two ministers, which explained something. Where's Emperor Qianlong? Tadashi? As the highest standard, in the imperial edict, all officials of the descendants of the Qing Dynasty in the Ming Dynasty were called? Second minister? . In this regard, Emperor Qianlong pointed out: These people? Times are hard, so you can't give your life to the Lord in distress? Starting from feudal morality, right? Big section has a loss? . Although these people made contributions to the Qing dynasty, their descendants even worked as officials in the Qing dynasty, but? Tadashi? By this standard, they are not perfect.