Radar principle

The transmitter of radar equipment transmits electromagnetic wave energy to a certain direction in space through an antenna, and objects in this direction reflect the electromagnetic waves encountered; The radar antenna receives the reflected wave and sends it to the receiving equipment for processing, thus extracting some information of the object.

1. Basic principles:

Radar uses a transmitter to emit electromagnetic waves, which will be reflected when it meets an object. The receiver records the returned electromagnetic wave and judges the distance, orientation and speed of the target according to the characteristics of the returned wave.

2. Start the process:

Radar transmitters usually use a technique called pulse modulation to convert electromagnetic waves into pulse signals. The transmitted pulse signal will radiate at a certain frequency and power.

3. The process of reflection:

When the pulse signal meets the target object, it will scatter and reflect. The target absorbs part of the energy, and the remaining energy is reflected back to the radar receiver.

4. Receiving process:

The radar receiver receives the reflected signal and converts it into a processable electrical signal. By processing these signals, we can get the information of the distance, orientation and speed of the target object.

5. Data processing:

The received signal is filtered, amplified and modulated to eliminate noise and interference. By analyzing and processing the signal, the characteristics and parameters of the target object are obtained.

6. Display results:

The radar system displays the information of the target object on the radar screen according to the processed data. Radar charts are usually used to represent the position and movement of target objects.

7. Application areas:

Radar technology is widely used in aviation, ocean, environmental monitoring, weather forecasting and other fields. It can not only detect and track aircraft, ships and other targets, but also be used to measure atmospheric parameters and terrain.

The radar principle is an active detection technology based on electromagnetic waves, which can obtain the relevant information of the target object by transmitting and receiving electromagnetic waves. It has become an indispensable part of modern science and technology, which has greatly promoted the development of aviation, navigation, communication, weather forecasting and other fields. With the continuous progress of technology, the performance and application of radar system are constantly expanding and improving.