What are the eight immortals in ancient mythology?

, Han Zhongli, Zhang, He Xiangu, Lan Caihe, Han Xiangzi, Cao Guojiu.

Tie Guai Li 1

Tie Guai Li, also known as Li Tieguai, Li Ningyang, Li Hongshui and Li Xuan, is the head of folk Taoism in China. According to legend, Li Ningyang or Li Hongshui, or Li Xuan, was named Li Kongmu. The year of birth and death is about 465438 BC+08-326 BC.

Among the Eight Immortals, several are real figures in history, but the Li Tie monster is an exception. Because he is a legendary figure, there are different opinions about his surname, place of origin and age of life.

Most people agree that Lijiaba is from Jiangjin, because there are still related relics in the early days of Lijiaba. At present, the government is planning to build the Eight Immortals Garden in Jiubenqiu, the original site, but the generally accepted image is that he has a dark face, fluffy hair, a gold hoop on his head, a messy beard, wide eyes, a lame leg and an iron cane.

However, in Taoist classics, it is said that he was originally a handsome man, studied Taoism in a cave, and achieved high attainments, even being able to leave his soul in vitro. One day, he decided to find an expert, so he ordered his apprentice to guard his body and then his soul went out to play.

Unexpectedly, a few days later, something happened to the apprentice's family and he needed to go home quickly, so he had to burn the master's body home. Soon Li Tie's ghost came back, but he couldn't find his own body. He was very scared. Finally, he finally found a starved body in the Woods, and with his help, he was resurrected and became like this.

Among the people in China, he has a great influence mainly in medicine, because it is said that the magical elixir is kept in the gourd on his back. Therefore, people engaged in the plaster industry in China later regarded him as their father.

2. Han Zhongli

Zhong Liquan, also known as Li Zhong, was born in 65438 and died in 65438. Lunar July 27th-256th), a figure in the Eastern Han Dynasty and Wei and Jin Dynasties, is a fairy in China folk and Taoist legends.

The founder of Quanzhen Taoism, the mainstream of Taoism in the world, was born in Xianyang, Han nationality. Because the prototype is a general in the Eastern Han Dynasty, it is also called Han Zhongli. Less work literature, especially like a grass sage, is eight feet long and official to general.

After the defeat, he was hidden in Yangjiao Mountain in Jinzhou. Dao Cheng, Yi. Claiming that "the world is in chaos and Hanzhong is decentralized." Quanzhen respected him as "the founder of Zhengyang". Later, it was listed as the second ancestor of Quanzhen North Sect. It is also one of the Eight Immortals in Taoist legends.

Inspired by Tie Guai Li, he went up the mountain to learn Taoism. After going down the mountain, fly swords to kill tigers and collect gold for the public. Finally, I went to heaven with my brother Jane. Lv Chunyang left again.

Yuan Shizu honored him as the King of Zhengyang Enlightenment, and Yuan Wuzong honored him as the Emperor of Zhengyang Enlightenment. According to legend, when visiting immortals in the Northern Song Dynasty, the Eight Immortals climbed Mount Sun Shi at the invitation of Tie Guai Li. Erlangba in Chishui, Guizhou Province has become an extremely dark Jedi, and the descendants of residents have gradually declined and died out.

3. Zhang

Zhang is one of the ancient myths and legends in China, which has a wide influence among the people in China. Zhang (Zhang Guo), surnamed Mr., was wooed by Wu Zetian and Xuanzong, and was given Wufeng Mountain in xing zhou (now Zhang Laoguo Mountain in Xingtai).

The famous alchemist, one of Zhang's Eight Immortals, lived in life is unknown from the 7th century to the middle of the 8th century. He is the author of Medicine Classics for Immortals, Cinnabar Alchemy, Jade Cave Alchemy, etc.

The true formula of the jade cave deity's cinnabar describes the origin, shape and nature of cinnabar in great detail, in which it is mentioned that purple sand is made of "one catty of mercury, three ounces of sulfur", and its content is similar to that of Chen Shaowei's "Jiuhui Golden Pill".

The weight ratio of mercury and sulfur here is 100: 19. According to the composition of cinnabar (mercury sulfide, HgS), the weight ratio of mercury to sulfur is 100: 16. It is very reasonable for Chen and Zhang to increase the dosage of sulfur because it is easy to burn and wear, which shows that they have accumulated rich experience in making cinnabar at that time.

Zhang Guo studied internal alchemy and external alchemy, but mainly practiced internal alchemy. He divided Neidan into three categories, with Jiuzhuan Huang Dan as the top grade. And summed up that there are nine essentials to turn nine into Dan, according to which you can get the Tao. This statement is similar to Sima Chengzhen's "sit and forget". In addition, he proposed a double major, which was regarded as the pioneer of Inner alchemy in Song and Yuan Dynasties.

4. Lv Dongbin

Lv Dongbin, the founder of the mainstream Quanzhen Sect of Taoism. The name of HO ("HO" or "Rock") is Dong Bin, and the road number is Chunyoko. He claimed to be a native of Zhou Pu River House in Hedong (now Yongle Town in Ruicheng, Shaanxi Province). Now there is Yongle Palace built by Qiu Chuji in Yuan Dynasty in Ruicheng, Shanxi Province, which is a national key cultural relics protection unit, also known as Dachangyang Wanshou Palace.

Lv Dongbin is a master of Taoism. At present, the northern Sect of Taoism (Wang Zhongyang Quanzhen Sect), the southern Sect (Zhang Ziyang Quanzhen Sect), the eastern Sect (Lu Sect) and the western Sect (Li Sect), as well as other Taoist sects hidden among the people, all claim to have originated in Lv Zu.

Originally a Confucian scholar, he studied swordsmanship from the real Zheng Huolong at the age of 40 and alchemy from Zhong Liquan at the age of 64. Later, he became a sentient being in the universe, and there were many legends in the world, and he was honored as a sword Sect and a sword fairy.

According to Quanzhen Quan Yi, in the Northern Song Dynasty, at a party in the famous Xianyuan Mountain, Huaxuan Jushi was listed as one at the invitation of the first one.

5. He Xiangu

He Xiangu is the only female of the Eight Immortals, and there are different opinions about her life experience. She comes from the Tang Dynasty. At the beginning of the Song Dynasty, Guang Yi was quoted as "He Erniang" in Taiping Guangji. She is a peasant woman who knits shoes. Later, because her home was too stuffy, she swam in Luofu Mountain, lived in a mountain temple, and often collected wild fruits for monks to eat in.

Once, a monk from Zhou Xun Mountain Temple, 400 miles away, came to Luofushan Temple and said that one day a fairy went there to pick bayberries. It was verified that that day was the day when Ernian picked the fruit. Besides, everyone doesn't know where Ernian picked so many wild fruits, so she thinks Ernian is a fairy who picks fruits in Zhou Xun Mountain Temple. From then on, Ernian became famous and no longer lived in a mountain temple.

"Continued Examination" said that when Tang was born, He Xiangu was from Zengcheng, Guangdong. When he was born, there were six bright lights on his head, and he was born with a "fairy family". At the age of thirteen, he met a Taoist in the mountains and ate a peach. From then on, he was neither hungry nor thirsty, and he was as light as a fly, and he could foresee the fortunes of life. Later, she was called to Beijing and left halfway.

She is from the Song Dynasty. The notes of some scholars in the Song Dynasty often refer to her as a native of Yongzhou (Lingling) in the Northern Song Dynasty. Some people say that when she was young, she met strangers and became famous for eating peaches. It is said that she was grazing in the country, and when she met a stranger, she gave dates and ate them and became immortal. The notes of the Song Dynasty also recorded some deeds of He Xiangu's divination and fortune prediction for others. At that time, scholars and curious people rushed to other places for divination.

6. Lan Caihe

Lan Cai He, whose real name is unknown, was named Xu Jie, one of the folk Taoist legends in China, and was born in the Tang Dynasty (6 15-760).

Lu You was born in Shilongmen, an ancient town in Tanghe. In the Book of Southern Tang Dynasty, he said that he was a scholar in the late Tang Dynasty.

Yuan zaju Lan Cai He said that his surname was Xu Mingjie. Blue Cai He is his musical name. He often wears a blue shirt, boots with one foot exposed, and a big castanet, walking downtown, singing while drunk, and traveling around the world.

He drank a lot, but he was not drunk. He is proficient in brewing technology, brewing and drinking by himself. Lan Caihe is also the most authoritative person in the field of brewing in China.

Later, in the restaurant, I heard the flute in the air and suddenly took off. According to the explanation of Taoism, the contemporary Huaxuan layman was listed as the Eight Immortals of Sun Shi Mountain, a famous fairy garden, at the invitation of Tie Guai Li during the Fairy Wandering Conference in the Northern Song Dynasty.

7. Han Xiangzi

Han Xiangzi in Tang Dynasty, whose name was Qingfu, was one of the Eight Immortals in ancient folklore in China. He is good at playing the flute and worships Lv Dongbin as his teacher. Taoist music Introduction to Smallpox is said to have been written by Han Xiangzi.

Because Han Yu refused to die in his later years, Buddhism fabricated Han Yu as a Zen master. Taoism created Han Xiangzi to offset the influence of Han Yu.

8. Cao Guojiu

Cao Guojiu, the last of the Eight Immortals, appeared the latest and had fewer fairy tales. His life experience and stories are similar, and they are all related to Cao Empress. There is a legend in the history of Song Dynasty, Cao Shu, the word Gong Bo, the grandson of Cao Bin, and the brother of Cao Empress.

He is gentle and easy-going, familiar with temperament and loves to write poems. He was crowned King of Jiyang County, and he lived a smooth life at the age of 72.

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