Introduction of Siberian Cold Current in Siberia

Mention Siberia, people will immediately have associations such as indifference, isolation and alienation. Especially in the dead of winter, Siberia means a terrible biting cold current.

We countries affected by the Siberian cold current are often frightened by the cold air that disturbs us from time to time in winter. How do Siberian people who really live in the center of the cold current spend the long winter? Our correspondent in Russia personally experienced the taste of Siberia in the middle of winter.

Since the beginning of winter, the Siberian cold current has "attacked" China many times, bringing cold, rainy and snowy weather to most parts of China. There is a rare scene of heavy snow traffic jam in Beijing; Xinjiang is even worse. Not only people put on down jackets, but even camels put on cotton-padded clothes as never before. How did this influential Siberian cold current form? The reporter visited the "hometown" of the Siberian cold current-Novosibirsk, the capital of Novosibirsk, Russia.

Siberian people wear short sleeves in winter.

Siberia belongs to the administrative division of Russia, starting from the Urals Mountains in the west and bounded by the watershed between the Arctic Ocean and the Pacific Ocean in the east, covering an area of about 6,543,800 square kilometers. Novosibirsk is located in the south of West Siberia Plain, 3200 kilometers away from Moscow, with an area of 6,543.8+0.8 million square kilometers and a population of 2.75 million. The administrative center of the Siberian Federal District, established in Novosibirsk, its capital, is also the largest city, science and technology and industrial center in Siberia, Russia. Known as the "capital" of Siberia, it has a population of 654.38+0.25 million. Of course, the key to the reporter's decision to come here is not because of these, but according to historical records, this is the place where the lowest temperature in Siberia appears. The time is 1938 65438+ February, and the temperature reaches MINUS 55 degrees Celsius.

It takes about 4 hours to fly eastward from Moscow to Novosibirsk. Looking down from the plane, you can see the ice and snow, and it is so clean without any wrinkles.

Before I came to Novosibirsk, my friends reminded me many times that I must wear more clothes. This is a place where I have to bring enough warm clothes even in summer! So I took all my thick clothes and imagined the "horror" scene in which the cold wind blew through the bones and the breath turned into ice. But when I got off the plane, I couldn't feel the biting cold wind. According to the weather forecast on the plane, the average temperature here is about-13 degrees Celsius, and the lowest is-16 degrees Celsius, which is not much different from the temperature in Moscow. Interestingly, when I got into a taxi, the driver's first "greeting" was: Brother, how did you get exiled to Siberia!

It takes about 40 minutes to take a taxi from the airport to the hotel in downtown Novosibirsk, and the windows are all white. When I checked in at the hotel lobby, I was greeted by a waiter in a white short-sleeved shirt. At this time, I was wearing a thick down jacket and a wool hat, which formed a sharp contrast. Maybe I just came in from the freezing and snowy outdoor, and it was still snowing outside, but it was really uncomfortable to see the waiter wearing summer clothes.

There are two winters in a year.

After settling down, I quickly called for an interview. Everything went smoothly, and soon I found Mr. Yagudin, director of the Hydrometeorological Research Center of Western Siberia.

The enthusiastic Mr. Yagudin readily promised to be interviewed at once. After explaining his purpose to Yagudin, he said that the formation of Siberian cold current is actually a very complicated process, and we need to know some meteorological knowledge first.

Yagudin said that there are very complicated reasons behind any weather situation, that is to say, under the action of various factors, a certain weather situation will be produced. When talking about the generation of Siberian cold current, he said that there is a Tuva basin at the junction of central and southern Siberia and Mongolia, that is, in the Russian autonomous state of Tuva. There is a high pressure center over the Tuva basin, which has a great influence on the surrounding climate. It is called "the highest pressure area in Siberia", and the cold air it produces can affect the surrounding areas of Siberia. However, its own energy alone is not enough to influence China. There is a similar pressure center in the Arctic Circle in northwest Russia. These two pressure centers interact and transfer energy to each other. The atmospheric pressure center in the Arctic Circle will continuously input energy to the "highest pressure area in Siberia". When the energy accumulates to a certain extent, it will burst out, forming a cold current that has great influence on the surrounding climate, affecting Russian, Mongolian and northern China. This cold current can be called Siberian cold current, or Mongolian cold current, which is simply the case.

In order to make me better understand, Mr. Yagudin also found a map and explained it to me carefully. He said that there was a low temperature of -40 degrees Celsius at the beginning of 200 1 1 1 October, but this low temperature period has passed. I asked him to predict when the next cold snap would come. He smiled and said, "You think the problem is too simple. Weather forecast is a very complicated science. According to the current level of science and technology, we can only predict the weather for one week. "

Later, Yagujing dug up a thick stack of meteorological records for me to see. According to previous data, there are usually two coldest low-temperature segments in Siberia in winter, one in 165438+ 10, and the other in 65438+ the following year 10. The temperature is around MINUS 40-50 degrees Celsius, while it is around MINUS 20 degrees Celsius at ordinary times, so people here spend two winters a year. In general, the coldest day of the year occurs in 65438+ 10 month.

It is cold outside and hot inside.

Due to the long and cold winter in Siberia, the preparation for winter every year is the top priority of the local government. Generally, it will start in August and September to check all kinds of heating facilities and repair houses. Russian buildings generally use double glass, and some have double windows, and Siberia is no exception. And the livestock here, when winter comes, have moved into greenhouses to avoid the long winter.

The heating guarantee in Novosibirsk is perfect, and all residents' homes are heated by heating. The average winter temperature in residents' homes is around 25 degrees Celsius, and the temperature in hotels and restaurants is even higher.

Before interviewing Mr. Yaguzin of the Hydrometeorological Research Center, I kept thinking, can people not go out at a low temperature of MINUS 50 degrees Celsius? What to wear when going out? As soon as this question was raised, Ya Gujing smiled and said, "Why don't you go out? People must work. Wear more when it's cold. " "Then what to wear?" I asked again, "Leather clothes." He said that Russians usually wear fur coats in winter, which is very warm, and it is no exception in Novosibirsk. Generally, every woman has a leather coat, which looks good and can keep out the cold, while most men wear leather coats and fur hats, which is a typical "equipment" for the citizens of Novosibirsk. I have a deep understanding of this. Whether walking on the streets of Moscow or in Novosibirsk, ladies wearing leather clothes can be seen everywhere. Men generally wear leather jackets while young people choose brightly colored down jackets. It is understood that there is a great demand for leather clothes in Russia, basically one for each person. As for "thermal underwear", it has not been seen and sold.

Ice and snow sports are the most popular.

In Siberia in winter, the best outdoor sports are skiing and skating. I saw citizens skiing in many parks in Novosibirsk. Children usually sit on special sledges and slide around their parents with ropes; Most adults choose skis to slide quickly on the snow, just like athletes.

Later, I heard a taxi driver say that almost all citizens in Novosibirsk can ski, and physical education class, a primary and secondary school in the city, also has special skiing courses, which is the favorite sport of Novosibirsk people.

When the car passed the largest gymnasium in Novosibirsk, the driver told me that there was just a Russian ice hockey league here yesterday, and the Novosibirsk ice hockey team won a total victory at home. He said that football and ice hockey are the two most popular sports in Russia. In summer, we watch football matches, and in winter, everyone comes to watch ice hockey.