Climatic characteristics of Qinghai province

Qinghai is a watershed between agricultural and pastoral areas, with three landforms: Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, inland arid basin and loess plateau, and three climatic forms: continental monsoon climate, inland arid climate and Qinghai-Tibet Plateau. There are not only the vastness of the plateau and the vastness of the desert, but also the richness of the river valley and the charm of the water town.

1, Leng Xia is cool in winter, and spring and autumn are connected. The annual average temperature in the whole province is between -4℃ and 8℃, which is 8℃ to 12℃ lower than that in the Loess Plateau and North China Plain at the same latitude. The monthly average temperature in 65438+ 10 is -8℃ to-18℃. Although it is not too cold in winter, it is still relatively cold compared with the eastern plain at the same latitude (the average temperature in North China Plain is 65438+ 10.

The number of days when the daily average temperature is ≤0℃ in Qinghai Province is 4-6 months at an altitude of 2,000-4,000m, and more than 6 months at an altitude of 4,000m. The average temperature in July is 6℃ ~ 20℃, which is relatively cool and is a good place for summer vacation.

2. The daily temperature difference is large and the annual temperature difference is small.

Qinghai Province has less vegetation on the ground, bare rocks, and rapid heating and heat dissipation, so Qinghai Province has become one of the regions with the largest daily temperature change in China. The annual daily temperature difference is 12℃ ~ 16℃, which is more than twice as high as the eastern coastal plain. The annual daily temperature difference 10 is 14℃ ~ 22℃ in October and 10℃ ~ 16℃ in July, which is greater in winter than in summer.

The maximum daily range can reach 25℃ ~ 34℃. On the day of Triangle City in Haiyan County1March, 95516th, the daily variation of temperature reached 36.6℃, which was really rare. Many places in Qinghai Province experience four seasons a day: early spring, afternoon and summer, late autumn and night and winter.

The annual temperature difference in Qinghai Province is 20℃ ~ 30℃, which is roughly equivalent to that in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River and Huaihe River Basin, and 4℃ ~ 6℃ lower than that in the plain area at the same latitude. The reason is that the ground temperature is low in summer and it is less affected by the cold wave in winter.

3. Drought and lack of rain

Qinghai province goes deep into the inland and is far away from the ocean, which is greatly influenced by the terrain. Most areas belong to non-monsoon areas, and the precipitation is less than that in the eastern part of the same latitude. The annual precipitation is 50 mm-450 mm, only 15mm in Lenghu Town, and the annual average precipitation in jiuzhi county is 774 mm, reaching 1030.8 mm/year.

The annual precipitation is concentrated in May-September, decreasing from southeast to northwest, and it rains many nights.

There are many thunderstorms and hail in summer. The eastern part of Qilian Mountain and the southern part of Yushu Prefecture have large topographic relief, with more precipitation. Thunderstorm days and hail days are the most, reaching 60 days and 80 days (Nangqian), 15 days and 25 days (Qingshuihe) respectively. Tens of thousands of hectares of farmland in this province are reduced or never harvested every year due to hail disasters. Snowstorms often occur in southern Qinghai in winter.

4. Strong winds and sandstorms

In Qinghai Province, except Xining and Huangshui Valley in the east, easterly winds prevail in most areas and westerly winds prevail in plateau areas. The annual average wind speed is higher in the northwest and lower in the southeast, and the maximum wind speed appears in Mangya Town and Alar area in the northwest corner of Qaidam Basin.

Qinghai Province is located in the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, named after Qinghai Lake in China, with an area of 720,000 square kilometers and an average elevation of over 3,000 meters. Qinghai is the largest province in China. It is the province with the lowest population density; It is the province with the highest altitude; It is the province with the highest proportion of ethnic minorities. Qinghai is adjacent to Gansu, Sichuan, Tibet and Xinjiang, and it is the link between Tibet, Xinjiang and the mainland. The provincial capital is Xining.

Crops in Qinghai Province: mainly wheat, highland barley, barley, corn, buckwheat, oats, millet, rape, broad beans, peas, soybeans, lentils, fragrant beans, potatoes, flax, safflower, sugar beet and so on.

Aquatic resources: * * There are 60 species. There are mainly Qinghai naked carp, spotted naked carp, thick-lipped heavy-lipped fish, polar-lipped flat-lipped fish, Yellow River naked-lipped fish, Qikou Schizothorax fish, Hucho, Qikou Schizothorax fish, southern grass, rainbow trout, silver carp, crucian carp and snakehead fish.

Source: official website, Qinghai Provincial People's Government: Geographical and Natural Conditions.