The successful launch of Fengyun-3 05 satellite is the world's first civil meteorological satellite in the morning and evening orbit.

From the perspective of spatial division of labor, Fengyun-2 and Fengyun-4 are stationary satellites, which are synchronized with the Earth and carry out fixed-point observation on China and its surrounding areas. Fengyun 1 and Storm Knight are polar-orbiting satellites, orbiting the earth. Their task is to provide global meteorological and environmental observation data. Because of synchronization with the sun, polar-orbiting satellites fly over a point on the earth's surface twice a day, and satellites that are "on duty" according to time and point are polar-orbiting satellites. They are "on duty" according to the three tracks of morning twilight, morning and afternoon. The E-Star Fengyun-3 launched this time is a satellite orbiting in the early morning and evening along the terminator line, and the observation time is always in the early morning and evening. With these three satellites, global meteorological observation data can be obtained seamlessly, thus improving the accuracy of weather forecast.

Not only that, this "star on duty" at dawn can more accurately identify natural disasters in special periods such as morning and evening fires and night fires; Detect the global night city lighting distribution, and then indirectly reflect the urban economic situation, night pollution emissions and other information; Monitoring trace gases such as carbon monoxide and ozone in the atmosphere by remote sensing.

E-satellite Fengyun-3 is loaded with 1 1 sets of advanced remote sensing instruments, and it is one of the satellites with the largest number and variety of payloads in China. Breakthroughs have been made in three core capabilities, such as observation channel, detection accuracy and spectral coverage continuity, and one satellite has truly achieved multi-functions. E-Star Fengyun-3 is the fifth satellite of China's second-generation polar-orbiting meteorological satellite, and the first civil morning-dusk orbiting meteorological satellite in the world. It was named Dawn.

Yang Jun, chief designer of Fengyun Meteorological Satellite Project of China Meteorological Bureau, said that after the three satellites are networked in the morning, afternoon and morning and evening, they can provide a complete global coverage data for numerical forecast every six hours, which can effectively improve the accuracy and timeliness of global numerical weather forecast. "It flies around the earth, so it always flies to us at some point. In the past, we had satellites in the morning and in the afternoon, but there was always room, so Li Xing had a satellite flying in at dawn, filling the gap in global dawn observation. "

After the launch, E-Star Fengyun-3 will be networked with C-Star and D-Star Fengyun-3 in orbit, making China the only country in the world with the observation capability of three in-orbit meteorological satellites. "This can extend our forecast time by 12 hours," Yang Jun said.

The successful launch of Fengyun-3 E-Star will enrich the observation data of marine wind field, improve the forecasting ability of marine meteorological disasters such as typhoons, and more accurately judge natural disasters in special periods such as morning and evening fires and night fires. In the future, the observation data of Fengyun-3 E-Star will be open to the world, which will effectively improve the accuracy and timeliness of global numerical weather forecast and is of great significance to improving global earth observation. Up to now, China has successfully launched 19 Fengyun meteorological satellites, 8 of which are in orbit, with clear division of labor and on duty point by point.

Yang Jun said: "Generally speaking, the so-called networking concept has two meanings. First, in space, such as geographical space, we are in different positions; The second is time, such as 10 in the morning and 2 pm. "