Traditional Culture Encyclopedia - Weather forecast - Introduce Ye Shengtao.
Introduce Ye Shengtao.
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Ye Shengtao, 1894, from Wuxian County, Suzhou.
1907 was admitted to Caoqiao Middle School and served as a primary school teacher after graduation. 19 14 was expelled from school and began to write classical Chinese novels.
19 15 worked as a Chinese teacher in Shanggong School of Shanghai Commercial Press, and compiled Chinese textbooks for primary schools for the Commercial Press. Later, he was hired as the fifth higher primary school teacher in Jiaozhi County, Wuxian County.
19 18, his first vernacular novel "Spring Banquet" was published in the second and third issues of Volume 4 of Women magazine.
19 19 joined the trendy society of Peking University and began to write vernacular literature.
192 1 year, Mao dun, Zheng Zhenduo and others initiated the organization of "literature research society" and advocated "literature for life".
From 65438 to 0923, he entered the Commercial Press to engage in editing and publishing, and published the novel Ni Huanzhi.
1930, he transferred to Ming Kai Bookstore to host the magazine "Middle School Students".
193 1 After the September 18th Incident, the "Grand Alliance of Anti-imperialist and Anti-Japanese Literary and Art Circles" was launched.
During the Anti-Japanese War, he went to Sichuan to continue the editorial work of Ming Kai Bookstore, and also participated in the establishment of the "literary and art circles anti-enemy support club".
1946, after returning to Shanghai, he served as the director of the General Affairs Department of the All-China Federation of Literary and Art Circles, and the consultant of Shanghai Primary School Teachers' Joint Training Association and Middle School Education Research Association.
1949, arrived in Beiping and served as the director of the textbook editorial board of the North China People's Government. Later, he served as a member of the All-China Federation of Literary and Art Circles.
1949, he successively served as Vice Minister of Education, President and Editor-in-Chief of People's Education Publishing House, Member of All-China Federation of Literary and Art Circles, Consultant of Chinese Writers Association, Director of the Central Museum of Literature and History, Vice Chairman of People's Republic of China (PRC) CPPCC, Standing Committee of the 1st, 2nd, 3rd, 4th and 5th NPC, Standing Committee of the 5th Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference, Vice Chairman of the 6th Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference and Chairman of the Central Committee for Democratic Progressive Party.
Education and News Editors' Thinking
Ye Shengtao's educational thought and press and publication thought are interrelated and inseparable;
Teaching means not teaching.
Literature for life
readability
Literary works
Ye Shengtao's main pen names are Ye Tao, Shengtao and Guishan. 19 14 started writing novels in classical Chinese, and 19 18 published works in vernacular Chinese. He wrote a lot of novels, essays, essays, poems and children's literature in his life.
Spring Banquet Zotan: His First Vernacular Novel
Ni Huanzhi: A Novel
Diaphragm: A Collection of Novels
Fire: a collection of novels
Especially the Cowherd and the Weaver Girl: A Myth.
Newspapers and magazines
Ye Shengtao has served as editor, editor-in-chief or editor-in-chief of the following newspapers:
Saturday
Shanghai current affairs news
Shanghai Republic of China Daily
Literary weekly
Axiomatic daily
China Monthly
Suzhou review
Women magazine
Novel monthly
middle school student
Enlightened boy
Chinese writer
People education
China people are in China.
poetic sentiment
light
Chinese magazine
Middle school students' wartime biweekly
Fairy tale works
Ye Shengtao once wrote the following fairy tales:
scarecrow
tourist
Xiaobaichuan
Stone statues of ancient heroes
A seed
The emperor's new clothes
Roses and goldfish
Moon girl's marriage
Mimosa pudica
sunbeam
Fang er's dream
etc
Ye Shengtao Memorial
Ye Shengtao Memorial Hall of Ye Shengtao Park in Jiaozhi Town is located in the West Garden of Baosheng Temple in Jiaozhi District, Suzhou. This is the original site of the fifth higher primary school in the county where he taught from 19 17 to 1922.
(1894 ~ 1988) Modern writer, children's literature writer and educator. Formerly known as Shao Gou, the word Shengtao, the main pen names are Ye Tao, Shengtao and Guishan. People from Suzhou, Jiangsu. 1907 entered Suzhou Public No.1 Middle School and worked as a primary school teacher at1910 after graduation. 19 14 published more than 0 classical Chinese novels 10; 19 19 years to join the trendy society; 192 1 year participated in the establishment of literature research society. In the 1920s, collections of short stories such as Diaphragm, Fire, Offline, In the City, Never tire of reading and novel Ni Huanzhi were published one after another. Most of the early novels describe the gray life of intellectuals and ordinary citizens, such as Mr. Pan in trouble. Later, he turned to absorb major themes related to the struggle of the times, such as Night and Ni Huanzhi, which profoundly reflected the social reality before and after the first revolutionary civil war. His novels present a simple and calm artistic style. After the "September 18th Incident", he took an active part in patriotic anti-Japanese activities, published famous short stories such as "Thirty-five Wars", and his skills became more and more sophisticated. After the outbreak of War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression, he moved to Sichuan to work and live, mainly in prose and literary criticism. The main prose collections are Footsteps Collection, Live Not Tired, Give Up Collection, Ten Records, etc. His prose has simple feelings, meaningful meaning and clean language, and most of them have solid social content. Lotus root and shepherd's purse, a shower on May 30, morning glory, Spring Festival couplets and so on are all famous essays with their own characteristics.
Ye Shengtao is also a pioneer of China's modern fairy tale creation. The Scarecrow, a collection of fairy tales, shows the sufferings of the working people, but sometimes the atmosphere is low and sad. The Stone Statue of Ancient Heroes is a collection of later fairy tales, which shows the collective strength of people uniting against violence. His fairy tales are novel and unique in conception, exquisite and realistic in description and rich in realistic content. Lu Xun said that Ye Shengtao's Scarecrow opened up a creative road of his own for China's fairy tales.
Ye Shengtao has been teaching in middle schools and universities in Shanghai, Hangzhou and Beijing since 192 1. Started editing and publishing from 1923. He used to be the editor-in-chief of Commercial Press and Ming Kai Bookstore, editor-in-chief of Literature Weekly, Novel Monthly and Middle School Students, and found, trained and recommended writers such as Ba Jin, Ding Ling and Dai Wangshu. He also published many poems, comments and works, and edited dozens of Chinese textbooks for primary and secondary schools. After the founding of People's Republic of China (PRC), he devoted himself to the leadership of culture and education, and served as the president of People's Education Publishing House, the vice minister of education, the curator of the Central Museum of Literature and History, and the vice chairman of Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference.
Ye Shengtao's Educational Thought and News Editing Thought
Ye Shengtao's educational thought and press and publication thought are interrelated and inseparable;
Teaching means not teaching.
Literature for life
readability
Ye Shengtao's Scarecrow
The scenery and scenes in the field during the day, some poets write it as beautiful poems, and some painters paint it as vivid pictures.
In the evening, the poet drank wine and got a little drunk. As for the painter, he is singing in a low voice with exquisite instruments: no works.
Dave, come to the field. Then, who else will tell people about the scenery and situation in the field at night? Yes, yes.
Scarecrow.
Christians say that man was created by God's own hands. Whether this sentence is correct or not, we can say,
Scarecrow is made by farmers themselves. His skeleton is a thin bamboo branch in the bamboo garden, and his muscles and skin are the ecliptic of the next year.
Grass. Broken bamboo baskets and residual lotus leaves can be used as his hat; The face under the hat is flat, and I can't tell where my nose is.
Where are the eyes? His hand has no fingers, but he has a broken fan-it's not a hand, it's tied with thread.
Fan handle, just hanging on your hand. His skeleton is very long, and there is a piece at his foot, which was inserted by the farmer in the field.
He stood in the dirt all day and all night.
Scarecrow is very responsible If you compare the cow with him, the cow is much lazier than him. Sometimes he lies on the ground and looks up.
Jesus Christ. If you compare dogs with him, dogs are much more naughty than him, and sometimes they run around, making their owners look around. He never.
Don't bother, lie down and look at the sky like a cow; I never play. I run around like a dog. He looked at Tian quietly.
Slowly, the fan in his hand shook gently and drove away the flying birds, who came to eat the newly harvested ears of rice. He doesn't eat,
I don't sleep, even if I sit down to rest, I always stand there stiffly.
Of course, only the scarecrow knows the scenery and situation in the field at night, and knows the most.
He knows how dew condenses on grass leaves and how sweet dew is. He knows how the stars and the moon twinkle.
How to laugh; He knows how quiet the fields are at night, and how flowers and trees sleep soundly; He knows what bugs are like.
You look for me, I look for you, and how butterflies fall in love. In short, he knows everything about the evening.
Here are a few things that the scarecrow encountered at night.
One starry night, he was guarding the field, his fan rocking gently. The new ears of rice are one after another.
Well, the starlight shines on it, and some of it shines like a layer of water drops. When there is a little wind, it sounds like a salad. rice straw
People are very happy to watch it. He thinks that this year's harvest will definitely make his master-a poor old lady-
Smile. Where has she laughed before? Her husband died eight or nine years ago. She cried when she remembered it, and her eyes came to the present.
It is still red; But also become a problem, easy to cry. She has only one son and two women, and they work hard to cultivate this land.
It took three years to pay her husband's funeral expenses. Unexpectedly, my son got diphtheria and died. she
I was dizzy at that time, and then I fell into a heartache problem and often made it. She's the only one left this time. She's old, no.
Strength, but also hard farming, bitter for three years, finally paid off his son's funeral expenses. But in the next two years, there was water,
The rice was flooded, either rotten or germinated. She shed more tears, her eyes were hurt and her vision was blurred.
You can't tell from a little distance. Her face is wrinkled and looks like a dried orange. Where can she laugh?
However, this year's rice is growing well and vigorously, and there is not much rain. It seems to be a bumper harvest. So the scarecrow is happy for her:
Thinking of the day of harvest, she saw the big and full ears of rice, which were all her own, and finally did not participate in vain.
The wrinkles on your face are bound to unfold, so show a happy and satisfied smile. If there is such a smile, in the eyes of the scarecrow,
That is more lovely and precious than the smile of the stars and the moon, because he loves his master.
While the scarecrow was thinking about it, a small moth came, grayish brown. He immediately recognized that the moth was rice.
The enemy of the master is also the enemy of the master.
From his standpoint, from his feelings for his master, he must drive the moths away. So what's in his hand
The fan is vibrating. But the wind power of the fan is very limited, which can't teach moths to be afraid. The moth flew for a while and landed in a
On a rice leaf, I almost feel that the scarecrow is not here to expel him. The scarecrow was very worried when he saw the moth fall.
Urgent. But his body, like a tree, is fixed in the soil and cannot move half a step forward; Shake the fan,
The moth is still resting peacefully. He thought about the future situation on the battlefield, the tears and shriveled face of his master, and he thought
My heart ached at the fate of my master. But the little moth is resting. No matter how difficult it is, he just won't move.
When the stars came back in droves and all the night scenes disappeared, the moth flew away. The scarecrow looked at the rice leaves carefully.
Sure enough, the tip of the knife rolled up and there were many moths on it. This made the scarecrow feel infinite panic and thought of disaster.
When the whole thing comes, the more afraid it is, the more inevitable it is. Poor master, she has only two blurred eyes; Tell her, let
She can only be saved if she sees the child killed by a moth as soon as possible. He thought so, and the fan shook more frequently. Fans often touch their bodies.
On the body, make a sound. He can't shout. This is the only way to warn his master.
The old woman came to the field. She bent down to see that the water in the field was just right, so there was no need to draw water from the river. and
Look at the rice she planted herself, all of which are very strong; Touch the ear of rice, it's heavy. Look at the scarecrow. His hat is still on.
Very positive; The fan is still in the hand, shaking and making a sound; Still standing,
The position has not moved, and the appearance is exactly the same as before. Seeing that everything was normal, she arrived in Tianan and was ready to go home.
Rub the straw rope.
Scarecrow was extremely anxious when he saw that his master was leaving. He quickly shook his fan, trying to take the master away with this urgent voice.
People stay. The voice seemed to say, "my master, don't go!" Don't think that everything in the field is very
Well, the root of this catastrophe is in this land. Once an attack happens, it will get out of hand. At that time, you will
I want to dry my tears and break my heart; Put it out before it's too late. In this tree, look.
The tip of this rice! He repeatedly warned with the voice of the fan; But the old woman doesn't know, step by step.
The ground has gone far. He was so anxious that he still shook his fan hard that he didn't know it was a policeman until the master's back was out of sight.
The complaint is invalid.
No one is worried about rice except the scarecrow. He couldn't wait to jump over and put the root of the disaster.
The seedlings were released; I can't wait for the wind to send word to invite my master to root out this disaster quickly. His body is very thin, but now
With sadness, I look even more haggard, and I have no strength to stand up straight any more. I just lean on my shoulders and bend my back as if I were ill.
For example.
A few days later, in the rice fields, moths became carnivores and were everywhere. In the dead of night, straw
People hear the sound of them chewing rice leaves and see their greedy faces as they eat more. Gradually, a large area of thick green rice is full.
No, only bare stalks are left. He was so sad that he couldn't bear to take another look. The thought of the master's hard work this year can only bring tears and sighs.
I couldn't help crying when I was angry.
The weather is very cold at this time, and it is in the field at night, and the scarecrow is shivering in the cold wind; Just because he is
I cried. I don't think so. Suddenly came a woman's voice: "Who should I be? It's you. " He was taken aback,
I feel very cold. But what can we do? In order to do my duty, I act involuntarily, although it is cold,
I had to stand there. He looked at the woman. Turned out to be a fisherman. In front of the field is a river, a fisherman's boat.
It stopped by the river and there was a faint light in the cabin. She is putting the supported fish into the bottom of the river; The fish sank.
Yes, she sat on the shore and pulled it up later.
Children's coughs are often heard in the hut, and sleepy, subtle voices are often heard calling their mothers. This made her
In a hurry, she pulled hard, always looking uncomfortable and almost empty. The child in the hut is still coughing.
After shouting, she said to the cabin: "You have a good sleep! When I have fish, I will cook porridge for you tomorrow. You always call me, call me.
I'm so confused, how can I get fish! "
The child had no choice but to shout, "Mom, I'm thirsty! Give me some tea! " Then there was a cough.
"Here which come of tea! Be honest for a while, my ancestor! "
"I am dying of thirst!" The child cried loudly. In the open field at night, this cry is particularly sad.
Helpless, the fisherman put down the rope, got on the boat, entered the cabin, picked up a bowl and scooped a bowl from the river.
Water, turn around and give it to the child. The child finished the water in one gulp. He was really thirsty. But as soon as the bowl was put down, he coughed again.
Get up; The situation is getting worse and worse, and all that remains is breathing.
The fisherman couldn't take care of her children, so she went ashore to help her. For a long time, there was no sound in the cabin, and neither was her voice.
After being empty for a few days, she caught a crucian carp, seven or eight inches long. This is the first harvest, and she carefully takes out the fish.
Take it out of the box, put it in the barrel, and then put it down. This wooden bucket for fish is next to the scarecrow's feet.
At this time, the scarecrow was even more sad. He pitied the sick child, so thirsty that he couldn't even drink a sip of tea;
I am too sick to sleep with my mother. He sympathized with the fisherman and planned for tomorrow on this cold night.
Porridge, had to bite the bullet and leave the sick child behind. He can't wait to chop wood and make tea for the children.
I can't wait to make my own bedding and give my children a little warmth; I can't wait to cook porridge for fishermen with the stolen goods of small carnivores.
If he can walk, he must do what he wants at once; But unfortunately, his body is like a tree, fixed in the mud.
In the soil, you can't even move a step. There is nothing he can do. The more he thought about it, the sadder he became, and the more he cried. Suddenly snapped, he
I was startled, stopped crying and saw something. It turns out that the crucian carp was thrown in the bucket.
There is very little water in the bucket, so the crucian carp lies at the bottom of the bucket and can only get wet on the lower side. Crucian carp is very uncomfortable,
If you want to escape, jump up hard. I jumped several times, but I was blocked by the high tube rack. I still fell to the bottom of the bucket and fell.
It hurts. The crucian carp's upward eyes saw the scarecrow and begged, "friend, put down your hand for the time being."
Dear Fan, help me! I left my home in the water and only died. Good friend, help me! "
Hearing the sincere plea of crucian carp, the scarecrow was very sad; But he can only shake his head hard. his
It means: "please forgive me, I am a weak person!" " My heart wants to save you not only, but also.
The woman who caught you and your children, besides you, there are fishermen and children who have eaten everything. But me and the tree
Like wood, you can't move freely even half a step, so how can you do whatever you want! I beg your pardon
I, I am a weak person! "
Crucian carp don't understand scarecrow, just watching him shake his head again and again, angry as fire. "This again.
What is difficult! You have no heart at all, just shake your head! It turned out that I was wrong, my own difficulties, why didn't I ask for it?
Where are people? I should do it myself and try my best. If I fail, I will die. That's nothing! "Carassius auratus loudly.
Shouting, he jumped up again, this time with an extremely strong force, even the tip of his tail and pectoral fins stood on end.
Scarecrow saw that crucian carp misunderstood his meaning and had no way to explain it to crucian carp. He was sad and sighed.
After a while, he looked up and saw the fisherman asleep with a rope in one hand; It's all because of her.
I'm so tired. Although I'm thinking about tomorrow's porridge, I finally can't hold on. What about the crucian carp in the bucket? I can't hear the sound of jumping,
It seems that the tail is still twitching intermittently. Scarecrow thought, this night is a lot of sad things together, really.
It was a sad night! But look at those little robbers who eat rice leaves. They are happy, full and jumping on the bare stalks.
What about dancing? After the rice harvest, the master's old strength was wasted. Is there anything more pitiful in the world?
The night is getting darker and darker, even the stars look dim. The scarecrow suddenly felt a shadow coming from one side of the field and approaching.
On closer inspection, it turned out to be a woman, wearing a fat short coat and messy hair. She stopped and looked at the fishing boat parked by the river;
Turned and walked to the river bank; Without taking a few steps, he stood there stiffly. The scarecrow thought it was strange, so he paid attention.
Look at her.
A very sad voice came from her mouth, weak and intermittent, just used to listening to everything at night.
Only a very quiet straw can hear it.
The voice said, "I'm not a cow or a pig, how can I let you sell it to others casually!" " I want to run,
We really want you to sell it to someone else tomorrow. You have a little money. You either lost two games or drank yellow soup for a few days.
What's the use! Why do you have to force me? ..... There is only death, and there is no other way but death! If you die, meet me underground.
Go, my child! "These words and where ChengHua, sobbed clicking, voice was disturbed.
The scarecrow was very afraid, which was another painful thing he encountered.
She wants to die! He was anxious to save her, and he didn't know why. He shook his fan again to wake it up.
Sleeping fisherman. But I can't. The fisherman slept like a dead man and did not move. He hates himself and shouldn't be like.
The tree is fixed in the soil and can't move a step. Isn't destruction a sin? I am committing a crime myself.
Uh ... This is really worse than death. "Oh my god, turn on the light! Farmers, get up! Birds flew in to report the news.
All right!
The wind will blow away her desire to die! He prayed silently like this; But it was still dark around, and there was nothing.
A sound. His heart was broken, he dared not look, and timidly stared at the shadow standing by the river.
The woman stood silently for a while and leaned forward. The scarecrow knows that the terrible moment has come, and it is in his hands.
Our fans are playing louder. But she didn't jump and stood there stiffly.
After a long time, she suddenly raised her arm and ran into the river like a fallen body. Scarecrow saw
In this way, she fainted before hearing the sound of herself falling into the water.
The next morning, the farmer passed by the river and found a body in the river. The news spread at once. Men and women are close to each other.
All the women came to see it. The noisy sound woke the sleeping fisherman. She saw that the crucian carp in the bucket was dead.
She walked back to the hut with a bucket; The sick child woke up, his face looked thinner and his cough was worse. Nalaonong
Women also follow everyone to the river to see; I walked past my rice field and took a look. I didn't expect it to be over in just a few days.
Rice leaves and ears are gone, leaving only stiff and bare stems. She stamped her feet, beat her chest and burst into tears. Everyone ran past.
I came to persuade her and saw the scarecrow fall in the middle of the field.
Written on June 7th 1922.
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